Sun energy on natural drying of cucumber and radish

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.f.) crop has markedly increased in Spain, and “Rojo Brillante” persimmon is the main cultivated variety. This astringent cultivar requires de-astringency treatment before commercialization, which may involve an extra cost. Its short commercial season implies handling large volumes of fruits with consequent postharvest losses. Therefore, the development of derived added-value products is of much interest. In this study, astringent and non-astringent “Rojo Brillante” persimmons were dehydrated by following a natural drying method used in Asia. The drying kinetics and physico-chemical properties were analyzed for 81 days. The results indicated subsequent reductions in weight, water content, and water activity throughout the drying process, and the equatorial diameter decreased. All the employed thin-layer mathematical models were suitable for representing the drying characteristics of both products with similar behavior. The effective water diffusivity values were 5.07 × 10−11 m2 s−1 and 6.07 × 10−11 m2 s−1 for astringent and non-astringent persimmon samples, respectively. The drying treatment significantly decreased the soluble tannins content, and the astringent samples obtained similar values to those obtained for the non-astringent samples in 20 days. The external and internal flesh of the astringent fruit remained orange through the drying period, while brown coloration in the non-astringent fruit was observed after 57 drying days. Therefore, prior de-astringency treatment would not be necessary.

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Simulation of natural drying kinetics of carrot (Daucus carota L) on thickness variation

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/782/3/032086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 782 (3) ◽

pp. 032086

Author(s):

B Haryanto ◽

T R F Sinuhaji ◽

E A Tarigan ◽

M B Tarigan ◽

N A Br Sitepu

Keyword(s):

Daucus Carota ◽

Drying Kinetics ◽

Thickness Variation ◽

Daucus Carota L ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Natural Drying

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Influence of supercritical and natural drying methods on structure and properties of porous silicon

Chinese Science Bulletin ◽

10.1007/bf02887409 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 814-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dongsheng Xu ◽

Guolin Guo ◽

Linlin Gui ◽

Youqi Tang ◽

Bairui Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Porous Silicon ◽

Drying Methods ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Natural Drying

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Prospects for optimizing the drying process of Virginia 202 tobacco leaves

New Technologies ◽

10.47370/2072-0920-2021-17-1-70-77 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 70-77

Author(s):

E. Е. Ulyanchenko ◽

N. N. Vinevskaya

Keyword(s):

Quality Indicators ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Control Sample ◽

Physical Method ◽

Cost Effective ◽

High Energy ◽

Drying Process ◽

Drying Time ◽

Apply Physical ◽

Natural Drying

Cultivation and use of Virginia 202 broadleaf skeletal variety for the production of smoking tobacco has broad prospects. Problems of post-harvest processing of large leaves with a massive midrib consist in high energy costs with an artificial drying method or the provision of facilities for long-term natural drying. The aim of the research is to apply physical method of cutting the leaf midrib to intensify drying and to determine the effect of this technique on the quality indicators of raw materials. It has been found that the technique of cutting the midrib on the Virginia 202 variety contributes to a significant optimization of the drying process without reducing the quality of raw materials. The drying time of leaves with the combined method is reduced by 2,8 times, with the natural method – by 2,3 times, and the quality indicators of raw materials improve. Commercial quality is characterized by the yield of 1 commercial grade, for combined drying the yield of 1 grade has increased in comparison with the control sample by 27% and amounted to 86,5%, with natural drying – the increase in yield is 4%. Cutting the midrib increases the fiber yield by 3–5% and contributes to an increase in the volumetric-elastic properties of the fiber, providing an economical consumption of raw materials for the production of smoking articles, the consumption is 676,8–753,8 g/1000 pcs. The gustatory quality improves, raw materials with a cut midrib have optimal values of the ratio of carbohydrate-protein balance in the range of 1,08–1,5, the strength is preserved due to the lower consumption of nicotine during the shorter drying period, in comparison with drying the leaf without cutting the midrib. Cutting the midrib in Virginia 202 is cost effective.

