scholarly journals Biodiversity of megabenthos and coral reef condition in Tuan Island, Aceh Besar

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
I Dewiyanti ◽  
M Mulyadi ◽  
M Ulfa ◽  
C Octavina ◽  
H A Haridhi
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Holothuria Atra ◽  
Diadema Setosum

Abstract The existence of megabenthos has an important role in maintaining sustainability of coral reef ecosystems and in the food web process. Megabenthos is also often used as an indicator of the health condition of coral reefs. The purpose of study was to analyze the biodiversity of megabenthos associated with coral reef in Tuan Island. This research was conducted in July -September, 2020. There were four research stations determined by purposes method based on four wind directions. Megabenthos data collection carried out by benthos belt transect method and coral reef data collected by using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. The results were found 8 species of megabenthos target, namely spiny starfish (Acanthaster planci), blue starfish (Linckia laevigata), sea urchins (Diadema setosum), sea cucumbers (Holothuria atra), clams (Tridacna squamosa), Drupella snails (Drupella sp.), lola clams (Tronchus niloticus) and lobster (Panulirus versicolor). Totally, there were 190 individuals of megabenthos with the abundance ranged from 0.18 to 0.52 individuals/m2. Diadema setosum had the highest abundance with the value 0.9 individuals/m2 followed by Drupulella sp. (0.3 individuals/m2). The highest diversity index was station 4 followed by station 3, 2, and 1 with the value of 2.21, 0.85, 0.64, and 0.41, respectively. The diversity index was categorized as low and medium. The average of evenness and dominance indices were 0.04 and 0.62, both was medium category. The highest percentage of coral cover was at station 1 followed by station 3, 4, and 2, the coral cover value were 50.44%, 29.20%, 18.14%, and 9.29%, respectively. The correlation (r) between the percentage of coral reef cover and megabenthos abundance has a positive correlation, but the level of correlation was low (0.215 %). The density of megabenthos on Tuan Island did not have a major influence on coral reef cover where the determination value (R2) was 0.0462 which indicated that the megabenthos abundance was influenced by the percentage of coral reef cover only 4.62%.

scholarly journals KEPADATAN MEGABENTOS PADA EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN DESA PERLANG BANGKA TENGAH, BANGKA BELITUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
Arham Hafidh Akbar ◽  
Sudirman Adibrata ◽  
Wahyu Adi
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Tridacna Maxima ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Tridacna Gigas ◽  
Drupella Cornus ◽  
Diadema Setosum

This study aims to analyze the density of megabenthos in coral reef ecosystems in the waters of Perlang Village. This research was conducted in November 2019 in the waters of Perlang Village with the megabentos data collection method using the Bentos Belt Transect (BBT) method based on COREMAP CTI LIPI (2017) with 5 data collection stations. The results found 603 individuals consisting of 9 species from 4 megabenthos families in coral reef ecosystems. Species found at the study site are Diadema setosum, Diadema antillarium (Familli Deadematidae), Drupella cornus, Drupella rugosa (Family Murcidae), Trochus sp, Trochus conus, Tectus pyramis (Family Trochidae), Tridacna gigas, and Tridacna maxima (Family Tridacnidae) . The highest attendance percentage of all stations was obtained by Diadema setosum of 47.93% (289 people). Percentage of live coral cover from 5 observation stations ranged from 57.44% - 91.78%. Observation pensions that received the highest percentage of cover values ​​were at pension 2 with 91.78% in the very good category.

scholarly journals Community structure of Echinoderms in seagrass beds of Pacitan beaches, East Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
FARID KAMAL MUZAKI ◽  
EDWIN SETIAWAN ◽  
GHULAM FATHIR AUTHAR INSANY ◽  
NURUL KUSUMA DEWI ◽  
IWENDA BELLA SUBAGIO
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Echinometra Mathaei ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Diadema Setosum

