scholarly journals Spring vetch Mega mixed crops productivity at different seeding rates

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
K A Matveenko ◽  
A V Goncharov ◽  
A V Mednov ◽  
A A Volpe ◽  
E S Kruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Mixed Crops

Abstract Spring vetch is the most well-known annual legume forage crop. With the cultivation and application of various methods and terms of harvesting crops, not only for green fodder and hay, but also for haylage, silage, grain-growing, the requirements for the quality of the mown mass were reduced, but the need to create non-growing crops suitable for machine harvesting increased. In the gene pool of spring vetch, there are no forms with a strong, resistant to lodging stem, so the only way to solve the problem is to support the supporting culture. According to the results of research for two years, for the cultivation of vetch for green mass, the best option is vetch mixed with oats with a seeding rate of 1.2 million vetch, oats of 3 million germinating seeds per hectare. For grain cultivation, the best option is a mixture of vetch and oats with a seeding rate of 1.8 million and 3 million germinating seeds, respectively. For obtaining a grain crop for seed-growing purposes, the best option for two years of research is vetch mixed with spring wheat with a seeding rate of 1.8 and 3 million germinating seeds per hectare.

scholarly journals Competitive ability of grain-forage varieties of spring vetch when grown in a mixture with rapeseed

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
A.V. Bezgodov ◽  
K.A. Galimov ◽  
V.F. Akhmetkhanov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Mixed Crops ◽  
Arable Land Use

The object of the research is to study the influence of the method of growing mown and grain-forage varieties of spring vetch in mixed crops with spring rapeseed on the seed yield and crop structure. Indicators that characterize productivity, intensity of arable land use, competitiveness and aggressiveness of crops are considered. Sowing spring vetch with a seeding rate of 1.3, 0.8, 0.6 and 0.4 million germinating seeds per hectare mixed with rapeseed leads to the formation of a grain crop that significantly exceeds the yield for single-species vetch sowing. Evaluation of Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) shows that when using vetch-rapeseed crops, the productivity of 1 ha of arable land increases from 1.38 to 1.98 times, while both the influence of varietal specificity and the seeding rate of the legume component is manifested. The efficiency of arable land use increases due to the interaction of both crops and increasing their competitiveness in the agrocenosis. In the conditions of the Middle Urals, high efficiency of vetch cultivation in mixed crops with rapeseed was revealed, and the influence of changes in the seeding rate on the yield of spring vetch seeds was established.

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРИЙОМІВ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЯКОСТІ ЗЕРНА ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ В УМОВАХ ПІВНІЧНОГО СТЕПУ

2014 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
В. І. Козечко
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Spring Rape

