scholarly journals Research on Facade Components Design of Primary School Buildings in the humid tropics Based on Noise Insulation Performance and Natural Ventilation—Take Shenzhen Xinzhou Primary School as an example

2021 ◽  
Vol 768 (1) ◽  
pp. 012073
Author(s):  
Y Q Xiao ◽  
X F Fang ◽  
Y Lu ◽  
H K Lin
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Humid Tropics ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Insulation Performance

An Attempt to Improve Air Quality in Primary Schools

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Telejko ◽  
Ewa Zender-Swiercz
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Maximum Value

Most primary school buildings in Poland rely on natural ventilation. This fact is attributed to the age of these buildings constructed more than dozen or even several tens of years ago. Few of them were fitted with a mechanical ventilation system allowing for the adjustment of microclimate parameters. The national requirements for gravity ventilation provide general guidelines, specifying strict description only for the airtightness of windows and doors and the minimum airflow to be supplied to the rooms. The minimum airflow supplied is independent of the number of occupants and purpose of the room. Low indoor air quality (IAQ) can impact occupants’ health and lead to poor productivity or low academic performance. Therefore the provision of good IAQ in classrooms and laboratories is very important. This paper presents the results of the investigation devoted to the quality of indoor air in classrooms of selected Polish primary school. Six primary school in a town with a population of 200 000 inhabitants were involved in the investigations. The participating school buildings were built between 1976 and 1994 and had gravity ventilation systems. The variability of basic IAQ parameters, i.e., temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide level, was analysed and the assessment of the classrooms in terms of microbiological purity was performed. The outcomes confirmed the low quality of the indoor air in these buildings. The maximum value of CO2 concentration amounted to more than 4000 ppm. Certain modifications aimed at improving IAQ were proposed during the investigations. Two solutions were implemented. The results of this study indicate that the proposed solution offers the potential to improve IAQ within classrooms.

scholarly journals Winter Thermal Comfort and Perceived Air Quality: A Case Study of Primary Schools in Severe Cold Regions in China

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5958
Author(s):  
Fusheng Ma ◽  
Changhong Zhan ◽  
Xiaoyang Xu ◽  
Guanghao Li
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Cold Regions

In Northeast China, most classrooms in primary and secondary schools still use natural ventilation during cold days in winter. This study investigated the thermal comfort and the perceived air quality of children in primary schools in severe cold regions in China. Field measurements were conducted in four typical primary classrooms in two naturally ventilated teaching buildings in the winter of 2016 in the provincial city of Shenyang. Six field surveys were distributed to 141 primary students aged 8 to 11, and 835 valid questionnaires were collected. The results showed that the indoor temperature and the daily mean CO2 concentrations of the primary school classrooms ranged from 17.06 to 24.29 °C and from 1701 to 3959 ppm, respectively. The thermal neutral temperature of the primary school students was 18.5 °C, and the 90% thermal comfort temperature ranged from 17.3 to 20.1 °C. Children were able to respond to changes in indoor air quality, but there was no significant correlation between the children’s perceptions of air quality and the carbon dioxide levels in the classroom. In general, children have a lower comfort temperature than adults. In addition, children are more sensitive to temperature changes during the heating season than adults. Due to differences in thermal sensation between children and adults, the current thermal comfort standard based on adult data is not applicable to primary school buildings and children. The air quality evaluation during heating season indicates that it is necessary to add indoor air environment monitoring instruments and purification equipment to the naturally ventilated classrooms. At present and in the future, more research based on children’s data is needed to solve the indoor air environment problems in primary school buildings.

SEKOLAH DASAR ABAD-21 DENGAN METODE BAHASA POLA DAN METAFORA DALAM PENCIPTAAN RUANG BELAJAR KREATIF DI KELAPA GADING

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Natasha Kurnia Tishani ◽  
Rudy Trisno
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Pattern Language ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
The Future ◽  
The 19Th Century

The advancement of technology in the world is marked by the industrial revolution event. Indonesia has entered the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. This incident affects the way society dwell, slowly our lives have been dominated by technology and it is possible that in the future humans will be replaced by robots. We must developing soft skills that cannot be replaced by robots through our education. Indonesia’s education itself does not prepare the next generation to deal with this event. Starting from outdated curriculum,  teachers who are afraid to explore in teaching to school buildings that still adhere to the school system in the 19th century. The study of the discussion is how human dwell in the future in this case is to study, namely primary school buildings, which can accommodate teaching and learning activities with a curriculum that suits future needs. The design method used is in form of design stages, starting from Area Analysis; Investigation of selected sites; Proposed Program;  Design Analysis: Composition of mass and the concept of mass of buildings using the Metaphor Method; Project Zoning; Application of Pattern Language Methods and Structure and Building Materials. The result of this research is an elementary school architectural building that accmodate 21st century learning. Keywords:  creativity; education; metaphorical architecture; pattern langugae;primary school  Abstrak Kemajuan teknologi didunia ditandai dengan adanya peristiwa revolusi industri. Indonesia telah memasuki era revolusi industri 4.0. Peristiwa ini memengaruhi cara masyarakat berhuni, secara perlahan kehidupan kita telah didominasi dengan teknologi dan tidak menutup kemungkinan dimasa depan manusia akan digantikan dengan robot. Lalu, bagaimana kita sebagai manusia menghadapi ini ? yaitu mengembangkan softskill yang tidak bisa digantikan oleh robot melalui pendidikan kita. Pendidikan Indonesia tidak menyiapkan generasi selanjutnya untuk menghadapi perisitiwa ini. Berawal dari kurikulum yang sudah usang, lalu para guru yang takut untuk bereksplorasi dalam mengajar hingga bangunan sekolah yang masih menganut sistem sekolah di abad-19. Lingkup pembahasan laporan ini adalah bagaimana wadah berhuni manusia dimasa depan yaitu kegiatan menuntut ilmu, yaitu bangunan sekolah dasar, yang dapat mewadahi kegiatan pembelajaran dengan kurikulum masa depan. Metode perancangan yang digunakan adalah; a) Analisis Kawasan; b) Investigasi tapak terpilih; c) Usulan program; d) Analisis Perancangan : Gubahan massa dan Konsep Massa bangunan dengan Metode Arsitektur Metafora; d) Penzoningan Pada Proyek; e) Penerapan Metode Bahasa Pola dan f) Struktur dan Material Bangunan. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini berupa bangunan arsitektur sekolah dasar yang mewadahi kegiatan pembelajaran abad-21.

