scholarly journals Role of Humic Acid and Chemical Fertilizer in NPK Concentration, Growth and Yield of Broccoli Under Salinity Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012085
Author(s):  
Khaleel J. Al-Issawi ◽  
Kamal H. Al-Dulaimi ◽  
Bassam A.A.H Alkhateb

Abstract A field experiment was conducted during the winter agricultural season 2020. To study the effect of humic acid and fertilizer recommendation, humic acid was supplied with irrigation water at two levels i.e., 0 and 0.25 gm L-1. Nine levels of the fertilizer recommendation were applied according to the fertilizer recommendation of 92kg N.h-1, 200 kg P. h-1 and 150 kg K. h-1 taking the symbols of F1to F9. The results showed the superiority of the treatments of humic acid application( 0.25 gm l-1) in the traits of plant height, Weight of broccoli head, total yield, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium concentrations, by giving 32.64 cm, 246.5 gm plant-1, 8.215 tons ha-1, 5.541%, 0.3816%, and 3. 641% respectively, the treatment of adding chemical fertilizer at a level of 125% N + 125% P + % K 125 of the fertilizer recommendation(F2) gave the highest plant height of 36.60 cm, Weight of broccoli head of 269.2 g plant-1, total yield of 8.972 tons H-1, nitrogen concentration 5.817% and concentration Phosphorous 0.3141% compared to treatment F9, while treatment F5 gave the highest potassium concentration 3.893% compared to treatment F9 (1.914%).

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
E. K. Al-Fahdawe ◽  
A. A. Al-Sumaidaie ◽  
Y. K. Al-Hadithy

A pots experiment was conducted at the Department of Biology/College of Education for Girls/University of Anbar during Autumn season of 2018-2019 to study the effect of the salinity irrigation water and spray by humic acid in some of morphological, physiological, growth and yield traits of wheat cv. IPa. The experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was assigned for irrigation by saline water at four level (S0, S1, S2 and S3), while the second factor was the foliar spraying of humic acid in three level (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1). The results showed that there was significant reduction in plant height, vegetative dry weight, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content when the plants were irrigated by saline water approached to 41.09 cm, 0.747 g, 0.849 g plant-1 and 38.67 SPAD, respectively at salinity level of 8.3 ds m-1 compared with the plants which irrigated by fresh water. The total carbohydrates were significantly decreased at the treatment of 8.3 ds m-1 reached 18.71 mg g-1. Spray levels humic acid achieved a significant increase in plant height, dry weight of the vegetative part, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content sprayed at 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1 compared to no sprayed. Nitrogen concentration was significantly increased, while both phosphorus and potassium were decreased in the vegetative parts of wheat as the salinity of irrigation water increased. However, the increase of humic acid levels led to significant increasing in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration.


2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012080
Author(s):  
Luma Salih Jabbar Al-Taweel ◽  
Ahmed Malik Waheed Al-Saadawi

Abstract In order to study the effect of adding humic acid, vermicompost and nano-phosphorous on the growth characteristics and yield of maize. An experiment was carried out in one of the fields located in Afak sub-district - Diwaniyah Governorate - Iraq in the autumn season 2020. The experiment was carried out according to a Complete Randomized Blocks Design with three replications. The treatments included adding humic acid at three levels (0, 10 and 20) kg H−1 and coded (H0, H1 and H2) sequentially, while vermicompost was added at two levels (0 and 4) tons H−1 and coded (V0 and V1) sequentially. While nano-phosphorous was added at three levels (0, 5 and 10) kg H−1 that coded by (nP0, nP1 and nP2) sequentially. The results of the experiment showed outperform the fertilizer combination (VnP1), which consisted of vermicompost (4) H− 1ton and nano-phosphorous (5) kgH−1, as it recorded the highest content of chlorophyll in leaves, the highest plant height, the highest weight of the vegetative and root system, the percentage of protein and the total grain yield (66.53). SPAD and 269.93 cm, 53.53 g and 11.853 g) compared to the control treatment that recorded the lowest values, followed by treatment (V) with a single effect of vermicompost (4) tonH−1, which outperformed in the content of leaves from chlorophyll, plant height, dry weight of the vegetative and root system and the percentage of the protein and total yield which recorded (SPAD 65.77, 263.50 cm, 53.04 g, 11.520 g, 12.25% and 12,393 mcg H−1) compared to the control treatment that recorded the lowest values, as the second level of single nano-phosphorous fertilizer (nP2) was significantly superior compared to the levels addition of nP and comparison treatment.