Результати проведених експериментальних дослі-джень свідчать, що за вирощування різних сортівпшениці озимої після ріпаку ярого в умовах північногоСтепу України одержання найбільш якісного зерна(третього класу якості) забезпечує сівба 25 вереснята 5 жовтня. Сівба 5 та 15 вересня забезпечувалаодержання зерна, здебільшого, п’ятого й четвертогокласів якості. Із-поміж досліджуваних сортів пше-ниці озимої найбільшим вмістом білку (11,2–13,0 %) іклейковини (17,5–22,7 %) у зерні вирізнявся сорт Се-лянка. Найменшими ці показники були у сорту Подо-лянка – 10,6–12,5 та 17,1–21,9 % відповідно. Об¢ємхліба, отриманого з борошна пшениці озимої сортуСелянка, був найвищим. Так, у середньому за 2008–2010 рр. він коливався від 495 см3 за сівби 5 вереснянормою висіву 4 млн схожих насінин/га до 612 см3 засівби 5 жовтня цією ж нормою. Встановлено впливнорм висіву насіння на показники якості зерна. Так,найвищий вміст білку і клейковини в зерні, а такожоб’єм хліба відмічено на варіантах досліду, де сівбупроводили нормою 4 млн схожих насінин/га. Збіль-шення норми висіву призводило до зменшення данихпоказників. У середньому за роки досліджень найвищуврожайність формував сорт Селянка (4,89 т/га) засівби 25 вересня нормою 5 млн схожих насінин/га.Максимальну врожайність рослини сорту Золотоко-лоса – 4,20 та 4,19 т/га – формували, відповідно, засівби 5 жовтня нормою 6 млн схожих насінин/га та 25вересня нормою висіву 5 млн схожих насінин/га. Най-нижчу серед сортів урожайність формував сортПодолянка, що коливалася за період проведення до-сліджень у межах 2,99–3,75 т/га. Results of the conducted pilot researches testify that at cultivation of various sorts of wheat winter after a spring rape in the conditions of the northern Steppe of Ukraine, receiving the most qualitative grain, the third class of quality, provides sowing on 25 September and on 5 October. Sowing on 5 and 15 September provided grain, generally the fifth and fourth classes of quality. Among sorts of wheat winter which were studied in the experiences, the greatest protein content (11,2–13,0%) and glutens (17,5–22,7%) in grain Selyank's sort differed. The smallest Podolyank's sort of – 10,6–12,5 and 17,1–21,9% had these indicators respectively. The volume of the bread received from a flour of wheat of winter of a sort of Selyanka, was the highest. So, on the average for 2008–2010 it fluctuated from 495 cm3 when sowing on 5 September seeding rate of 4 million units germinating seeds/ha to 612 cm3 when sowing on 5 October the same norm. Influence of seeding rate on indicators of quality of grain is established. So, high protein content and glutens in grain, and also the volume of bread are noted on experience options where sowing carried out norm of 4 million units germinating seeds/ha. The increase in seeding rate led to reduction of these indicators. Average, over years of research, the highest yield sort Selyanka formed (4,89 t per ha) when sowing on 25 September norm of 5 million units germinating seeds/ha. The maximum productivity of a plant of a grade of Zolotokolosa – 4,20 and 4,19 t per ha formed, respectively, when sowing on 5 October norm of 6 million units germinating seeds/ha and on 25 September seeding rate of 5 million units germinating seeds/ha. The low among grades productivity was formed by a sort of Podolyanka at which it fluctuated, during carrying out researches, within 2,99–3,75 t per ha.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers and seeding rates on the yield and quality of spring wheat grain

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Dmitry Aleksandrovich Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Germinating Seeds

The article presents the results of field research conducted in 2018-2019 on leached Chernozem of the Volga forest-steppe. The objects of research are varieties of spring wheat-Tulaykovskaya 10, Yoldyz and Tulaykovskaya 108. At different seeding rates of 5.0 and 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha, the effect of mineral fertilizers on 1 ha was studied. They were represented by a complete mineral fertilizer (azofoska) and fertilizing with a mineral nitrogen fertilizer in the tillering phase at doses of 30, 60 and 90 kg of AD/ha against this background. Analysis of the yield of spring wheat varieties indicates that the harvest of grain variety Yoldyz in variants with a seeding rate of 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha against the background of the application of ammonium nitrate at a dose of 60 kg of DA (2.52 t/ha) was superior to other varieties Tulaykovskaya 10 and Tulaykovskaya 108 (2.51 and 2.46 t/ha). The maximum increase in seed productivity when adding ammonium nitrate in the tillage phase of the crop was in Tulaykovskaya 10 variety (0.34 t/ha), the lowest in the Yoldyz variety (0.06 t/ha) compared to the variant with amofoska application in the pre-sowing cultivation. When increasing the doses of nitrogen fertilizers there was an increase in the water content of all the studied varieties by 1-3 PCs. While increasing the seeding rate from 5.0 to 5.5 million germinating seeds per 1 ha the number of grains in the ear changed on average for varieties by 1-2 PCs. Of all the studied varieties, the largest mass of 1,000 grains was in the Yoldyz variety (40.56 g) after azofoska application in the presowing cultivation + N60 during tillering at a seeding rate of 5.0 million germinating seeds per 1 ha, the smallest in the Tulaykovskaya 108 variety (37.87 g) after azofoska application at a dose of 0.15 t/ha at a seeding rate of 5.0 million   germinating seeds per 1 ha.

