scholarly journals Influence of thyroid status on the content of essential chemical elements in the body of laboratory animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 012069
Author(s):  
S V Notova ◽  
E V Kiyaeva ◽  
S V Miroshnikov ◽  
T V Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Essential Chemical

scholarly journals Selected Essential and Toxic Chemical Elements in Hypothyroidism—A Literature Review (2001–2021)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 10147
Author(s):  
Anna Błażewicz ◽  
Patrycja Wiśniewska ◽  
Katarzyna Skórzyńska-Dziduszko
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Chemical ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Essential Chemical

Thyroid hormones are known for controlling metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and electrolytes and for regulating body temperature. Normal thyroid status depends on the chemical/elemental composition of body fluids and tissues, which changes depending on physiological state, lifestyle and environment. A deficiency or excess of certain essential chemical elements (selenium, zinc, copper, iron or fluorine) or exposure to toxic (cadmium or lead) or potentially toxic elements (manganese or chromium) interacts with thyroid hormone synthesis and may disturb thyroid homeostasis. In our review, accessible databases (Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science) were searched for articles from 2001–2021 on the influence of selected chemical elements on the development of hypothyroidism. Our review adopted some of the strengths of a systematic review. After non-eligible reports were rejected, 29 remaining articles were reviewed. The review found that disruption of the physiological levels of elements in the body adversely affects the functioning of cells and tissues, which can lead to the development of disease.

Effect of combined action of arsenic and antimony compounds on renal function in the subchronic test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Shestakov ◽  
R.I. Aizman ◽  
A.S. Ogudov ◽  
N.F. Chuenko
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Related Series

The study was conducted on male Wistar rats. We used 4 mathematically related series of doses prepared by sequential dilution of water from a man-made lake according to the scheme: arsenic: 0.15 - 0.05 - 0.016 - 0.0055, antimony: 0.68 - 0.227 - 0.075 - 0.025 mg/l. The animals were examined before inoculation (background), on days 40 and 90 of the experiment, taking into account the processes of cumulation of chemical elements in the kidneys. New data on the nature of nephrotoxic effects of arsenic and antimony in the long-term combined intake into the body of laboratory animals have been obtained. Key words: water from a man-made lake, arsenic and antimony compounds, Wistar rats, nephrotoxicity.

The Essential Chemical Elements of Plants

1886 ◽  
Vol 21 (524supp) ◽  
pp. 8371-8373
Author(s):  
Thomas Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Essential Chemical

Hematological and toxicological evaluation of formaldehyde as a potential cause of human leukemia

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard D Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Species Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Human Leukemia ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hematological Cancers

Epidemiological findings suggesting that formaldehyde exposure is associated with a higher risk of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and other hematological cancers have led to consideration of the potential mechanism of action by which inhalation of this rapidly reactive agent can cause bone marrow cancer. Two major mechanism-based arguments against formaldehyde as a leukemogen have been the difficulty in envisioning how inhaled formaldehyde might penetrate to the bone marrow; and the lack of similarity of non-cancer effects to other known human myeloleukemogens, particularly the absence of pancytopenia in humans or laboratory animals exposed to high levels. However, both of these arguments have been addressed by the recent finding of a pancytopenic effect and chromosomal abnormalities in heavily exposed Chinese workers which, if replicated, are indicative of a genotoxic effect of formaldehyde on hematopoietic stem cells that is in keeping with other known human leukemogens. Review of the body of evidence suggests an apparent discrepancy between studies in laboratory animals, which generally fail to show evidence of penetration of formaldehyde into the blood or evidence of blood or bone marrow genotoxicity, and studies of exposed humans in which there tends to be evidence of genotoxicity in circulating blood cells. One possible explanation for this discrepancy is species difference. Another possible explanation is that myeloid precursors within the nasal mucosa may be the site for leukemogenesis. However, chloromas, which are local collections of myeloid tumor cells, are rarely if ever found in the nose. Other proposed mechanisms for formaldehyde leukemogenesis are reviewed, and dose issues at the interface between the epidemiological and hematotoxicological findings are explored.