Abstract. Muzaki FK, Setiawan E, Insany GFA, Dewi NK, Subagio IB. 2019. Community structure of Echinoderms in seagrass beds of Pacitan beaches, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1787-1793. In this study, we attempt to access diversity and community structure of Echinoderms on seagrass beds in each three belt transect (width 2 m, length 100 m) in Tawang and Pidakan beaches, Pacitan, East Java, Java. Observed parameters were species richness, composition, and abundance, as well as diversity indices: Shannon-Wiener's diversity index (H'), Simpson's dominance index (D) and Pielou's evenness index (J). At the end of the study, we identified one species of sea star (Asteroidea), seven species of brittle stars (Ophiuroidea), ten species of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) andnine species of sea urchins (Echinoidea). The most dominant species were Ophiocoma dentata (F. Ophiocomidae), Diadema setosum (F. Diadematiidae), Ophiomastix annulosa (F. Ophiocomidae) and Echinometra mathaei (F. Echinometridae). Value of H’ ranged from 0.538 to 1.252 in Tawang and 1.041 to 1.704 in Pidakan; which showing higher species richness and diversity in Pidakan. Echinoderm in the study area was not evenly distributed; D. setosum was very dominant in Tawang beach, while those three other species were more common in Pidakan. Furthermore, most of Holothuroid and Ophiuroid were found only in Pidakan which have relatively more complex habitat.

scholarly journals KELIMPAHAN MEGABENTOS SEBAGAI INDIKATOR KESEHATAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN BILIK, TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Bachtiar Wahyu Mutaqin ◽  
Emy Puspita Yuendini ◽  
Bagas Aditya ◽  
Isfi Nurafifa Rachmi ◽  
Muhammad Ilham Fathurrizqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Belt Transect

Ekosistem terumbu karang adalah ekosistem laut yang sangat rentan oleh kerusakan lingkungan. Terumbu karang di perairan Bilik, Taman Nasional Baluran merupakan contoh ekosistem terumbu karang yang mengalami ancaman kerusakan lingkungan akibat perubahan iklim dan aktivitas manusia. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk memonitor kesehatan terumbu karang adalah dengan melihat kelimpahan megabentos dalam ekosistem terumbu karang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kesehatan ekosistem terumbu karang dengan melihat kelimpahan megabentos di perairan Bilik, Taman Nasional Baluran. Metode yang digunakan dalam inventarisasi megabentos adalah dengan Benthos Belt Transect dan analisis video di Blok Sijile dan Blok Jeding di Perairan Bilik. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa di Blok Sijile tidak ditemukan ekosistem terumbu karang dan megabentos. Sementara itu di Blok Jeding ditemukan ekosistem terumbu karang dengan megabentos berupa bulu babi dan bintang laut biru. Kelimpahan bulu babi di dan bintang laut biru adalah 0-0,14 individu/m2. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kesehatan ekosistem terumbu karang di Blok Jeding perairan Bilik Sijile masih baik, namun perlu mendapat perhatian khusus karena sebagian area terumbu karang mengalami pemutihan akibat aktivitas perikanan yang tidak ramah lingkungan.MEGABENTHOS ABUNDANCE AS CORAL HEALTH INDICATORS IN BILIK WATERS, BALURAN NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA. Coral reef ecosystems are marine ecosystems that are prone to environmental damage. Coral reefs in Bilik waters, Baluran National Park, are examples of coral reef ecosystems that are threatened by environmental damage due to climate change and human activities. One of the methods for health monitoring of coral reefs is by looking at the abundance of megabenthos in coral reef ecosystems. Therefore, this study aims to determine the health of coral reef ecosystems by looking at the abundance of megabenthos in Bilik waters, Baluran National Park. We used Benthos Belt Transect and video analysis to identify the spatial distribution and number of megabenthos in Sijile Block and Jeding Block, Bilik waters. The results showed that in Sijile Block, there were no coral reef neither megabenthos ecosystems. Meanwhile, in Jeding Block, there was a coral reefs ecosystem with megabenthos in the form of sea urchins and blue starfish. The abundance of sea urchins and the blue sea star in Jeding Block was about 0-0.14 individual/m2. These conditions indicate that the health of the coral reef ecosystem in Jeding Block, Bilik waters was still in good condition, even though it still needs special attention related to coral bleaching as a consequence of fisheries activities that are not environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Kondisi Kesehatan Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Pulau Sepa, Kepulauan Seribu

