scholarly journals Basic tillage techniques in the sunflower cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
Yu N Pleskachev ◽  
V Yu Misyuryaev ◽  
N I Semina ◽  
D V Semin ◽  
M A Sadovnikov
Keyword(s):  
Correct Choice ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Tillage Method

Abstract In the arid conditions of the Nizhneje Pvovolzhje region, the farmers’ main task is to accumulate the greatest amount of moisture by the sowing crops time. This is largely facilitated by the correct choice of the basic tillage method. The results of the research carried out on Southern chestnut soils 2017-2019 were aimed at solving a complex of problems related to the development of the technology adapted to the conditions of the Volgograd region. The soil density observations in sunflower crops showed that the soil density during dump plowing by the plow PN-4-35 to the depth of 0.27-0.30 m for sunflower harvesting was 1.24 t/m3. With loosening by chisel “Rancho” to the depth of 0.35-0.37 m it was equal to 1.21 t/m3. When loosening by chisel “Rancho” to the depth of 0.35-0.37 m with a reservoir turnover of 0.15-0.17 m3 the density was 1.16 t/m3. When loosening by the chisel “Rancho” to the depth of 0.35-0.37 m with a pruning flat-cutting foot at the depth of 0.15-0.17 m it was 1.18 t/m3. The highest yield of sunflower was formed on the variant of chisel loosening by “Rancho” to the depth of 0.35-0.37 m with a reservoir turnover of 0.15-0.17 m.

scholarly journals Mycobiota features of aphyllophorales mushrooms in arid conditions of the south-east Euroopean Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 00027
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Kuragina
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Volgograd Region

An analysis of the biota of the aphyllophorales mushrooms carried out in the territory of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain natural park within the Volgograd region. Based on the results of the conducted researches, 170 species of the study group are noted in the park. The great majority of identified species are saprotrophs on dead fallen wood. The largest number of species was found on Quercus robur, Populus alba, P. nigra и Fraxinus lanceolata. The largest number mushrooms ecological groups for moisture are mesophiles and xerophiles, which is typical for the arid zone.

Corn productivity on irrigated meadow-chestnut soils depending on tillage method and fertilizer dose

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-235
Author(s):  
N. R. Magomedov ◽  
S. A. Teimurov ◽  
A. A. Teimurov ◽  
M. M. Alichaev ◽  
A. A. Aitdemirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Corn Productivity ◽  
Tillage Method

scholarly journals Efficiency of use of microelements in cultivation of sweet pepper during irrigation in the subzone of light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Elena Vladimirovna Kalmykova
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Manganese Sulfate ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Sowing Seed

The results of studies of scientifically grounded use of microelements in sweet pepper crops, as an important factor in increasing the yield of vegetable crops and improving the quality of products, are presented. The purpose of our research was to substantiate the influence of the use of trace elements in the technology of sweet pepper cultivation on the growth and development of plants, the productivity and quality of the products of this culture. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2014-2019 in the subzone of light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. Experiments on the study of trace elements were carried out by pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar feeding of plants. Chemically pure compounds of manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate, boric acid were used as microelements. The use of trace elements in the dry-steppe zone of the Lower Volga region is an important agricultural technique that helps to accelerate growth, development, increase productivity and improve the quality of pepper fruits. It is recommended to carry out pre-sowing treatment of seeds with solutions of boric acid (0.29 g / 1 l of water), copper sulfate (0.20 g / 1 l of water) and manganese sulfate (0.16 g / 1 l of water) (the ratio of the weight of seeds to the solution 1: 2) as a way to increase seed vitality, speed up yield and improve seedling quality. In order to increase the yield and improve the quality during the budding period of peppers, it is necessary to carry out foliar dressing, first of all, with solutions of boric acid (0.29 g / 1 l of water), ammonium molybdenum (0.10 g / 1 l of water), water consumption 1 l / 10 m2. Due to its high efficiency, simplicity and availability, pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar feeding of plants with microelements will find wide application in vegetable growing.

scholarly journals FACTORS OF FIRE HAZARD OF ELECTRICITY-GENERATING EQUIPMENT

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
I. P. Kravets ◽  
O. I. Bashynskiy ◽  
A. P. Kushnir ◽  
O. V. Shapovalov
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Generating Equipment

The article deals with the problems of fire hazard of electricity-generating equipment during their exploitation. Intensive electrification of industrial and residual objects leads to the saturation of these objects with different electricity-generating equipment. Functioning of such equipment is accompanied with high heat emission and contains significant fire hazard. The electric current in an electrical conductor produces heat, when electric energy turns into thermal. All electrical equipment must be produced in strict adherence to fire safety rules and requirements. Ignoring these requirements causes heating of conductors through all the length, spunking of isolation, sparkling and, as a result, breaking-out of fire. Therefore, reducing the probability of fire even in the cases of abnormal work, wrong exploitation and foreseen refuses is the main task during planning and exploitation of electrical equipment and also during selection of structural materials. The primary purpose of fire prevention measures in the electrical equipment is avoiding of its self-ignition, and localization of fire after the self-ignition of electricity-generating equipment. Fire safety during exploitation of electricity-generating equipment depends on its technical state. Correct choice of conductor cross section is very important. Protection stage of electrical equipment, type of wiring, and cable laying method must comply with environmental conditions and have the proper climatic implementation and placement category. Proper protective devices from a short circuit and overloads must be used. Their operating values must be also foreseen. All above-mentioned measures prevent fires and explosions during exploitation of electrical equipment. Key

