scholarly journals Influence of rootstock on the quality of sweet cherry fruits in the conditions of the Lower Volga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
OA Nikolskay ◽  
A V Solonkin ◽  
E N Kikteva

Abstract Sweet cherry is a thermophilic and whimsical crop that reacts painfully to unfavorable meteorological conditions, such as frost, drought or high humidity in the air and soil. At the same time, this crop requires a uniform supply of heat and moisture during the growing season. In the climatic conditions of the Volgograd region, stressful situations often arise that can partially or completely reduce the yield of fruit crops, especially those introduced to our region from other regions. To reduce the risk of losing the yield of fruit plantations, including sweet cherry, it is necessary to pay special attention to the choice of the variety, as well as the rootstock on which this variety is grafted. The publication presents the results of studying the influence of rootstocks on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of sweet cherry fruits, such as taste, weight, uniformity, color, and productivity. According to the results of the study in the field (in the garden), varietal-rootstock combinations were identified that have one-dimensional, crack-resistant, large fruits, while maintaining high and stable productivity. According to the results of research, it was found that the rootstock affects not only the strength of growth and the shape of the crown, but also the quality of the fruit. The most dependent of the studied varieties on the type of rootstock is Euphoria, the lowest weight of berries was observed on the rootstock VSL-1. At the same time, this rootstock has a higher percentage of resistance to cracking of the fruit. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that with the help of rootstock, it becomes possible to influence the quality indicators of fruits.

Author(s):  
M.S. Oborin

Features of the organization of family recreation and treatment on the territories possessing natural healing resources and developed sanatorium and resort complex are considered. The research materials are scientific works in the field of assessment of natural and climatic potential of territories, directions of its effective use in social and economic development of regions. The functions of the sanatorium and resort complex are characterized, the data on the state of family and children's recreation and treatment are given on the example of the Perm region. The main methodology of the study is an expert survey and statistical analysis. The qualitative and quantitative indicators of family and children's recreation and treatment are considered, the actual directions of development of sanatorium and resort offer for this group of consumers are revealed. Measures are proposed to optimize the use of natural healing resources of the region in order to improve the quality of family holidays.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurenţia Ungureanu ◽  
◽  
Daria Tumanova ◽  
Grigore Ungureanu ◽  
◽  
...  

The article presents the results on qualitative and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton of the Prut River lower sector within the Republic of Moldova in 2018-2020. In phytoplankton compositions 72 species were identified. Seasonal and long-term patterns of phytoplankton development have been established in Prut River lower sector. The numbers of phytoplankton changed within the limits 1,06 to 20,32 mln. cell/l, with biomass 1,23-21,64 g/m3. The values of saprobic indexes, estimated on the basis of species-indicators (52 species) from phytoplankton composition, which are in proportion of 58% typically β-mezosaprobic, confirm the following: the water quality of lower Prut River sector in the period 2018-2020 was satisfactory for the development of phytoplankton and was attributed mainly to II-III (good-moderately polluted) quality classes.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2(64)) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Dyshkantiuk

The article analyzes the existing world-wide ratings of the life of the society, which are largely associated with hospitality. The main directions and indicators according to which rating estimations of processes and phenomena are carried out are determined. Considered international experience of rating assessments of life quality. The international quality of life assessments that have been considered show that not always in economically developed countries, people feel happy, morally and physically protected. It should be noted that without a certain economic level of social security, the appropriate material and technical base and infrastructure cannot be created conditions for a person to feel happy. The indicators of the quality of life of society are closely linked with the development of the hospitality industry, the presence of which provides comfortable living conditions for man. The rating of hospitality should be considered as an assessment of aggregate indices of the hospitality industry as a whole, by sectors, by logistics chains between sectors, and by the rating of individual enterprises for a certain period of time. Rating of hospitality - a summary assessment of the hospitality in the state, region, city, organization, enterprise, which provides hospitality services for a certain period of time, the purpose of the rating is determined by the customer depending on the research objects and may have its own specific characteristics and indicators. The purpose of the hospitality rating is to assess the qualitative and quantitative indicators of all infrastructural hospitality sectors. The rating includes comparison of hospitality indicators by regions, regions, regions, cities and other states in order to identify the strengths and weaknesses of hospitality, disadvantages in the development of hospitality sectors and their infrastructure, with the possibility of using these data for strategic management and planning for the development of hospitality.