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Improving aerobic sludge granulation in sequential batch reactor by natural drying: Effluent sludge recovery and feeding back into reactor

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 242 ◽

pp. 125159 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jun Liu ◽

Jun Li ◽

Dong Xu ◽

Balasubramanian Sellamuthu

Keyword(s):

Batch Reactor ◽

Sequential Batch Reactor ◽

Sludge Granulation ◽

Aerobic Sludge ◽

Natural Drying

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INTERRELAÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS AGRONÔMICOS E FÍSICOS DE CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE Maytenus ilicifolia, Mart. ex. Reiss (ESPINHEIRA-SANTA) COMO INSUMO PARA A INDÚSTRIA FARMACÊUTICA

Visão Acadêmica ◽

10.5380/acd.v4i2.525 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gianna Maria CIRIO ◽

Luiz DONI FILHO ◽

Marilis Dallarmi MIGUEL ◽

Obdulio Gomes MIGUEL ◽

Sandra Maria Warumby ZANIN

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Organic Material ◽

Native Plant ◽

Maytenus Ilicifolia ◽

Natural Drying

Maytenus ilicifolia, Mart. ex Reiss. (Celastraceae) planta nativa no Brasil é conhecida popularmente como espinheira-santa. Suas folhas são de amplo uso no tratamento de gastrites, úlceras e outras desordens de estômago, sendo comparado com dois medicamentos Ranitidina e Cimetidina. Este trabalho teve como objetivo relacionar a incidência de pragas, deficiências nutricionais e qualidade do produto final. A espinheira-santa pode apresentar incidência de insetos-praga entre eles da ordem Homoptera, superfamília Coccoidea, dos grupos de cochonilhas com proteção, de difícil controle e que são encontrados em plantas dispersas em áreas cultivadas. A qualidade vegetal encontra apoio em parâmetros físicos que são avaliados como a porcentagem de matéria orgânica estranha, a umidade e o teor de cinzas total e insolúveis em ácido. Das folhas de espinheirasanta submetidas a secagem natural foram selecionadas três frações: (01) constituída do total, secas e armazenadas por 40 dias; (02) constituída a partir da fração 01, da qual selecionou-se as folhas com incidência de cochonilhas e (03) constituída a partir da fração 01, das folhas sem incidência de cochonilhas, as quais foram submetidas à avaliações. Foi realizada coleta de amostras dos solos das áreas cultivadas em que plantas de espinheira-santa se apresentavam sem e com cochonilhas. As folhas contaminadas apresentaram resultados de aumento na umidade de toda droga armazenada e reprovaram a droga quanto aos parâmetros físicos de umidade e matéria orgânica estranha, alterando o odor e teor de cinzas. INTERRELATION BETWEEN AGRICULTURAL AND PHISICS PARAMETERS OF QUALITY CONTROL OF Maytenus ilicifolia, Mart. ex. Reiss (ESPINHEIRA-SANTA) AS FARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY INSUME Abstract Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reiss. (Celastraceae) is a native plant in Brazil popularly known as espinheirasanta. Their leaves are widely used in treatment of gastritis, ulcers and other gastric disorders, compared with two medicines Ranitidine and Cimetidine. This work had the objective to relate plague incidence, nutritionalincidence from Homoptera order, Coccoidea superfamily, groups of scales with protection, with hard control and that are found in disperses plants in cultivated area. The vegetal quality found support in physics parameters that are evaluated as: strange organic material, humidity and total and insoluble acid ash. From espinheira-santa leaves submitted to natural drying were selected three fractions: (01) constituted from the total, dried and stored for 40 days; (02) from the (01) fraction that were constituted of the leaves with scales and (03) constituted from the (01) fraction without scales, that are submitted to evaluation. Were caught samples soils from cultivated area were espinheira-santa plants presented with and without scales. The contaminated leaves presented results of elevation in humidity in all stored material and reproved the drug all that physics parameters as humidity, strange organic material, changing smell and ash grade.

