scholarly journals Managing sustainable agroecosystem: Study on diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera on riparian sites of oil palm and rubber plantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
A Azhar ◽  
A Rizali ◽  
Pudjianto ◽  
D Buchori
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera

scholarly journals Study of Forest Land Function Transfer and its Role in Labour Absorption, Economic Growth and Increase in Human Development Index in West Kalimantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolando Mangatas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Average Life Span ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Job Opportunity ◽  
Privately Owned

Timber forests have many functions and play an essential role in human life. This means that the existence of timber forests provides many benefits for human life. Economic development activities actively implemented throughout the province of West Kalimantan have resulted in more and more areas of timber forest and rubber plantation areas being converted into oil palm plantations. The rampant development of oil palm plantations carried out by investors and those carried out independently by each resident, in essence, provides a significant enough job opportunity for the population in each area that continues to grow. Job opportunities created through economic development offer opportunities to every working population to earn income, fulfilling various life needs is mainly directed to fulfilling family nutritional consumption. If the family's nutrition is guaranteed, then the average life span of the population can be longer. In addition to meeting his family's needs, this income can also be used to finance children's education belonging to the school-age group. If the income earned by each family is large enough, then the family should be able to live in prosperity. This means that timber forest and rubber plantation areas privately owned by the community have been converted into oil palm plantations, significantly contributing to the economic growth of districts/cities in West Kalimantan province and improving the community's welfare.

scholarly journals Soil Properties Variability Under Various Agroecosystems In Ultisols Of Bengkulu

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Priyono Prawito ◽  
Impetus Hasada Windu Sitorus ◽  
Zainal Muktamar ◽  
Bandi Hermawan ◽  
Welly Herman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Similar Texture

Understanding the relation of agroecosystem types, ages, and soil properties are vital in maintaining good quality soil. This study aims to explore the variation of selected soil properties with agroecosystem types and ages. The research has been conducted in North Bengkulu, Indonesia. Soil properties on agroecosystems of 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr oil palm plantation, 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr rubber plantation, food cropland, and scrubland were evaluated. The study found that soil in oil palm and rubber plantations of any age have a similar texture, bulk density (BD), and actual soil moisture (ASM). All plantation agroecosystems and scrubland have higher clay and lower silt content than that in food cropland. In addition, the scrubland has the highest ASM content among the agroecosystems. On the other hand, both agroecosystems enhances soil chemical properties than food cropland and scrubland as indicated by the improvement of organic-C, total-N, available P, exchangeable K and CEC of Ultisols. Older plantation also provides higher soil chemical improvement than younger one. This finding is significant for management of sub optimal soil mainly Ultisols for oil palm and rubber plantation.

scholarly journals Seasonal Activity of Fruit Bats in a Monoculture Rubber and Oil Palm Plantation in the Southern Philippines

Conservation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-270
Author(s):  
Krizler C. Tanalgo ◽  
Tuanjit Sritongchuay ◽  
Alice C. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Fruit Bats ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Fruit Bat

The increasing expansion of monoculture plantations poses a major threat to Asian tropical biodiversity. Yet, in many countries such as the Philippines, the ability of species to persist within plantations has never been explored. We studied the seasonal activity and response of fruit bats in two types of monocultural plantations (rubber and oil palm) in the Southern Philippines from 2016–17 for 12 months. Our mist-netting and monitoring data showed that both plantations can support cosmopolitan species of fruit bats (Cynopterus brachyotis, Eonycteris spelaea, Macroglossus minimus, Ptenochirus jagori, and Rousettus amplexicaudatus), yet a significant variation in the abundance and guild distribution between plantations was observed. Rubber hosted a higher bat abundance than oil palm, which may be influenced by better habitat structure of the matrix (e.g., presence of orchard and fruit plantations) and practices occurring in the rubber plantation. We find that, among seasonal climatic variables, temperature showed significant negative effects on fruit bat abundance. Our results suggest that although monoculture plantations host low diversity (i.e., richness and endemism) they still support generalists which are still ecologically important species. Furthermore, wildlife-friendly commercial plantation practices could both enhance economic growth and biodiversity conservation in the Philippines. Our data both provide the potential for long-term monitoring in the Philippines and highlight the need for more comprehensive monitoring of other bat functional groups and their ability to transverse plantations to provide a more in-depth understanding of the roles and impacts of plantations and other land-use changes.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Ameliorant to Increase Carbon Stock of Oilpalm and Rubber Plantation on Peatland