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Ankiq Taofiqurohman ◽  
Ibnu Faizal ◽  
Kholid Agil Rizkia
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Thousand Islands ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
Color Score

Kepulauan Seribu merupakan gugusan pulau di perairan utara Jakarta yang memiliki daya tarik wisata terutama untuk snorkeling dan diving dengan adanya terumbu karang, salah satunya adalah Pulau Sepa. Ekosistem terumbu karang merupakan ekosistem yang rentan mengalami degradasi oleh berbagai faktor. Kegiatan snorkeling menjadi salah satu  ancaman yang terjadi pada terumbu karang, oleh karena itu diperlukan pengukuran mengenai kondisi kesehatan ekosistem terumbu karang, khususnya Pulau Sepa kepulauan Seribu, sebagai bentuk integrasi konservasi ekosistem dan pengelolaan wisata. Riset ini dilakukan di Pulau Sepa, Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu pada Bulan Maret-Agustus 2020. Wilayah yang diamati merupakan spot snorkeling pada kedalaman 1-5 m pada 10 stasiun penelitian  , dengan mengklasifikasikan warna kesehatan dan juga tipe karang menggunakan klasifikasi dari Coral Watch.  Skor warna kesehatan terumbu karang pada zona snorkeling Pulau Sepa, didominasi dengan kondisi kurang sehat pada skor warna 4, dengan dominasi tipe karang branching dan boulder dan sedikit tipe pertumbuhan plate dan soft. Kriteria kesehatan terumbu karang mayoritas berada pada kurang sehat, sedikit sehat dan tidak ditemukan yang tidak sehat. Rincian kriteria kesehatan terumbu karang kurang sehat di temui pada stasiun 1-10 dengan masing masing persentase 92%, 72%, 100%, 94%, 78%, 94%, 100%, 100%, 67%, dan 89%, untuk rincian kriteria kesehatan terumbu karang sehat pada stasiun 1-10 dengan masing-masing persentase 8%, 28%, 0%, 6%, 22%, 6%, 0%, 0%, 33%, 11%. Faktor lingkungan seperti kecerahan yang dipengaruhi oleh sedimentasi serta tekanan antropogenik dari aktivitas manusia mempengaruhi kondisi tutupan karang di pulau ini. The Thousand Islands are a group of islands in the northern waters of Jakarta which have tourist attractions, especially for snorkeling and diving with the presence of coral reefs, one of which is Sepa Island. Coral reef ecosystem is an ecosystem that is prone to degradation by various factors. Snorkeling activities are one of the threats that occur on coral reefs, therefore it is necessary to measure the health condition of coral reef ecosystems, especially Sepa Island, the Thousand Islands, as a form of integration of ecosystem conservation and tourism management. This research was conducted on Sepa Island, Thousand Islands National Park on March - August 2020. The area observed is a snorkeling spot at a depth of 1-5 m at 10 research stations, by classifying the color of health and also the type of coral using the classification from Coral Watch. The coral reef health color score in the Sepa Island snorkeling zone, was dominated by unhealthy conditions at a color score of 4, with a dominance of branching and boulder coral types and few plate and soft growth types. The majority of coral reef health criteria are unhealthy, slightly healthy and not found unhealthy. Details of the health criteria for unhealthy coral reefs were found at stations 1-10 with each percentage of 92%, 72%, 100%, 94%, 78%, 94%, 100%, 100%, 67%, and 89%, respectively. details of health criteria for healthy coral reefs at stations 1-10 with each percentage of 8%, 28%, 0%, 6%, 22%, 6%, 0%, 0%, 33%, 11%. Environmental factors such as clarity which influenced by sedimentation and anthropogenic factors from human activities affect the condition of coral cover on this island.