Author(s):  
Ali Moutcher Murzah Al-Shamri - Najm Abdullah Juma Al - Zuba

A factorial experiment was applied according to Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications, during the spring season 2017 in Diyala / Baquba / Buhriz city, using silt loam soil to study the effect of four levels of foliar fertilization with humic acid 0, 2, 4, 6 ml.L-1 in the growth and yield of sunflower, Helianthus annuus  L. (LuLeo). The results showed significant differences for level of humic acid 6 ml.L-1 in plant height which gave an average 213.73 cm, leaf area of the plant 5597.32 cm2, chlorophyll index 48.64 SPAD, dry weight of the plant 215.0 g, number of seeds in the flowery disc 1494 seed.disc-1, 1000 seeds weight 88.3 g, plant yield 127.91 g.plant-1, total yield 6.81 ton.h-1 and oil percentage in the seeds 43.184%, while the level 4 ml.L-1 humic acid gave the highest average for the protein percentage in the seeds 18.34%.


Author(s):  
M. S. A. Emam, Z. El-S Lacheene, M. A. Medany, U. A. El-Beha

This study was conducted under unheated plastic house condition at Arid Land services and Research Center (ALARC), Faculty of agriculture - Ain Shams University, Egypt, during two successive autumn seasons 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 ability of use to investigate the Rhizobium inoculation as bio-fertilizer to reduce the use of mineral nitrogen fertilizers in the substrate culture and its effect on the growth and yield of Snap bean (phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Goya Four different mineral nitrogen rates (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of 200 ppm) with Rhizobium inoculation compared to 100% mineral N without inoculation also two different types of substrate systems (containers and pots) were in this investigation. The experimental design was split plot with three replicates. Vegetative growth, plant height, chlorophyll reading (spad), total leaves area, early and total yield, chemical analysis of pods, total soluble solids (T.S.S.%), total protein, total nitrogen content, number of nodules and nitrogenase activity were measured.    Data showed that container system had a significant effect on vegetative growth parameters (plant height, chlorophyll reading (spad), and total leave area), and fruit weight (early and total fruit weight). Chemical properties of pods, number of nodules and nitrogenase activity compared to pots system. Control treatment (100% N without inoculation) and (100% N with inoculation) recorded the highest vegetative growth, early and total yield, T.S.S.(%), pod protein and total nitrogen content followed by 50 % N with Rhizobium inoculations. Moreover, data showed that 50% N gave the highest number of nodules and nitrogenase activity. Data showed that there were no significant among controls, 100%, 75% and 50% N combined with container and 100% N combined with pots followed by control combined with pots. Increase nitrogen rates led to increase the values of plant height, chlorophyll reading (spad), early yield and total yield.


2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Mutiara AMANAH ◽  
Soekarno Mismana PUTRA

Increasing productivity and sugar yield of sugarcane are required to meet the increasing demand for sugar. Biostimulants application is one of the effort to increase the productivity and rendement of sugar, especially at drought stress conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of biostimulants on the performance of sugarcane var. Kidang Kencana known susceptible to drought stress. The research was conducted in the greenhouse with several biostimulant treatments i.e. P0: Control, P1: Citorin-R, P2: Citorin-R and Citorin-S (1x spray) P3: Citorin-R and Citorin -S (2x spray), P4: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x spray) and Humic Acid, P5: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x spray), Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza, P6: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (2x spray), Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza. All treatments were subjected with drought stress started from 4 months after planting. The biostimulant treatments resulted in better growth and yield on treated-biostimulan compared to these of control. The best treatment for the vegetative growth and the productive parameters was P6. The plant height, stems diameter, segment number, weight, and sap volume at P6 were respectively 32.2%, 5.5%, 24.0%, 53.2% and 44.7% higher than the control. The best treatment for the sugar yield was P5 and the productivity parameters was P6 respectively, 42.5% and 70.5% higher than the control. The best treatments contained Citorin biostimulant. Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza which increased growth and sugar yield of Kidang Kencana sugarcane at drought stress conditions.[Keywords: drought stress Kidang Kencana variety, plant biostimulant, productivity, sugar yield]. AbstrakPeningkatan produktivitas dan rendemen gula tanaman tebu diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gula yang terus meningkat. Aplikasi biostimulan merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan rendemen gula khususnya pada kondisi tercekam kekeringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian beberapa produk biostimulan terhadap produktivitas tanaman tebu varietas Kidang Kencana yang rentan cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan perlakuan beberapa perlakuan biostimulan pada tanaman tebu, yaitu P0: Kontrol, P1: Citorin-R, P2: Citorin-R dan Citorin-S (1x semprot) P3: Citorin-R dan Citorin-S (2x semprot), P4: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x semprot) dan Asam Humat, P5: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x semprot), Asam Humat dan Mikoriza, P6: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (2x semprot), Asam Humat dan Mikoriza. Seluruh perlakuan diberi kondisi cekaman kekeringan pada 4 bulan setelah tanam. Perlakuan biostimulan memberikan pengaruh serta hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kontrol baik fase vegetatif maupun produktif. Perlakuan terbaik selama fase vegetatif hingga 5 bulan setelah tanam adalah P6. Tinggi batang panen, diameter batang panen, jumlah ruas batang, bobot batang dan volume nira pada P6 meningkat 32,2%, 5,5%, 24,0%, 53,2% dan 44,7% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Perlakuan terbaik untuk parameter rendemen gula adalah P5 dan produktivitas gula adalah P6, masing-masing 42,5% dan 70,5% lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan terbaik tersebut mengandung komponen biostimulan yaitu Citorin, Asam Humat dan Mikoriza yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan rendemen gula tanaman tebu Kidang Kencana pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. [Kata kunci: cekaman kekeringan, varietas Kidang Kencana, biostimulan tanaman, produktivitas, rendemen gula].