scholarly journals Estimation of the parameters of fruiting of subtropical and nut crops in the “genotype – environment” mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 207 (04) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Aliya Huzhahmetova ◽  
Viktoriya Semenyutina
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. Purpose is to assess the parameters of fruiting introduced subtropical and nut crops in the “genotype-environment” mode to substantiate the expansion of the cultivation areas of economically important plants with the enrichment of dendroflora and the formation of multipurpose plantings in the Volgograd region. The objects of research are species and varieties of various arealogical origin and grow in the conditions of chestnut soils (cadastral numbers of sites 34:36:0000:14:0178; 34:34:000000:122; 34:34:060061:10). Methods. The limits of tolerance of species, varieties and limiting factors of their growth were carried out on the basis of an analysis of the experience of introduction of the studied genera Zizyphus and Corylus in Russia and abroad. An active experiment was applied to identify winter and drought resistance by the nature of flowering. The assessment of the influence of the state of the environment on the stability of fruiting of the varietal diversity of subtropical (Zizyphus) and nut crops (Corylus) was carried out by the method of cluster analysis. Results and scope. Within the limits of artificial and natural habitats, the following are determined: ecological plasticity and reproductive ability of shrubs, taking into account climatic conditions. During the study period, severely arid (2010, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019) and hydrologically favorable (2014, 2016, 2018) conditions for the growth and development of introduced shrubs were identified. The stability of morphological parameters of Corylus L. fruits by absolute values was established. In favorable years, the plants of Cherkesskiy-2 were characterized by good fruiting (full-value fruits about 75 %), other varieties are inferior in terms of fruiting stability. Fruiting is satisfactory (about 50 % of full fruit). It has been established that small-fruited plant varieties Z. jujubа on chestnut soils have a good quality index from 66.1 to 97.2 %. Medium fruit varieties had a low (28.4–42.6 %) indicator of good quality. The lowest (4.5–9.8%) indicator of good quality was observed in Ta-yang-tszao, Yuzhanin (large-fruited). The data obtained on the characteristics of the fruiting of shrubs Z. jujuba, C. pontica make it possible to substantiate stress-resistant varieties as components of multipurpose artificial plantations on degraded lands. Scientific novelty: A cluster analysis of the assessment and forecast of the parameters of fruiting for the targeted selection of promising economically important plants based on their ecological plasticity in arid conditions is proposed.

scholarly journals Onion yield and its dependence on plant density in vegetable crop rotations on Ergenin Upland chestnut soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
N I Matveeva ◽  
V P Zvolinsky ◽  
N Yu Petrov ◽  
V A Zaitsev
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Competitive Test ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Abstracts. The years of experiment were from 2016…2020 in a farm on the Ergenin Upland chestnut soils in Volgograd region. The experiments were placed in five fields of vegetable crop rotation with the total area of 165 ha. During the presented period, a competitive test was carried out to identify the most productive samples of onions. The objects of the study were samples -the zoned variety Volgodonets (control variety) of domestic selection, hybrids of foreign selection Pandero F1, Benefit F1, Valero F1, Manas F1. It was found that hybrids give more than twice the yield over the control variety in almost all the variants. But the most optimal and more productive in all cases proved to be option No. 2 hybrid Benefit F1 with the parameters: the seeding rate of 1,000,000 pcs of seeds per hectare with viability of 97.31%, which provided for harvesting 973,100 plants per hectare and achieved a yield of 143.41 t/ha on average for repetitions in 2020. Thus, we can conclude that the seeding rate is 1,000,000 pcs of seeds per hectare in the conditions of chestnut soils of the Ergenin Upland is optimal in the conditions of the existing agricultural technology.

scholarly journals Ecological trial of the winter wheat varieties of the ARC “Donskoy” in the area of dark chestnut soils of the Volgograd region

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
V. L. Sapunkov ◽  
A. V. Solonkin ◽  
A. V. Guzenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The current paper has presented the trial results of the winter wheat varieties developed by the ARC “Donskoy” in 2018 -2020. Currently, the farmers have bred a lot of different wheat varieties, but they are not able to take into account all the peculiarities of their cultivation. The purpose of the current work was to study the features of the autumn and spring-summer vegetation periods of the winter wheat varieties developed by the ARC “Donskoy” in the area of dark chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. There have been selected 10 winter wheat varieties for the trials. The field trial was laid down on dark chestnut soils of the lands of the Serafimovichsky district in the Volgograd region. The study was carried out according to the generally accepted B.A. Dospekhov’s methodology. The field trials showed that the germination of winter wheat was influenced by a seeding depth, which was 7-9 cm. The best germination was found among the varieties ‘Asket’, ‘Etyud’, ‘Lilit’, ‘Donskaya Step’ and ‘Zhavoronok’. During the trials, the formation of a productive stand was greatly influenced by the weather (the length of a spring tillering period, precipitation in May), as well as the traits of the variety. The winter wheat varieties ‘Etyud’, ‘Shef’, ‘Donskaya Step’, ‘Krasa Dona’ were able to form a large number of productive stems under favorable weather conditions. Under insufficient moisture supply, the largest number of productive stems was formed by the varieties ‘Lidiya’ and ‘Lilit’. The highest tillering intensity during an autumn vegetation period was shown by the variety ‘Lidiya’ (4.7–6.2 shoots), including the varieties ‘Zhavoronok’ (4.2–5.4 shoots) and ‘Etyud’ (4.0–5.3 shoots). The largest productivity was produced by the varieties ‘Donskaya Step’ (4.97 t/ha), ‘Zhavoronok’ (4.95 t/ha), ‘Krasa Dona’ (4.90 t/ha) over three years.

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