PREVALENCE OF ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF DAGESTAN AND THE CONTENT OF Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb IN SOILS AND NATURAL WATERS OF THE TERRITORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Sh.K. Salikhov ◽  
◽  
D.Z. Alieva ◽  
U.A. Magomedova ◽  
S.О. Abdulkadyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Geochemical Factors ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the study is to determine the role of geochemical factors (the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soils and natural waters of the plain zone of Dagestan) in the prevalence of essential arterial hypertension (EAH) among the population of children. Materials and methods of research: an observational cross-sectional (one-step) study of the prevalence of EAH in the child population was carried out. The prevalence rates of EAH among children in the plain zone of the Republic of Dagestan are calculated for 100,000 children 0–17 years old, without taking into account gender differences. The content of elements (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the environment (soil, natural waters) was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) of indicators of the content of metals (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the regions and objects (soils, natural waters) of the study revealed a statistically significant difference in the data (for soils: F=81,06772, p<0,0002; for natural waters: F=58,86451, p<0,00001). The dependence of children's EAH on the content of chemical elements in the objects of the biosphere of Dagestan was determined, which was expressed in an increase in the number of patients with EAH when Pb content exceeded (r=+ 0,576, r=+ 0,759) and with the decrease of Mg (r=–0,668, r=–0,173), K (r=–0,440, r=–0,636), Ca (r=–0,693, r=–0,533), Zn (r=–0,051, r=–0,827) in soils and natural waters. Conclusion: when assessing the pathogenesis of EAH in the population of children, the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soil and water should be taken into account, since these microelements, entering the body with water and food, affect the elemental status of child's body.

MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF WHITE MICE DURING EXPERIMENTAL IRON (IV) CLATHROCHELATE TOXICOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Borysevych ◽  
◽  
V. V. Lisova ◽  
I. M. Derkach ◽  
S. S. Derkach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Response ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Experimental Drug ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
First Time

Iron (IV) clathrochelate based on a macrobicyclic ligand of the hexahydrazide type is a unique compound that contains iron in a rare high valence IV. Preclinical and clinical studies of this complex, which were started for the first time in Ukraine, have an important theoretical and practical consequence as this complex can be recommended as an active substance in iron-containing drugs with antianemic action. In conducting preclinical studies of new drugs, pathomorphological studies are important because they are a necessary step in studying the biological response of animals to the action of test substances. It was found that some pathological changes develop in the body of white mice under conditions of experimental acute and chronic iron (IV) clathrochelate intoxication. They correlated with the dose of the test compound. During chronic intoxication, the microscopic changes in the liver and kidney of white mice treated with iron (IV) clathrochelate at a dose of 1/10 DL50 were similar to the microscopic changes in the liver and kidney of mice treated with the experimental drug at a dose of 1/5 DL50. However, the severity of these changes was lower, reflecting a lower degree of organ damage. In the myocardium of mice treated with iron (IV) clathrochelate at a dose of 1/5 DL50 on the 10th day, as in acute iron (IV) clathrochelate poisoning, only edema was recorded. The prospects for further research are the study of microscopic changes in the organs of laboratory animals of other species during experimental iron (IV) clathrochelate toxicosis.

scholarly journals Preclinical evaluation of the veterinary drug “Amoxidev 15” for its use in surgical and obstetric practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (103) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
L.-M. Kostyshyn ◽  
R. Sachuk ◽  
Ye. Kostyshyn ◽  
O. Katsaraba
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
White Rats

Suspension for injection “Amoxidev 15” is prescribed to fur-bearing animals (mink, fox), dogs and cats for the treatment of respiratory diseases (tonsillitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchopneumonia), digestive (gastritis, enteritis, enteritis). genitourinary systems (nephritis, urethritis, urocystitis, mastitis, metritis, agalactia), musculoskeletal system (arthritis, osteoarthritis, joint injuries, tendonitis, hoof lesions), skin and soft tissues (eczema, dermatitis) caused by sensitive drug by microorganisms, including colibacillosis, streptococcus, bronchopneumonia, etc. Toxicological evaluation of the veterinary drug “Amoxidev 15” under the conditions of acute and subacute toxicological experiments on a model of white rats. According to the results of an acute toxicological experiment with intragastric administration of the drug “Amoxidev 15” white rats DL50 could not be calculated because the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration. The maximum administered dose (in absolute weight of the drug) was 20000.0 mg/kg body weight, which allows to refer the drug to class VI toxicity of relatively harmless substances (DL50 > 15000 mg/kg body weight), and the degree of safety to class IV – low-hazard substances (DL50 > 5000 mg/kg). According to the results of an acute toxicological experiment with subcutaneous administration of the drug “Amoxidev 15” white rats DL50 could not be calculated because the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration, the maximum dose was 5000.0 mg/kg body weight, therefore, the drug “Amoxidev 15” when administered subcutaneously by toxicity can be classified as class VI substances relatively harmless (DL50 Subcut > 4500.0 mg/kg). When administered subcutaneously to white rats, the drug “Amoxidev 15” under conditions of subacute toxicological experiment in doses of 0.1–1.0 ml/kg does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, although 3-day administration of the drug in a dose 1.0 ml/kg body weight caused an increase in the activity of hepatospecific enzymes ALT and AST by 12.5 and 11.1 % (P < 0.05), respectively, relative to the control, which was restored to the control level 7 days after cessation.

