scholarly journals Transportation habits and opinions of railway users in Athens, Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 (1) ◽  
pp. 012065
Author(s):  
Georgia Chira ◽  
Dimitra Kaika ◽  
Fotini Kehagia ◽  
Efi Drimili ◽  
Zoe Gareiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract The Greek economic crisis of 2009 onwards has affected all aspects of social and economic life of the country, including transportation. Taking into account the link between the economic crisis and transportation, the present study aims to investigate the way that the economic crisis has affected the interurban travel rail habits of the citizens of Athens, the capital of Greece. We conducted a study, using a questionnaire survey with 400 participants, to investigate the general trends concerning the purpose and the frequency of railway travelling and the restrictions of their travel activities due to the economic recession. The results of this study show that more than half of respondents declared that there is not any great difference in their use of rail as transport during last years, while they express a positive opinion as they attribute it to the higher safety and comfort of railway compared to other transportation modes. However, the cost of the ticket and the provided level of service are two significant factors for the participants for the choice of their transportation mode.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Economic Recession in Greece on Assisted Reproduction Demand: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Sfakianoudis ◽  
Mara Simopoulou ◽  
Anna Rapani ◽  
Sokratis Grigoriadis ◽  
Evangelos Maziotis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Greek Economy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
The Impact

Background and objectives: Since 2009, the decline of the Greek economy has been in the spotlight of the world’s financial agenda. This study assesses the economic crisis’ impact on assisted reproduction demand dynamics. Materials and Methods: Patient records were recruited between 2005–2017. In 2013 the clinic proceeded with a cost reduction. The studied time-frames were defined accordingly: Period A: Prior to economic crisis, Period B: During the economic crisis-prior to cost reduction, and Period C: During the economic crisis-following cost reduction. Analysis focused on parameters reflecting on patient characteristics, decision to inquire on IVF treatment, embarking on it, and proceeding with multiple cycles. Results: The mean annual number of first visit patients was significantly decreased during Period B (1467.00 ± 119.21) in comparison to period A (1644.40 ± 42.57) and C (1637.8 ± 77.23). Furthermore, Period C in comparison to B and A, refers to women of more advanced age (37.27 ± 5.62 vs 36.04 ± 5.76 vs 35.53 ± 5.28), reporting a longer infertility period (8.49 ± 6.25 vs 7.01 ± 5.66 vs 6.46 ± 5.20), being inclined to abandon IVF treatment sooner (2.78 ± 2.51 vs 2.60 ± 1.92 vs 4.91 ± 2.28). Conclusions: A decline regarding assisted reproduction techniques (ART) demand was noted as anticipated. Redefining the cost of infertility treatments may contribute towards overcoming the troubling phenomenon of postponing pregnancy due to financial concerns.

scholarly journals PEMILIHAN MODA TRANSPORTASI SETELAH ADANYA KERETA COMUTER LINE (STUDI DAERAH PENYANGGA JAKARTA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Aris Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT This study aimed to get a general idea about the selection of transportation modes resident in the buffer after the comuter line. The research time of the month from May to July 2014. The population in this study were all passengers in the Depok , Bekasi , Tangerang stasiun . The sampling technique was done by purposive sampling, passengers who choose rail transportation mode before applying commuterline using other modes . Each station 30 so that the total of 90 respondents. Characteristic of the youngest respondents aged 16 years and the oldest 50 years with an average of 26.9 years . The Based work on non-civil . Based on the level of respondents at most high school education. Based on user characteristics of respondents have either two-wheel motor vehicles and driving licence (SIM) equipped . Motor vehicles used by the respondent as a feeder . Average of the marital status of unmarried respondents . For those who are married earned income respondents said inadequate needs . Inadequate income would find it difficult to save . Respondents largely did not participate in the community commuter line . Based on the characteristics of the movement of the majority of respondents travel destinations for work purposes . Based on the characteristics mode facility, respondents to travel departing in the morning , come home in the afternoon rush hour . Respondents went on a trip with other existing modes . Respondents do not make the shift from the other trains . Travel time required respondents to make every trip is in accordance with her wishes . For short trips ( 10 stasion ) takes 50 minutes . Resonden not rest / sleep when the train . The cost for short trips ( 10 stations ) of Rp 3,000 , including low cost . Respondents were more likely to use multi- trip cards than single trip. The respondents were unable to seat. Keywords : comuter line , election , mode , transportation

scholarly journals Impact of Economic Crisis on Passenger Transportation – Case of Travelling to the Greek Mainland from Crete

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-360
Author(s):  
Eleni Chita ◽  
Efi Drimili ◽  
Zoe Gareiou ◽  
Christina Milioti ◽  
Antigoni Vranna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Greek Island

The Greek economic crisis of 2009 onwards has affected all aspects of social and economic life of the country, including transportation. The present study focuses on the impact of economic crisis on the long distance transportation between the island of Crete in Greece, the largest Greek island and one of the largest in the Mediterranean Sea, and the Greek mainland. A questionnaire survey was used to investigate the opinions of the Cretans on the way the economic crisis influenced their transportation to the Greek mainland. The results of the survey show that the frequency of the Cretans’ travels was significantly limited, owing to the increased direct or indirect associated cost, due to the economic crisis. Especially for those who struggled to make ends meet, the transportation to the mainland dropped to the bare essentials. Furthermore, the respondents deemed that the deregulation of the Greek maritime and airline markets was also to blame for the high fares, thus they favoured a regulated public transport sector and were against privatization. Inevitably, financially vulnerable individuals were the most preoccupied with these issues. A feeling of isolation and exclusion was revealed by the sample on occasions when the scheduled trips were cancelled by the operators due to exogenous parameters.