Author(s):  
Alwand Tahir R. Dizayee

An experiment has been carried out at field in Gardmalla/Qushtapa with reading GPS (longitude 440035E, Latitude 360023N) ,414 meter above sea level, 15.5 Km far Southern of Erbil city during the Winter season of 2017 to test the effect of application humic acid in soil and spraying boron on the growth and productivity of water on cauliflower. Factorial experiment 3 (humic acid) (0, 10 and 20 kg ha-1 using) × 4 (boron foliar) ( 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kg B ha-1 ) using solid snow cultivars in RCBD with three replicates.Planting solid snow cultivars was done on 11/7/2017 (seeding date), 10 /8 /2017 (transfer to field) and 22/12/ 2017 picking or harvesting date. Irrigation water was applied at 35% depletion to the depth of total plant root and calculate the depth of water applied up to field capacity. Irrigation system is surface flow irrigation through line pipe provided with meter gages for measuring water applied.The results show that the application of boron and humic acid increase significantly all growth and yield parameters of cauliflower improved the highest values of leaf length (cm), leaf width (cm) and chlorophyll content (mg/cm2), recorded 47.67 cm, 28.45 cm and 40.66 mg/cm2; 75.39 cm, 37.55 cm and 43.11 mg/cm2 and 80.0 cm, 40.29 cm and 47.33 mg/cm2 in treatment 2 kg ha-1 of boron foliar and 0, 10 and 20 kg ha-1 of humic acid addition, respectively. The values of curd weight (kg), curd diameter (cm) and total yield (Mg/ha) values were 0.97 kg, 19.45 cm and 25.38 Mg/ha; 1.33 kg, 22.33 cm and 32.66 Mg/ha and 1.40 kg, 23.78 cm and 36.53 Mg/ha in treatment 2 kg ha-1 of boron foliar and 0, 10 and 20 kg ha-1 of humic acid application, respectively. Values of water productivity (Kg/m3) ranged between 6.25 to 12.18 Kg fresh (green) curd m-3 water applied.


Author(s):  
I. Ibrahim, Iro ◽  
A. Jameela ◽  
K. N. Ninani

The experiment was conducted in Federal College of Forestry demonstration farm Jos, Plateau State to determine the growth and yield components groundnut as affected by phosphorous fertilizer application on the Jos plateau. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising of four treatments (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P ha-1) that were replicated four times on groundnut (SAMNUT 25). Data was collected on germination percentage, plant height, leaf count, number of branches, days to 50% flowering, number of pods/plant, 100 seeds weight, total yield and biomass weight which were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of probability with Minitab 23. Where significance was declared, Fisher LSD method was used to separate the means. The result reveals that no significant effect was recorded for germination percentage. Highly significant effect of phosphorous was observed on the growth and yield components of groundnut. The highest (34.63 cm) plant height, leaf (100.78) count, number (27.13) of branches, days (27.75 days) to 50% flowering, number (34.50) of pods/plant, 100 seeds (52.08 g) weight, total (2.26tha-1) yield and biomass (5.42 tha-1) weight at the application of 60 kg P ha-1. Thus, groundnut farmers are encouraged to engage in the application of 60kg P ha-1 for optimum growth and yield. Further research on other varieties should be conducted to ascertain the best variety and phosphorous rate for optimum groundnut production in the study area.