scholarly journals Strategies for school buildings refurbishment in Portuguese climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 18007
Author(s):  
Francisca Cavaleiro Barbosa ◽  
Vasco Peixoto de Freitas ◽  
Manuela Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Insulation Thickness ◽  
Free Running ◽  
Near Future

Portuguese school buildings are generally characterized by an in-service thermal discomfort, due to the poor envelope thermal properties and the lack of resources for paying energy consumption. Most Portuguese schools are free-running buildings with a natural ventilation strategy. Hundreds of high and basic schools have not been refurbished and still have problems or anomalies and inadequate in-service conditions and need to be rehabilitated in the near future. There will be, therefore, an opportunity to apply the acquired knowledge of comfort, habits, energy consumption and costs that have been studied since the last refurbishments (2008). This work studies the Portuguese Brandão schools model (from the ’70s), including about 100 non-refurbished basic schools. A prototype classroom was prepared in a Brandão school, in Porto. The in situ experimental campaign consisted of temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration and energy consumption measurements. The main tasks of this work are: (1) the validation of an advanced hygrothermal model with experimental measurements before and after the prototype refurbishment; (2) development of a sensitivity study in order to choose the best refurbishment and heating strategies for these buildings, regarding their typology, the local climate features and the actual capacity to support the operating costs; (3) assessment of the roof insulation thickness in Brandão schools; (4) quantification of discomfort indicators.

A multi-criteria approach to affordable energy-efficient retrofit of primary school buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 115046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Moazzen ◽  
Touraj Ashrafian ◽  
Zerrin Yilmaz ◽  
Mustafa Erkan Karagüler
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
School Buildings

Classrooms for the Future: ‘an adventure in design’ and research

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 244-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prue Chiles
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Classroom Design ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Classrooms For The Future ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk

In 2000, the UK Government Department for Education and Skills (DfES) piloted 27 new primary school projects around the country in an initiative called ‘Classrooms of the Future’. Starting with a polemical question: what is ‘a Classroom of the Future’?, it encouraged both a design-led approach and an exploration of where the theory of the classroom design meets teaching practice. David Miliband, the government minister involved, described the challenge as ‘designing inspiring buildings that can adapt to educational and technological change’ (DfES, 2002a). Chris Bissell from the DfES, the initiator of ‘Classrooms of the Future’ summed up his expectations: ‘to deliver the best and most effective education exploiting all the possibilities of the information age, school buildings need to reflect advances in technology. They need to provide a pleasant and comfortable environment for learning and to use architectural and design features to stimulate children's imaginations. And they need to be open to wider use, binding schools to their local communities.’ (DfES, 2002a)

scholarly journals Penilaian Kondisi Bangunan Gedung Sekolah Dasar Negeri Studi Kasus di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Se-Kabupaten Madiun

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Parmo Parmo ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Sucipto ◽  
Sumarkan Sumarkan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Quality ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Government ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Successful Education

Facilities and infrastructure are important elements to achieve the successful education and teaching process. The procurement of adequate and standardized buildings become an effort to comply with the minimum standards of infrastructure required by the government. This study focus on conducting an analyzis the damage level at State Primary School (SDN) buildings in Madiun regency.Building condition assessment conducted through a direct surveys and then proceed by weighting the data to obtain the level of damage categorized as good, minor, moderate and heavily damaged . Among the 431 of state primary school buildings surveyed, 36.53% of the classrooms in a minor damage while 25.42% others considered heavily damaged. For the teacher's office, 38.04% were in a minor damage, while 23.23% others considered heavily damaged. For  the library buildings, 38.14% of them considered in a minor damage and 24.53% others heavily damaged. For teacher latrines condition, 49.53% of teacher latrines considered heavily damaged, while 24.03% were moderate damage. While 49.82% of student latrines were heavily damaged and 23.49% others considered in a moderate damage.From the assessment, it can be concluded that the latrines facility repairment, both for teachers and students, should become top priority for the local government in the implementation of school quality improvement programs.buildings condition, level of damage, primary school building

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