scholarly journals Morphological Features Of The Immune Structures Of The Thin Intestine Of Laboratory Animals With Various Characters Of Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Khusanov Erkin ◽  
Ortikbaeva Nilufar ◽  
Korzhavov Sherali
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Digestive Tube

The nutritional nature of mammals, which has developed during a long evolution, leads to adaptive - morphological changes in their digestive tract and its immune structures, although the general laws of their structural organization are identical. The literature has data on the study of the immune structures of the small intestine under normal conditions and under the influence of certain factors. In the structure of immune structures there are numerous parallelisms, however, in each class of vertebrates, complication of this organization is achieved independently. The small intestine is an important section of the digestive tube, where the final chemical processing of the chyme and the absorption of nutrients into the body take place. However, the comparative morphology of the immune structures of the small intestine in mammals with different nutrition patterns remains poorly understood.

scholarly journals STUDY OF ANTIGENOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF THE ROSEHIP (ROSA MAJALIS HERRM.) OF THE FAMILY ROSACEAE

REPORTS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (336) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Zh. A. Zhonderbek ◽  
S. Zh. Kolumbayeva ◽  
A. V. Lovinskaya ◽  
N. Voronova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
The Family ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Combined Action

Increasing the body's resistance to various environmental pollutants' adverse effects is one of medicine's essential tasks. In this regard, an active search for antimutagens to eliminate or weaken mutagens' effect in the body is currently underway. One of the promising sources of antimutagenic compounds is the medicinal plant Rosa majalis Herrm (rosehips). The genotoxic and antigenotoxic activity of rosehips was studied on cells of bone marrow, spleen, liver, and kidneys of laboratory mice using an alkaline variant Comet assay. It was found that rosehip infusions in various concentrations (infusion, diluted infusion and herbal tea) do not have a genotoxic effect on the cells of the studied organs of laboratory animals. The medicinal rosehip's combined action with classical mutagen MMS significantly reduced (p<0.01) MMS-induced mutagenesis level. The various rosehip infusions used did not show statistically significant differences among themselves. The results obtained indicate the antigenotoxic activity of R. majalis infusions.

scholarly journals Aberrant Lighting Causes Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice but Curcumin Ameliorates the Symptoms

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2590
Author(s):  
Dhondup Namgyal ◽  
Kumari Chandan ◽  
Sher Ali ◽  
Ajaz Ahmad ◽  
Maha J. Hashim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Research Field ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Lighting Systems

In the modern research field, laboratory animals are constantly kept under artificial lighting conditions. However, recent studies have shown the effect of artificial light on animal behavior and metabolism. In the present study on mice, following three weeks of housing in dim light at night (dLAN; 5lux) and complete darkness (DD; 0lux), we monitored the effect on body weight, daily food intake, anxiety-like behavior by employing the open field test, and expression of the period (PER1) gene. We also studied the effect of oral administration of different concentrations of curcumin (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) for three weeks in the same mice and monitored these parameters. The exposure to dLAN had significantly increased the anxiety-like behavior and body weight possibly through the altered metabolism in mice, whereas exposure to DD caused increased anxiety but no significant difference in weight gain. Moreover, the expression of the PER1 gene involved in sleep was also found to be decreased in the aberrant light conditions (dLAN and DD). Although the treatment of curcumin had no effect on body weight, it ameliorated the anxiety-like behavior possibly by modulating the expression of the PER1 gene. Thus, alteration in the light/dark cycle had a negative effect on laboratory animals on the body weight and emotions of animals. The present study identifies the risk factors associated with artificial lighting systems on the behavior of laboratory animals and the ameliorative effects of curcumin, with a focus on anxiety-like behavior.

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