scholarly journals Urban Heat Island: Identification of Spatial Patterns of Green Open Space for Mitigation in Kendal Industrial Park, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
M. I. H. Wijaya ◽  
N.M. Ariyani ◽  
B. N. Priambudi ◽  
A. Gumelar ◽  
H. Ichsanudin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Industrial Estates ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Urban Heat

Abstract The development of industrial estates is a strategy in encouraging the growth of national industries in Indonesia. The development of industrial estates, especially in the regions, is an implementation of the 2015-2035 master Plan of National Industry Development. Kendal Industrial Park (KIP) is one of the industrial estates in Central Java which is experiencing growth and is expected to be one of the choices for investors. The development of industrial estates in the regions has an impact on changes and increases in space requirements. This condition makes land-use change green land into industrial land which is the cause of the effect of rising air temperatures in cities. This study intends to identify the need for green open spaces spatially based on the phenomenon of increasing temperature in the Kendal industrial area using the Urban Heat Island (UHI) approach. Remote Sensing via satellite imagery is used to detect UHI spatially. The location of this UHI will later be used as spatial modelling data to assess how big and where green open space is needed. The results of this study are in the form of a spatial identification of the adequacy of green open space which will mitigate the UHI phenomenon in the Kendal industrial area which is presented spatially in the form of a thematic map.

Spatial Model of Green Open Space Needs for Mitigation of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon in Semarang

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandi Sasmito ◽  
Yudo Prasetyo ◽  
Nurhadi Bashit ◽  
Titis Ismayanti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Spatial Model ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Space Requirements ◽  
The City

Increasing population of the can be effect to an increase in space requirements. Fulfilling space needs means that what happens is a land use changes. green land becomes a need for development land and is the cause of the effect of rising air temperatures in cities. These changes are very important to studying for make plans on city. This study intends to examine the needs of Green Open Space spatially based on the phenomenon of increasing temperature in a location within the city compared to its surroundings or called Urban Heat Island (UHI). Remote Sensing is used to detect UHI spatially. This UHI location will be used as spatial modeling data to assess how large and where is need green space. The expected processing results are a spatial model simulation of the adequacy of Green Open Space requirements that will be a mitigation of the UHI phenomenon that is presented spatially in the form of thematic maps as one of the data that can be used as consideration in the city design planning of Semarang in the long term.

scholarly journals Influence of Spatial Characteristics of Green Spaces on Microclimate: A Case Study in Suzhou Industrial Park, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Xiao ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Yimei Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Heat

Abstract Continuous urban development leads to urban heat island effects. Research suggests that urban green spaces can help effectively reduce urban heat island effects in the summer. Previous studies have mainly focused on the influence of different underlying surfaces on air cooling and humidification. There is a lack of in-depth research on the relationship between park structure and microclimatic effects. Here, we examined the main landscape parameters of green spaces in 15 parks located in Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP) with a subtropical maritime monsoon climate zone during the summer to analyze their influence on the microclimate. The average cooling and humidifying effect of medium-size green spaces was most significant during high-temperature hours in the daytime. When the distance to a water body was the same, the average cooling and humidifying effect ranked as follows: large-size green space > small-size green space > medium-size green space. We explored the mechanisms of the local cooling and humidifying effects of woodland and water areas in parks by numerical simulations. The significance of the cooling and humidifying effects of water areas of different shapes was as follows: annular water > massive water > banded water. This confirmed that the shape and size of water areas within a green space has a significant influence on local cooling and humidification.

scholarly journals Smart tools of urban climate evaluation for smart spatial planning

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Středová ◽  
Tomáš Středa ◽  
Tomáš Litschmann
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Corine Land Cover ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Air temperature and humidity conditions were monitored in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, by a network of meteorological stations. Meteorological sensors were placed across a representative variety of urban and suburban environments. The data collected over the 2011–2014 period are analysed in this paper. The data from reference standard meteorological stations were used for comparison and modelling purposes. Air temperatures at the points of interest were successfully modelled using regression relationships. The spatial expression of point measurements of air temperatures was provided by GIS methods in combination with CORINE land cover layer, and satellite thermal images were used to evaluate the significance of these methods. The use of standard climate information has low priority for urban planners. The impact of the urban heat island on city residents and visitors was evaluated using the HUMIDEX index, as it is more understandable for urban planners than temperature conditions as such. The aim of this paper is the modification, description and presentation of urban climate evaluation methods that are easily useable for spatial planning purposes. These methods are based on comprehensible, easily available but quality data and results. This unified methodology forms a theoretical basis for better urban planning policies to mitigate the urban heat island effects.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SURFACE URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT OF ROOFTOPS AND STREETSCAPES IN CENTRAL SYDNEY