scholarly journals ASPEK REPRODUKSI BULU BABI (Sea Urchin) DI PERAIRAN PULAU MENJANGAN KECIL, KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA, JEPARA (Aspects Reproduction of Sea Urchin in the Waters of Menjangan Kecil Island, Karimunjawa Islands, Jepara)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-571
Author(s):  
Indrie Hapsari Puspitaningtyas ◽  
Siti Rudiyanti ◽  
Bambang Sulardiono
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Gonad Maturity ◽  
Hard Coral Cover ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Diadema Setosum

Gugusan terumbu karang yang terdapat di Kepulauan Karimunjawa termasuk ke dalam gugusan terumbu karang tepi dengan kisaran penutupan karang keras antara 6,7% - 68,9% dan indeks keragaman berkisar antara 0,43 - 0,91. Salah satu biota yang berasosiasi di ekosistem terumbu karang adalah bulu babi, yang merupakan biota filum echinodermata yang tersebar dari daerah intertidal dangkal hingga ke laut dalam. Gonad bulu babi di pasaran dikenal sebagai uni atau roe merupakan makanan populer dan salah satu komoditi utama di beberapa negara seperti Amerika Serikat, Kanada, Chili, Rusia, Prancis, Barbados dan Jepang. Penangkapan hingga overfishing menjadi masalah utama di berbagai negara, yang  akan mengakibatkan penurunan jumlah populasi bulu babi di perairan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pulau Menjangan Kecil, Karimunjawa pada bulan Mei 2017. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aspek reproduksi bulu babi melalui nilai IKG, nilai TKG, dan Fekunditas Bulu Babi di Pulau Menjangan Kecil. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu, tahap sampling lapangan yang terdiri dari pengambilan sampel bulu babi, dengan metode acak menggunakan kuadran transek, dan pengukuran kualitas perairan. Tahap analisis laboratorium yang terdiri dari analisis Indeks Kematangan Gonad, Tingkat Kematangan Gonad, dan Fekunditas. Penelitian ini ada dua spesies yang ditemukan di lokasi sampling yaitu Diadema setosum dan Echinothrix calamaris. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk bulu babi jenis Diadema setosum nilai IKG berkisar antara 1,66% - 4,26% dan fekunditas berkisar antara 641 butir – 1.087 butir dan bulu babi jenis Echinothrix calamaris nilai IKG berkisar antara 5,32% - 7,54% dan fekunditas berkisar antara 1.159 butir – 2.192 butir, sedangkan nilai TKG kedua jenis bulu babi berada pada fase 5 (lima) yaitu tahap memijah.  The coral reefs found in the Karimunjawa Islands are included in the cluster of coral reefs with hard coral cover ranges between 6.7% - 68.9% and the diversity index ranges from 0.43 to 0.91. One of the associated biota in the coral reef ecosystem is the sea urchin, which is an echinodermata physiological biota scattered from the shallow intertidal region to the deep sea. The sea urchin gonad on the market is known as uni or roe is a popular food and one of the main commodities in some countries such as USA, Canada, Chile, Russia, France, Barbados and Japan. Overfishing is a major problem in many countries, which will lead to a decrease in the number of sea urchin populations. This research was conducted in Menjangan Kecil Island, Karimunjawa in May 2017. The purpose of this research is to know the reproductive aspect of the sea urchin through IKG value, TKG value, and Fecundity of sea urchin on Menjangan Kecil Island. This research was conducted in two stages, field sampling stage consisting of sampling of sea urchins, by random method using transect quadrant, and measurement of water quality. Phase of laboratory analysis consisting of Gonad Maturity Index analysis, Gonad Maturity Level, and Fecundity. The study used only two species found at the sampling site is Diadema setosum and Echinothrix calamaris. The results obtained for Diadema setosum type IKG ranged from 1.66% - 4.26% and fecundity ranged from 641 grains - 1.087 grains and Echinothrix calamaris type IKG in the range of 5.32% - 7.54% and fecundity ranges from 1,159 grains - 2,192 grains, while the TKG value of both types of sea urchins is in phase 5 (five) or spawning phase.