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Ai Dariah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Polyvalent Cation ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
And Control

Application of peatland amelioration can improve soil quality, reduce GHG emissions, and increase carbon sequestration. The research aimed to study the effect of peatland amelioration on oil palm and rubber carbon stock improvement. Research was conducted from August 2013 until June 2014.  The researches on oil palm were done in Arang-arang Village, Kumpeh Subdistrict, Muaro Jambi District, and in Lubuk Ogong Village, Bandar Seikijang Sub-district, Pelalawan District. Both  sites are in Jambi and Riau Province. The research on rubber was done in Jabiren Village, Jabiren Raya Subdistrict, Pulang Pisau District, Central Kalimantan Province. The study used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), in four treatments and four replications. The treatments were pugam (peat fertilizer enriched by polyvalent cation), manure; empty fruit bunch compost, and control (no application). The measurement of C stock was performed 10 months after application using nondestructive methods. The results showed that peatland amelioration treatments  had no significant effect to improve C stock on oil palm in 6 years old and 7 years old of rubber. After 10 months of amelioration application, the treatments increased C - stock of oil palm and rubber were 2.1-2.4 Mg ha-1 and 5-11 Mg ha-1, respectively. Longer time observation may be needed to study the effect of ameliorant on C-stock of annual crops.

scholarly journals Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Arthropods in Okomu Forest Reserve

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Adeduntan S. A. ◽  
Akinbi O. J. ◽  
Osabiya O. S. ◽  
Olusola J. A.
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
National Park ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation

A field survey was conducted in Okomu Forest Reserve Edo State, to assess the diversity and seasonal dynamics of arthropod species in selected land use systems (Okomu national park, Okomu rubber plantation and Okomu oil palm plantation). Samplings of arthropods were carried out between February and September 2020, arthropods were collected by hand picking and sweep net in each sampled plots at 25 m x 25 m in the study area. Insects encountered were killed and preserved by chloroform. Arthropods samples were taken to the laboratory for oven dry and identification. A total of 382 arthropods spread across 15 orders, 34 families and 81 species were recorded. The most dominant orders were Hymenoptera (Ants) followed by Odonta (dragonfly) and Lepidoptera (butterfly and Moth) during dry season while highest abundance of orders were Spirostreptida (millepde) followed by Hymenoptera (Ants) and Araneae (spider) during rainy season. Okomu National Park has the highest (220) insect species abundance follow by Okomu Rubber Plantation (136) while the least was Okomu Oil Palm Plantation (72) in the study area. Study revealed that Okomu Rubber Plantation has no record of Scolopendromorphra (centipede) andHemiptera (bug) while in Okomu Oil Palm Plantation no record of Scolopendromorphra (centipede), lepidoptera (butterfly), also there were norecord of blattodea (crockroach) order of insect species in Okomu National Park. The highest species diversity and evenness was observed in Okomu National Park (H’ = 3.03 and E’= 0.83) follow by Okomu Oil Palm Plantation (H’=1.89 and E’=0.86) while Okomu Rubber Plantation was the least (H’ = 1.53 and E’= 0.60). ANOVA showed significant (P≤0.05) different on diversity and abundance between land use systems while there is nosignificant (P≥0.05) different seasons in the study area. Observation was made on seasonal variation of arthropods species in different land use systems and dominant species as bio-indicators in the study area.

scholarly journals Developing Multi-Source Indices to Discriminate between Native Tropical Forests, Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Inggit Lolita Sari ◽  
Christopher J. Weston ◽  
Glenn J. Newnham ◽  
Liubov Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Land Cover Maps

Over the last 18 years, Indonesia has experienced significant deforestation due to the expansion of oil palm and rubber plantations. Accurate land cover maps are essential for policymakers to track and manage land change to support sustainable forest management and investment decisions. An automatic digital processing (ADP) method is currently used to develop land cover change maps for Indonesia, based on optical imaging (Landsat). Such maps produce only forest and non-forest classes, and often oil palm and rubber plantations are misclassified as native forests. To improve accuracy of these land cover maps, this study developed oil palm and rubber plantation discrimination indices using the integration of Landsat-8 and synthetic aperture radar Sentinel-1 images. Sentinel-1 VH and VV difference (>7.5 dB) and VH backscatter intensity were used to discriminate oil palm plantations. A combination of Landsat-8 NDVI, NDMI with Sentinel-1 VV and VH were used to discriminate rubber plantations. The improved map produced four land cover classes: native forest, oil palm plantation, rubber plantation, and non-forest. High-resolution SPOT 6/7 imagery and ground truth data were used for validation of the new classified maps. The map had an overall accuracy of 92%; producer’s accuracy for all classes was higher than 90%, except for rubber (65%), and user’s accuracy was over 80% for all classes. These results demonstrate that indices developed from a combination of optical and radar images can improve our ability to discriminate between native forest and oil palm and rubber plantations in the tropics. The new mapping method will help to support Indonesia’s national forest monitoring system and inform monitoring of plantation expansion.