The impact of economic crisis on mental and physical health in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
S. Tomassi ◽  
M. Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Summary Background: The global crisis that began in 2007 has been the most prolonged economic recession since 1929. It has caused worldwide tangible costs in terms of cuts in employment and income, which have been widely recognised also as major social determinants of mental health (1, 2). The so-called “Great Recession” has disproportionately affected the most vulnerable part of society of the whole Eurozone (3). Across Europe, an increase in suicides and deaths rates due to mental and behavioural disorders was reported among those who lost their jobs, houses and economic activities as a consequence of the crisis.

Competition Policy under Economic Crisis

2009 ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shastitko ◽  
S. Avdasheva ◽  
S. Golovanova
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Price Rigidity ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of competition policy under economic crisis is motivated by the fact that competition is a key factor for the level of productivity. The latter, in its turn, influences the scope and length of economic recession. In many Russian markets buyers' gains decline because of the weakness of competition, since suppliers are reluctant to cut prices in spite of the decreasing demand. Data on prices in Russia and abroad in the second half of 2008 show asymmetric price rigidity. At least two questions are important under economic crisis: the 'division of labor' between pro-active and protective tools of competition policy and the impact of anti-crisis policy on competition. Protective competition policy is insufficient in transition economy, especially in the days of crisis it should be supplemented with the well-designed industrial policy measures which do not contradict the goals of competition. The preferable tools of anti-crisis policy are also those that do not restrain competition.

scholarly journals Optimal Renovation Strategies through Life-Cycle Analysis in a Pilot Building Located in a Mild Mediterranean Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1423
Author(s):  
José Manuel Salmerón Lissen ◽  
Cristina Isabel Jareño Escudero ◽  
Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽  
Miriam Navarro Escudero ◽  
Theoni Karlessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
The Cost

The 2030 climate and energy framework includes EU-wide targets and policy objectives for the period 2021–2030 of (1) at least 55% cuts in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels); (2) at least 32% share for renewable energy; and (3) at least 32.5% improvement in energy efficiency. In this context, the methodology of the cost-optimal level from the life-cycle cost approach has been applied to calculate the cost of renovating the existing building stock in Europe. The aim of this research is to analyze a pilot building using the cost-optimal methodology to determine the renovation measures that lead to the lowest life-cycle cost during the estimated economic life of the building. The case under study is an apartment building located in a mild Mediterranean climate (Castellon, SP). A package of 12 optimal solutions has been obtained to show the importance of the choice of the elements and systems for renovating building envelopes and how energy and economic aspects influence this choice. Simulations have shown that these packages of optimal solutions (different configurations for the building envelope, thermal bridges, airtightness and ventilation, and domestic hot water production systems) can provide savings in the primary energy consumption of up to 60%.

Factors affecting the future of the Scottish hydrometric network

1987 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Poodle
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Data Standards ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Minor Extent

ABSTRACTThe Scottish Hydrometric Network consists of a number of river gauging stations which have been located at sites considered suitable to provide long term flow records. Economic recession has placed some stress on the gauging programme, and has given rise to extensive closures of gauging stations in England and, to a minor extent so far, in Scotland. The way in which the network became established provides a mixture of strengths and weaknesses which could have unpredictable consequences in an adverse economic climate. Changing technology provides some opportunity to reduce the cost of data acquisition and improve the deployment of manpower, while maintaining data standards. In these changing circumstances, particularly with extensive use of computer systems, it is important that standards are established for data returned to the Water Archive and that the network is not allowed to degenerate by default.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Understanding of headache patterns modification in an emergency department during the economic crisis of Greece

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1379-1379
Author(s):  
Anastasia Bougea ◽  
Nicolaos Spantideas ◽  
Evangelos Anagnostou ◽  
Efthalia Massou ◽  
Sophia Xirou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Of Greece

The Causes of Greek Decline

1944 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Walbank
Keyword(s):  
Economic Life ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Of Greece

In one of the most popular anthology passages in Latin, Servius Sulpicius, writing to console Cicero for his daughter's death, describes how, as he reached Greek waters, sailing from Asia, he began to look about him at the ruins of Greece. ‘Behind me was Aegina, in front of me Megara, on the right the Piraeus, on the left Corinth, cities which had once been prosperous, but now lay shattered ruins before my sight.’ Oppidum cadavera he goes on to call them—corpses of cities! The picture, it will probably be objected, is overdrawn; certainly the ruin of Greece was, by Cicero's time, already a rhetorical commonplace, to be echoed by Horace, Ovid and Seneca in turn. But it was based upon an essential truth. The Saronic Gulf, once the centre of the world, was now, for all that Greece meant, a dead lake lapping about the foundations of dead cities. In that tragic decay—which was not confined to mainland Greece—we are confronted with one of the most urgent problems of ancient history, and one with a special significance for our generation, who were already living in an age of economic, political and spiritual upheaval, even before the bombs began to turn our own cities into shattered ruins.This, then, is my reason for reopening a subject on which there is scope for such diverse opinion: adeo maxima quaeque ambigua sunt. If any further justification is required, then I will only add that the recent publication of Professor Michael Rostovtzeff's classic study of the social and economic life of the Hellenistic Age is at once an invitation and a challenge.

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