scholarly journals POPULATION CONDITIONS OF ECHINOIDEA AND CORAL REEF COVERS IN PONCAN GODANG ISLAND, SIBOLGA, NORTH SUMATERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Nainul Adni ◽  
Aras Mulyadi ◽  
Thamrin Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Line Intercept

Poncan Godang Island is included in the appropriate category based on the suitability of land for the Sibolga tourist area, with the presence of tourism activities that can also affect the amount of biodiversity in it. Considering the importance of coral reefs for biodiversity and sea urchins which also have a role in coral reef ecosystems, it is necessary to conduct research on the condition of sea urchins population and the percentage of coral reefs on Poncan Godang Island. Sea urchin and coral reef data were collected using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method by monitoring directly on the transect line along 50 meters. The results obtained indicate that the population of sea urchins in the waters of Poncan Godang Island, North Sumatra can be described, that sea urchins do not affect the coral reef ecosystem because at stations 1 and 5 there is no sea urchin and the percentage of coral cover is classified as bad, but at station 3 there are 32 individuals with coral reef cover conditions, while at stations with The percentage of good coral cover is that at station 4 there are only 25 individuals, as well as at station 2 where the percentage of coral cover is higher than station 3 and there are no sea urchins

scholarly journals Diversity of Coral Fish At Saebus Island, East Java, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 08021
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah ◽  
Tri Widya Laksana Putra ◽  
Putranto Kondang ◽  
Suratman ◽  
Larossa Gamelia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Census Methods ◽  
Target Fish ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Coral Fish ◽  
Different Depths

Coral reef ecosystem is known as an important place to live various types of fish, where coral conditions will affect the diversity and abundance of the fish. In healthy coral reef ecosystems generally can be found many types of fish with high density. This research aims to investigate the diversity and abundance of coral fishes at Saebus Island, East Java. The observation conducted at 4 stations, according to cardinal point by UVS (underwater visual census) methods with belt transect with the visibility of 2,5 m horizontally, and 5 m vertically. The length of transect was 100 m parallel with coastline, with the area of observation is 500 m2. The censuses were conducted at 2 different depths (3 and 10 m). This study found 70 kinds of coral fish originated form 20 family at all stations. These fishes were from 3 different fish categories i.e. 7 target fishes, 13 indicator fishes, and 50 major fishes. Three different fishes that dominated target fish, indicator fish and major fish were Epinephelus fasciatus, Chaetodon baronessa and Aulostomus chinensis, respectively. There was similar value of fish diversity index at two different depths which were 3.635 and 3,623. While uniformity index at the depth of 3m was 0.153 and at 10m was 0.217, and domination index at the depth of 3m was 0.11 and at 10m was 0.167. These values suggest that diversity of coral fish at Saebus island can be categorized as high diversity.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN SIPUT (Drupella) DENGAN KONDISI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN PULAU SEMUJUR PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
ISTIQOMAH ISTI QOMAH ◽  
Okto Supratman ◽  
Indra Ambalika Syari
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Tabulate Coral ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

This research aims to analyse density of Drupella's on coral reef ecosystem, analyze the percentage of coral cover and analyze the relationship between the density of Drupella with environmental factors and conditions coral reef ecosystem in the waters of Semujur Island. Research data retrieval in April 2019 in the waters of Semujur Island. Drupella data retrieval using Belt Transect method and coral reef data retrieval using Line Intercept Transek. The results showed that the highest overall density of Drupella is in the area of coral, which is 244 ind/100m2 and the lowest density of Drupella is in the landscaped area of 31 ind/100m2, coral cover percentage Highest in the area of coral average of 72.20% and the lowest 23.44% while on the highest cover area of 54.96% and lows of 29.14%. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in the reef flats and Drupella watersheds correlates with temperature, current, pH, Dissolved Oxygen and Total Suspended Solid. Correspondence Analysis (CA) in the reef flats was found that Drupella was positively correlated with lifeforms acropora submassive, acropora tabulate, coral submassive, and coral massive. In the slope area of the Drupella positively correlated with the type of lifeform acropora digitate, acropora submassive, acropora tabulate, coral submassive, and coral branching.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Species Composition of Butterflyfishes and Coral Cover (Study case: Taka Bonerate National Park)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Ana Faricha ◽  
Isa N. Edrus ◽  
Sasanti R. Suharti ◽  
Rizkie S. Utama ◽  
Agus Budiyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Reef Environment ◽  
Dietary Specialization ◽  
Coral Coverage ◽  
Specific Species