2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 12010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Vladimirov ◽  
Igor Prikhodkо ◽  
Tatyana Safronova ◽  
Elena Chebanova

Ignoring the specific soil and climatic conditions of the Lower Kuban against the background of irrevocable water use and constant increase in production intensification using new, little-studied pesticides and herbicides without studying the mechanism of its environmental impact, has led to serious environmental and economic problems. In this regard, there was needed to study and analyze environmental problems, establish mechanism for its origin and develop a concept and recommendations for overcoming the environmental crisis in which the Lower Kuban, including Azov and Black Seas ecosystems. The article has processed perennial data and our own research results into dynamics of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the Lower Kuban delta zone basin for more than 70 years. The results of the ionic composition research of estuary water and collector-drainage water were obtained and analyzed. The causal relationships of catastrophic changes in the water ecosystem of the river delta are established and specific recommendations are developed to improve the ecological environment in line with modern standards. The estuaries ichthyofauna composition is analyzed and the reasons for the reduction in fish productivity are identified, ways to solve this are proposed.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurentia Ungureanu ◽  
◽  
Daria Tumanova ◽  
Grigore Ungureanu ◽  
◽  
...  

The article presents the results of study of qualitative and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton of the Dniester River within the Republic of Moldova and Dubasari reservoir in 2020. In phytoplankton compositions of the Dniester River were identified 64 species, Dubasari Lake – 56 species. The numbers of phytoplankton changed within the limits 0,39 to 16,99 mln. cel/l with biomass 0,7-17,19 g/m3 in Dniester River and in Dubasari Lake – 3,47-14,83 mln. cel/l with biomass 4,76-11,29 g/m3. The values of saprobic indexes, estimated on the basis of species-indicators from phytoplankton composition, which are in proportion of 60% typically β-mezosaprobic, confirm the following: the water quality of Dniester River and Dubasari Lake in the period of 2020 year was satisfactory for the development of phytoplankton and was attributed mainly to II-III (good-moderately polluted) quality classes.


2018 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
T. M. Nikulina ◽  
D. P. Kurunina ◽  
E. S. Maslennikova

The results of the research work carried out during the period 2015-2017 are outlined. on the practical selection of pumpkin in the conditions of the Volgograd Transvolga. The results of studying the assortment of pumpkin varieties of domestic and foreign breeding in collection nurseries are presented. The most promising samples adapted to local soil and climatic conditions have high productivity (Sviteny, Chino, Marina di Chioggia, Silber Bell (USA), Kham (Laos), image (Spain), Local (Kazakhstan), Gribovskaya winter, Teshchenka , Zucchini Malchugan, and the quality of the fruit: (Chino, Chirimen nankin (Japan), Cachi JNTA (Argentina), Mantova Uyghur (Kazakhstan), Duchess, Vega F1, Sweetie, Pampushka, Green Warted Habbard (USA). A new hybrid material was obtained, an estimation of its productivity of consumer achestv, stability to bio- and abiotic factors. accessions selected promising superior standards major ecological and morphological and economically valuable traits. The characteristics of the best selected hybrid combinations are given in comparison with the standards. The most productive are hybrid combinations: Marina di Chioggia x Zorka, Zorka x Sweet banana, Silber Bell x Elegant, Sweet x Elegant, Local (Kirghizia) x Zorka, zucchini Mountain Anchor. The yield of these samples exceeds the standards by 13.3-92.2%. The quality of the fruit is distinguished by the hybrids: Marina di Chioggia x Zorka, Zorka x Marina di Chioggia, Pampushka x Elegant, Zorka x Sweet banana, Silber Bell x Elegant, Zaslavia x POOS6-07, Zorka x Oreshek, Altair x Elegant. The content of dry substances in the fruits of these samples is 2.0-8.8% higher than the standards.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sînziana Venera Morărița

Abstract Although relatively recent, peach culture has grown great in our country due to the special quality of the fruit, its very complex chemical composition and the large production that can be obtained without much effort. Peach is a species slightly adapted to our climatic conditions, suffers from winter frost, but can provide productive and long productions of 10-15 years.


Author(s):  
Neha Jain ◽  
Mohan Lal Kori

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the quality of the marketed and self collected samples of Plumbago zeylanica L. roots on the standardization parameters. This study is planned mainly to confirm changes with quality of drug. Now a day’s more demand of herbal drugs for disease treatment, lack of knowledge of proper methodology and availability are promoting the practices of adulteration and substitution. Thus, the standardization of the plant crude drugs is necessary to maintain their therapeutic efficacy. Comparative studies were carried out to evaluate the standards of P. zeylanica L. with emphasis on organoleptic evaluation, physicochemical and phytochemical analysis. Samples were procured from local market and self collected to determine the qualitative and quantitative variations. The result indicates that self collected sample showed significant results with comparison to marketed sample.