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Field monitoring of ripening of dredged material at three sites in the Netherlands (preliminary results)

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1998.0774 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 37 (6-7) ◽

pp. 371-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. de Haan ◽

K. J. Otten ◽

J. J. M. Heynen ◽

H. Folkerts ◽

M. Elsman

Keyword(s):

Mineral Oil ◽

Monitoring Programme ◽

Dredged Material ◽

Drying Process ◽

Ripening Process ◽

Calibration And Validation ◽

Input And Output ◽

Clayey Material ◽

Leaching Characteristics ◽

Natural Drying

Ripening of dredged material in a deposit is a natural ‘drying’ process by which raw dredged material transforms into soil. The aim of ripening is to obtain soil which complies with environmental legislations and geotechnical specifications for application in earthworks (e.g. dikes, noise reduction banks, landfill covers). The paper deals with the background and contents of a monitoring programme on the ripening behaviour of clayey, peaty, and sandy dredged material, and changes in chemical composition, especially of organic compouds, and leaching characteristics during ripening. The main objectives of the monitoring programme are (1) to develop a management system for the ripening process, (2) to quantify the input and output volumes of dredged material, and (3) to develop guidelines for the design of (transit) deposits. The results of the monitoring programme will also be used for calibration and validation of a computer model on ripening. Prelimanary results on ripening of clayey material and biodegration of PAH and mineral oil are presented. On the basis of these results it is expected that large volumes of slightly to moderately contaminated dredged material are suitable for beneficial use after ripening.

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Release Behaviors of Arsenic and Heavy Metals from Arsenic Sulfide Sludge during Simulated Storage

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min9020130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 130 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Liwei Yao ◽

Xiaobo Min ◽

Yong Ke ◽

Yunyan Wang ◽

Yanjie Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Oxidation Process ◽

Ferrous Metal ◽

Environmental Risks ◽

Arsenic Sulfide ◽

Drying Process ◽

Secondary Pollution ◽

Release Ratio ◽

Natural Drying

Non-ferrous metal smelting enterprises produce hundreds of thousands of tons of arsenic sulfide sludge (ASS) each year in China. Most of the ASS are stored at the companies without enough preventive measures. During the storage and natural drying process, arsenic sulfide is easily oxidized, thereby causing secondary pollution and increasing environmental risks. In this paper, experiments of simulated storage were used to study the release characteristics of heavy metals. During the simulated storage, the release concentrations of As, Pb, and Cd increased rapidly at first and then slowly. Although the total amount of arsenic released was the largest, the release ratio was in the order of Cd > Pb > As. The effects of different atmospheres and conditions on the release of arsenic and heavy metals were explored. The more the H2SO4 in the sludge, the higher the release concentration, and the addition of an appropriate amount of Ca(OH)2 is beneficial for reducing the release of heavy metals. Finally, SEM, XRD and TG-DTG techniques were carried out to confirm that the release of heavy metals was caused by the oxidation process resulting from the residual H2SO4 in the ASS and the air.

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Electrohydrodynamic, oven and natural drying of mint leaves and effects on the physiochemical indices of the leaves

Research in Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.17221/21/2020-rae ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 89-96

Author(s):

Chibuzo Nwankwo ◽

Chigozie Francis Okoyeuzu ◽

Ikpeama Ahamefula

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Food Waste ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Efficiency Performance ◽

Natural Drying

The efficiency of three modified plastic digesters (3.6 m3 each) using food waste for biogas generation in cooking food was evaluated. The experiment was laid out based on a completely randomised design. A plastic tank was modified as a biodegradation system for food waste digestion to generate a biogas. The biochemical and chemical oxygen demand ranged from 44.58 to 49.62% and 130.42 to 139.20%, respectively, before digestion, but decreased significantly (P < 0.05) after digestion. The pH of the fermenting slurry fluctuated (6.24–6.86) and an average biogas of 0.574 m3 (505–601 L·day–1) per day was generated from the three experimental waste proportions which would be sufficient to cook three meals per day for 3 to 4 people. The methane gas significantly increased (P < 0.05) while the carbon-dioxide significantly decreased (P < 0.05) at the peak of the biogas production. The generated biogas significantly cooked (P < 0.05) faster than kerosene, but not faster than liquefied petroleum gas. The flammable biogas generation and high significant (P <0.05) percentage change in the physico-chemical properties of the wastes after digestion implied high efficiency performance of the digesters modified from the plastic tanks.

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