scholarly journals Using a Bottom-Up Approach to Scale Leaf Photosynthetic Traits of Oil Palm, Rubber, and Two Coexisting Tropical Woody Species

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Ashehad A. Ali ◽  
Branindityo Nugroho ◽  
Fernando E. Moyano ◽  
Fabian Brambach ◽  
Michael W. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Jungle Rubber

Rainforest conversion to woody croplands impacts the carbon cycle via ecophysiological processes such as photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration. Changes in the carbon cycle associated with land-use change can be estimated through Land Surface Models (LSMs). The accuracy of carbon flux estimation in carbon fluxes associated with land-use change has been attributed to uncertainties in the model parameters affecting photosynthetic activity, which is a function of both carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) and electron transport capacity (Jmax). In order to reduce such uncertainties for common tropical woody crops and trees, in this study we measured Vcmax25 (Vcmax standardized to 25 °C), Jmax25 (Jmax standardized to 25 °C) and light-saturated photosynthetic capacity (Amax) of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (oil palm), Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree), and two native tree species, Eusideroxylon zwageri and Alstonia scholaris, in a converted landscape in Jambi province (Sumatra, Indonesia) at smallholder plantations. We considered three plantations; a monoculture rubber, a monoculture oil palm, and an agroforestry system (jungle rubber plantation), where rubber trees coexist with some native trees. We performed measurements on leaves at the lower part of the canopy, and used a scaling method based on exponential function to scale up photosynthetic capacity related traits to the top of the canopy. At the lower part of the canopy, we found (i) high Vcmax25 values for H. brasiliensis from monoculture rubber plantation and jungle rubber plantation that was linked to a high area-based leaf nitrogen content, and (ii) low value of Amax for E. guineensis from oil palm plantation that was due to a low value of Vcmax25 and a high value of dark respiration. At the top of the canopy, Amax varied much more than Vcmax25 among different land-use types. We found that photosynthetic capacity declined fastest from the top to the lower part of the canopy in oil palm plantations. We demonstrate that photosynthetic capacity related traits measured at the lower part of the canopy can be successfully scaled up to the top of the canopy. We thus provide helpful new data that can be used to constrain LSMs that simulate land-use change related to rubber and oil palm expansion.

scholarly journals Influence of Land Use on Soil Physiochemical Properties in Semi-Humid Nsukka Area of Southeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Umeobi, E.C. ◽  
Ezeaku P. I. ◽  
Umeugokwe C. P. ◽  
Ezeaku V.I.
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Surface Sampling ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
Surface Samples

The influence of four land uses (cultivated arable land, grassland, oil palm plantation and rubber plantation) on physical and chemical properties of coarsetextured acid soils was assessed in the semi-humid Nsukka area. Soil auger and core samples were used to achieve surface sampling at the depth intervals of 0-20 and 20-40cm in each land use type. Four diagnostic horizons were identified and sampled in each profile pit dug in each land use, which gave six samples per land use. Results showed that sand (90%) and silt (12%) fraction mean werehighest in oil palm plantation and rubber plantation respectively. The highest clay mean values were obtained from the surface samples (13%) of grassland land and the profile (24%) of rubber plantation. The oil palm plantation silt/clay (0.50) was less than unity and recorded the highest bulk density mean value (1.55 g/cm3 ). The highest value of saturated hydraulic conductivity (113.4 cm/hr) and available water capacity (53%) was recorded in the rubber plantation. The pH of the cultivated (5.7-6.8) and rubber plantation (6.2-6.3) soil increased with depth in contrast to grassland and oil palm plantation. The soil organic carbon and total nitrogen generally decreased with depth across the four land uses. The highest cation exchange capacity mean value was obtained from the surface samples of grassland (19 cmol/kg) and the profile of rubber plantation (16 cmol/kg). This shows that assessment of soil properties under different agronomic land uses will guide decisions on soil degradation associated with land uses

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document