scholarly journals Effect of sowing aggregates on sowing quality of spring soft wheat (the case of moderate dry-forest steppe, Altai region)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
V. I. Belyaev ◽  
L. V. Sokolova ◽  
V. N. Kuznetsov ◽  
A. V. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat

<p>In this article, we proposed a rationale for choosing the seeding aggregates to improve the quality of ordinary spring wheat sowing in the moderate arid steppe of the Altai Territory. We determined the actual values and variability of spring wheat sowing quality indicators when different sowing units were used. A comparative evaluation of sowing aggregates was made on the basis of a generalized parameter that characterizes the quality of sowing taking into account their equalization. The study compared the following technologies and seeding machines: direct seeding with the use of the EPPK-2.5 complex; zero technology (No-Till) with sowing complex Condor; traditional technology of cultivation of crops with autumn processing with PG-3-5 gun, presowing processing of APK-7.2 and sowing of SZP-3.6A. The compared variants were randomly located, the sowing was carried out in the third decade of May, the rate of sowing was 5 million virgin grains per hectare, spring soft wheat "Altai 70". Determination of quality parameters of sowing (depth of seeding, the number of plants, plant height and their statistics) were conducted in the 2nd decade of June. During 2013-2016, SZP-3.6A crops had the advantage from the number of shoot and it was 346.1 pcs / m2, which is by 1.84 and 2.34 times was higher than Condor and EPPK-2.5 respectively. The height of plants also had an advantage of SZP-3,6A – 282.6 mm, which was higher by 25.4 mm and 71.2 mm than in Condor and EPPK-2.5 respectively. Each indicator of the quality of sowing was characterized by fluctuated magnitude. High coefficient of variation indicated low quality of sowing. We calculated the equalization coefficient for each parameter to assess the uniformity of crops performed by each machine. The SZP-3,6A seeder exceeded the compared seeding complexes for all three parameters, which indicated higher seed uniformity than Condor and EPPK-2.5. Comparative evaluation of the seeding machines Condor and EPPK-2.5 was ambiguous. At the seeding unit EPPK-2.5, the leveling factor was 12.3% higher than in Condor, the seeding rate was 17.8% lower in comparison with Condor, and the plant height was insignificantly (by 2.1%) lower than Condor.</p><p>We suggested a generalized leveling factor to evaluate the sowing aggregates in terms of the quality of sowing, i.e. radius vector drawn up to point A, characterized by the coordinates A (depth of embankment, number of sprouts, and plant height). A better seeding was obtained with the SZP-3.6 A seeding unit (84.2%). The lowest quality parameters for sowing were obtained from the seeding complex EPPK-2.5 (75.9%). Crops with this complex were characterized by the greatest uneven quality of sowing, which requires a correct justification for both the sowing rate, the method of sowing and the width of the rows of cultivated crops according to the technology applied to specific conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Productivity and grain quality of various types of spring wheat depending on seeding rates and nutrition background on gray forest soil of the Pre-Kama Region of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00076
Author(s):  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Razil Garaev ◽  
Ahmet Akköprü
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Germinating Seeds