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Sharifi ◽  
Steffen Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Open Space ◽  
High Density ◽  
Anthropogenic Heat ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Urban Greenery ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Artificial Heat ◽  
Space Ratio

Cities are frequently experiencing artificial heat stress, known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. The UHI effect is commonly present in cities due to increased urbanization, where anthropogenic heat and human modifications have altered the characteristics of surfaces and atmosphere. Urban structure, land cover and metabolism are underlined as UHI key contributors and can result in higher urban densities being up to 10°C hotter compared to their peri-urban surroundings. The UHI effect increases the health-risk of spending time outdoors and boosts the need for energy consumption, particularly for air-conditioning during summer. Under investigation is what urban features are more resilient to the surface layer Urban Heat Island (sUHI) effect in precinct scale. In the context of Sydney, this ongoing research aims to explore the most heat resilient urban features at precinct scale. This UHI investigation covers five high-density precincts in central Sydney and is based on a nocturnal remote-sensing thermal image of central Sydney taken on 6 February 2009. Comparing the surface temperature of streetscapes and buildings’ rooftops (dominant urban horizontal surfaces), indicates that open spaces and particularly streetscapes are the most sensitive urban elements to the sUHI effect. The correlations between street network intensity, open space ratio, urban greenery ratio and the sUHI effect is being analysed in Sydney’s high-density precincts. Results indicate that higher open space ratio and street network intensity correlate significantly to higher sUHI effect at precinct scale. Meanwhile, 10% increase in the urban greenery can effectively decrease the precinct temperature by 0.6°C.

scholarly journals Cool Pavement Strategies for Urban Heat Island Mitigation in Suburban Phoenix, Arizona

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushobhan Sen ◽  
Jeffery Roesler ◽  
Benjamin Ruddell ◽  
Ariane Middel
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Reflective Coating ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Artificial Surfaces ◽  
Urban Heat

Urban areas are characterized by a large proportion of artificial surfaces, such as concrete and asphalt, which absorb and store more heat than natural vegetation, leading to the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. Cool pavements, walls, and roofs have been suggested as a solution to mitigate UHI, but their effectiveness depends on local land-use patterns and surrounding urban forms. Meteorological data was collected using a mobile platform in the Power Ranch community of Gilbert, Arizona in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area, a region that experiences harsh summer temperatures. The warmest hour recorded during data collection was 13 August 2015 at 5:00 p.m., with a far-field air temperature of about 42 ∘ C and a low wind speed of 0.45 m/s from East-Southeast (ESE). An uncoupled pavement-urban canyon Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed and validated to study the microclimate of the area. Five scenarios were studied to investigate the effects of different pavements on UHI, replacing all pavements with surfaces of progressively higher albedo: New asphalt concrete, typical concrete, reflective concrete, making only roofs and walls reflective, and finally replacing all artificial surfaces with a reflective coating. While new asphalt surfaces increased the surrounding 2 m air temperatures by up to 0.5 ∘ C, replacing aged asphalt with typical concrete with higher albedo did not significantly decrease it. Reflective concrete pavements decreased air temperature by 0.2–0.4 ∘ C and reflective roofs and walls by 0.4–0.7 ∘ C, while replacing all roofs, walls, and pavements with a reflective coating led to a more significant decrease, of up to 0.8–1.0 ∘ C. Residences downstream of major collector roads experienced a decreased air temperature at the higher end of these ranges. However, large areas of natural surfaces for this community had a significant effect on downstream air temperatures, which limits the UHI mitigation potential of these strategies.

Using localised weather files to assess overheating in naturally ventilated offices within London's urban heat island

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Demanuele ◽  
A Mavrogianni ◽  
M Davies ◽  
M Kolokotroni ◽  
I Rajapaksha
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Buildings ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Impact

Urban environments typically experience increased average air temperatures compared to surrounding rural areas – a phenomenon referred to as the Urban Heat Island (UHI). The impact of the UHI on comfort in naturally ventilated buildings is the main focus of this article. The overheating risk in urban buildings is likely to be exacerbated in the future as a result of the combined effect of the UHI and climate change. In the design of such buildings in London, the usual current practice is to view the use of one generic weather file as being adequate to represent external temperatures. However, the work reported here demonstrates that there is a considerable difference between the overheating performance of a standard building at different sites within London. This implies, for example, that a building may wrongly pass or fail criteria used to demonstrate compliance with building regulations as a result of an inappropriate generic weather file being used. The work thus has important policy implications. Practical application: The Greater London Authority has recently developed, with the Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers, guidance for developers to address the risk of overheating in buildings via the provision of weather files for London relating to three zones. While such an initiative is welcomed, it may be that a weather file tailored to the building location would be preferable. Of course, this would add further complexity to the process and a view would have to be taken as the viability of such an approach. The work presented in this article, however, suggests that serious consideration should be given to the use of tailored weather data for regulatory purposes.

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