The coral reef environment has a strong influence on associated organisms such as fishes, mollusks, and others. Wherein, the butterflyfishes are marine fishes which closely associated with the tropic group as dietary specialization i.e. obligate coral feeder, facultative, and generalist. The obligate may respond only to change in preferred corals and not indicate others. However, generalist show in different response in habitat deteriorates and may allow switching feeding to a less preferred one. Many questions remain about food specific at the species level which may potentially as bio-indicator for coral conditions. Here, we studied the species composition among coral coverage. We explore the environmental degradation in Taka Bonerate National Park impact on food resources and fishes especially for butterflyfishes community. This study focused on family Chaetodontidae with UVC method and UPT method for coral cover. This study was carried out at Taka Bonerate National Park, South Sulawesi between May and June 2019. There were 342 individuals observed and dominated by Chaetodon kleinii, Hemitaurichthys polylepis, Heniochus chrysostomus, C. lunulatus, C. melannotus, C punctatofasciatus, and Forcipiger flavissimus. However, we found a site with diversity index and coral cover has across conditions. Whilst, these benthic communities mostly dominated by Acropora, which may be preferenced by specific species. Butterflyfishes have several types of foraging tasks and may impact in utilizing the coral reef and other social habitats used. The species composition and abundance of butterflyfishes had relations not only by coral coverage but also benthic compositions. However, factors that regulate its specific species distribution and species compositions are still under study.

scholarly journals Results from a conservation initiative for parrotfishes in the Colombian Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana López-Angarita ◽  
María del Pilar Restrepo Orjuela ◽  
Katherine Guzmán Peña ◽  
Dairo Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Fish Community Structure ◽  
Local Conservation ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Caribbean Coral Reef

AbstractParrotfish (Family Scaridae) are a family of herbivorous fishes crucial to coral reef health, particularly for Caribbean reefs due to their declining coral cover. However, despite parrotfish are fully protected in some countries, they are still heavy fished in most of their Caribbean range. The consequences of this targeted fishery in the Colombian Caribbean are not fully understood due to a lack of local conservation and management resources. This research aimed to evaluate and enhance the conservation status and protection of parrotfish among local communities in the National Natural Park Corales del Rosario and San Bernardo. Underwater visual census surveys (UVC) were undertaken to evaluate reef fish community structure, and participatory education campaigns and activities were carried out with local communities to raise awareness about parrotfish ecology and their functional role in conserving Caribbean coral reef ecosystems of Colombia. UVC showed parrotfish to be dominant in the fish community, yet there was evidence of exploitation of large adults by selective fishing. Conflicts exist between the community and environmental authorities because fishing regulations are not clear, and the level of enforcement is insufficient. Parrotfish are sold to tourists, as ‘red snapper’ to fulfil high seafood demand since commercially valuable fish are now scarce. However, following intensive awareness-raising activities developed as part of this study, the community has started to recognize the vital ecological role of parrotfish in coral reef systems, and are suggesting a redrafting of fishing legislation by the environmental authorities, in order to recognise and incorporate the traditional fishing rights of human communities living within the MPA. Lobbying for the protection of parrotfish and inclusion of local communities in decision-making will take time, but this research represents the crucial first steps towards sustainable practice and cooperative alliances in the Colombian Caribbean.

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