2020 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Н.Т. Чеботарев ◽  
Н.Н. Шергина

Пахотные угодья Республики Коми в основном представлены дерново-подзолистыми почвами с низким естественным плодородием, которые без применения удобрений быстро подвергаются деградационным процессам, что резко снижает их продуктивность. Цель исследований: оценка эффективности долговременного применения органических и минеральных удобрений при выращивании картофеля в кормовом севообороте в условиях Республики Коми. Методической основой выполнения работ были комплексные исследования дерново-подзолистых почв, клубней картофеля на участках многолетнего полевого эксперимента, заложенного на землях Института агробиотехнологий ФИЦ Коми НЦ УрО РАН в соответствии с «Методическими указаниями географической сети опытов с удобрениями». Длительный период исследований (более 40 лет) характеризовался различными климатическими условиями, которые отразились на количестве урожая и качестве клубней картофеля. Было проведено 7 ротаций (14 лет) с выращиванием картофеля. Вносили органические удобрения – торфонавозный компост (ТНК) в дозах 40 и 80 т/га (1 и 2 фон, соответственно) под картофель и минеральные удобрения – NPК в дозах 1/3; 1/2 и 1 для восполнения выноса растениями элементов питания. Установлено положительное влияние комплексного применения органических и минеральных удобрений на урожайность и качество картофеля, а также на плодородие дерново-подзолистой легкосуглинистой среднеокультуренной почвы в кормовом севообороте в почвенно-климатических условиях Республики Коми. В результате применения шестипольного севооборота и комплексного внесения удобрений с 1978 года к 2019 году в почвах снизилась обменная и гидролитическая кислотность; повысилось содержание гумуса на 0,5% (в контроле); на 0,2–0,5% (с тремя дозами минеральных удобрений); на 0,3–1,1% (с ТНК); на 0,2–1,6% (при совместном применении органических и минеральных удобрений). Наибольшие урожаи картофеля получены при совместном применении органических (80 т/га) и минеральных удобрений (1 NPК) и составили 37,1 т/га клубней (8,5 тыс/га кормовых единиц). При таком соотношении удобрений показано высокое качество клубней картофеля: содержание крахмала 15,5%, витамина С – 19,4 мг%, сырого протеина – 14,1%. Количество нитратного азота не превышало ПДК (ПДК 250 мг.с.м.). Экономические расчеты показали, что при внесении ТНК 40 т/га + 1 NPК в дерново-подзолистые почвы с.-х. использования в среднетаежной зоне Республики Коми при выращивании картофеля, условный чистый доход составит 68,4 тыс. р. с 1 га, себестоимость 1 т картофеля – 2,8 тыс. р., рентабельность 188,7%. The arable land of the Republic of Komi is mainly represented by dern-sub-ground soils with low natural fertility, which without the use of fertilizers are quickly subjected to degradation processes, which dramatically reduces their productivity. The aim of the research is to evaluate the efficiency of long-term use of organic and mineral fertilizers in the growing of potatoes in feed crop rotation in the conditions of the Komi Republic. The methodological basis for carrying out the works was comprehensive studies of dern-subhead soils, potato tubers on the sites of a multi-year field experiment laid on the lands of the Institute of Agrobiotechnology of the FRC Komi SC UB RAS in accordance with the «Methodological Instructions of the Geographical Network of Experiments with Fertilizers». A long period of research (more than 40 years) was characterized by different climatic conditions, which affected the number of crops and the quality of potato tubers. There were 7 rotations (14 years) with potato cultivation. Organic fertilizers – peat-avous compost (TNK) in doses of 40 and 80 t/ha (1 and 2 background, respectively) for potatoes and mineral fertilizers – NPK in doses of 1/3; 1/2 and 1 to replenish the carry-out of food elements by plants. The positive effect of the integrated use of organic and mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of potatoes, as well as on the fertility of soddy-podzolic light loamy medium cultivated soil in fodder crop rotation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Komi Republic, has been established. As a result of the use of six-bed crop rotation and the integrated application of fertilizers, metabolic and hydrolytic acidity decreased in soils from 1978 to 2019; humus content increased by 0.5% (in control); 0.2–0.5% (with three doses of mineral fertilizers); 0.3–1.1% (with TNCs); 0.2–1.6% (with combined use of organic and mineral fertilizers). The largest potato yields were obtained from the combined use of organic (80 t/ha) and mineral fertilizers (1 NPK) and amounted to 37.1 t/ha tubers (8.5 thousand/ha feed units). The largest potato harvests were obtained with the combined use of organic (80 t/ha) and mineral fertilizers (1 NPK) and amounted to 37.1 t/ha of tubers (8.5 thousand/ha of feed units). With this ratio of fertilizers, the high quality of potato tubers was also determined: the starch content was 15.5%, vitamin C – 19.4 mg%, crude protein – 14.1%. The amount of nitrate nitrogen did not exceed the MPC (MPC 250 mg.s.m.). Economic calculations showed that if TNK is added 40 t/ha 1 NPK to the dern-sub-ground soils of agricultural use in the medium-sized zone of the Komi Republic when growing potatoes, the conditional net income will be 68.4 thousand rubles from 1 ha, the cost of 1 t of potatoes – 2.8 thousand rubles, profitability 188.7%.


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