The results of two–year (2018–2019) studies on the effect of various seeding rates and nutritional backgrounds on the yield and grain quality of two types of spring wheat – soft wheat and emmer wheat (spelt) – are considered. The agrochemical characteristic of the gray forest soil of the experimental plot is as follows: the humus content in the layer of 0–20 cm was 2.9–3.4 % (Tyurin method), mobile phosphorus amount was 176–241 mg, exchange potassium amount was 77–109 mg/kg of soil (Kirsanov method). The degree of saturation with bases was 85.2–87.7 %, the pH of the salt extract was 5.6–5.8. Agrometeorological conditions of 2018–2019, on the whole, met the requirements for early spring crop seeding, HTC (hydrothermal coefficient) was 0.85–1.2. Two levels of mineral nutrition were studied in the experiment (natural background, without fertilizing, NRK for the planned grain yield of 3 t/ha), four seeding rates against each nutrition background: 4, 5, 6 and 7 million germinating seeds per 1 ha. The seedling completeness in both types of wheat over an average of 2 years depended on the seeding rate, regardless of the background of nutrition. In soft wheat of Ulyanovskaya 105 variety, against a natural background, with an increase in the sowing rate from 4 to 7 million germinating seeds per ha, the seedling completeness decreased and amounted to from 82.5 to 76.3 %, in spelt, it was 84.7–78.6 %. On a fertilized ground it was, respectively, 83.4–78.0 and 84.1–77.6 %. Good preservation of plants in both types of wheat from the number of sown seeds and seedlings was noted when the sowing rate was reduced from 7 to 4 million: without fertilizer 82.6–88.5 % in common wheat and 83.5–90.4 % of spelt. On a fertilized ground it amounted, respectively, to 84.3–90.5 and 86.5–92.3 %. Changes in nutritional background by introducing calculated doses of mineral fertilizers for all options with seeding rates on average for 2018–2019 yielded an increase in soft wheat by 0.94 tons of grain per hectare and by 0.61 tons of spelt. The highest conversion efficiency of fertilizers at a sowing rate of 6 million in common wheat was 8.1 kg of grain per 1 kg of a.a., for spelt at a sowing rate of 4 million the figure was 5.6 kg per 1 kg of a.a.

scholarly journals POTENSI PENGGUNAAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS SORGUM MANIS (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) SEBAGAI TANAMAN PAKAN

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Mustikoweni Purnomohadi
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Sugar Alcohol ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Potential Use

Sweet sorghum is a versatile crop that can be used as grain crop, sugar alcohol production and even as forage crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of sweet sorghum either as grain crop or forage crop. The experiment used four varieties of sweet sorghum: Rio, Cawley, Keller and Wray, which were planted in polybag with six replication using Completely Randomized Design. The result of the research showed that Keller and Wray had longer vegetative growth, and good quality of chemical composition for forage than Rio and Cawley.

scholarly journals Seeding Rate Effects on Hybrid Spring Wheat Yield, Yield Components and Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Peder K. Schmitz ◽  
Joel K. Ransom
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
End Use

Agronomic practices, such as planting date, seeding rate, and genotype, commonly influence hard red spring wheat (HRSW, Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) production. Determining the agronomic optimum seeding rate (AOSR) of newly developed hybrids is needed as they respond to seeding rates differently from inbred cultivars. The objectives of this research were to determine the AOSR of new HRSW hybrids, how seeding rate alters their various yield components, and whether hybrids offer increased end-use quality, compared to conventional cultivars. The performance of two cultivars (inbreds) and five hybrids was evaluated in nine North Dakota environments at five seeding rates in 2019−2020. Responses to seeding rate for yield and protein yield differed among the genotypes. The AOSR ranged from 3.60 to 5.19 million seeds ha−1 and 2.22 to 3.89 million seeds ha−1 for yield and protein yield, respectively. The average AOSR for yield for the hybrids was similar to that of conventional cultivars. However, the maximum protein yield of the hybrids was achieved at 0.50 million seeds ha−1 less than that of the cultivars tested. The yield component that explained the greatest proportion of differences in yield as seeding rates varied was kernels spike−1 (r = 0.17 to 0.43). The end-use quality of the hybrids tested was not superior to that of the conventional cultivars, indicating that yield will likely be the determinant of the economic feasibility of any future released hybrids.

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