2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Nikardi Gunadi ◽  
R Maaswinkel ◽  
Tonny Koestani Moekasan ◽  
Laksminiwati Prabaningrum ◽  
Subhan ◽  
...  

Di Indonesia, penelitian tentang pengaruh jumlah cabang per tanaman sangat terbatas dan baru dilakukan pada satu varietas paprika, yaitu cv. Ferrari. Dalam rangka meningkatkan pilihan petani terhadap varietas yang dibudidayakan, penelitian tentang pengaruh jumlah cabang per tanaman pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga varietas paprika perlu dilakukan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Plastik kayu-metal, Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl.), Jawa Barat dari bulan Juni 2007 sampai dengan Februari 2008. Penelitian menguji dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu (1) jumlah cabang per tanaman dengan dua taraf, yaitu dua dan tiga cabang per tanaman serta (2) varietas dengan tiga taraf yaitu varietas Spider, Chang, dan Athena. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah cabang per tanaman berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil paprika. Tanaman paprika dengan sistem tiga cabang menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan sistem dua cabang terutama pada  umur 11 minggu setelah tanam. Tanaman paprika dengan sistem tiga cabang memberikan hasil total dan hasil kelas buah &gt;200 g berturut-turut lebih tinggi  yaitu sebesar 9,3 dan 9,1% daripada tanaman paprika dengan dua cabang. Total hasil varietas Athena dan Spider lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan varietas Chang, tetapi varietas Chang menghasilkan jumlah buah yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan dua varietas lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai rekomendasi untuk pemilihan varietas dan teknik budidaya paprika dalam kondisi rumah plastik di Indonesia.<br /><br /><br />In Indonesia, research on the effect of stem number per plant is very limited and it was conducted only in one sweet pepper variety namely Ferrari. In order to increase the possibility of farmers to choose good cultivated varieties, an experiment needs to be conducted to determine the effect of stem number per plant on the growth and yields of three sweet pepper varieties. This experiment was carried out in the wood-metal plastichouse at the experimental field of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI), Lembang (1,250 m asl.), West Java from June 2007 to February 2008. Two factor treatments tested were (1) number of stem per plant with two levels i.e. two stems and three stems per plant and (2) varieties of sweet pepper i.e. Spider, Chang, and Athena. The treatment combinations were arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The results indicated that number of stem per plant significantly affected the growth and yield of sweet pepper. The plant height of sweet pepper plants grown with three stems were significantly higher than those with two stems, especially after 11 weeks after planting. The plants grown with three stems per plant gave higher total yield and yield of class &gt;200 g up to 9.3 and 9.1%, respectively than the ones grown with two stems per plant. The total yield and yield of class &gt; 200 g of Athena and Spider were significantly higher than those of Chang. However, Chang yielded more number of fruits compared to Athena and Spider. The results can be used as a recommendation in variety selection and cultivation of sweet pepper grown under plastichouse  conditions in Indonesia.<br /><br />


Author(s):  
U. M. Umar ◽  
I. Ibrahim, Iro ◽  
S. M. Obidola

Aims: To determine the effect of Kalli organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of radish. Study Design: The experimental design used for this study was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of four (4) treatments (0, 400, 500 and 600 kgha-1) which were replicated four (4) times. Place and Duration of the Study: The experiment was conducted at Federal College of Forestry Jos, Plateau State located in the North Central part of Nigeria between September – October, 2018. Methods: Soil samples were collected and analysed. Agronomic practices such as land preparation, planting, fertilizer application, weeding and harvesting were also carried out. The data was collected on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of roots, length of roots, diameter of roots, root weight and root yield. Data collected was analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Minitab 23 statistical package at 5% level of probability and where significance was determined Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to separate the means. Results: The findings from this research work revealed that there was no significant effect of Kalli organic fertilizer on the plant height, number of leaves. But the leaf area was found to be significant (p=0.05) at 8WAP with the application of 600 kgha-1 recording the largest (143.30 cm2) leaf. The number of roots, length of roots, weight of root and total yield was found to be significant (P=0.05) on the application of different levels of Kalli organic fertilizer. The application of 600 kgha-1 produced the highest number (35.50) of radish roots, length (24.83 cm) of radish roots, weight (7.20 kg) of radish and total yield (18000 kgha-1) of Radish. Conclusion: Based on this research study it could be concluded that the application of Kalli (600 kgha-1) organic fertilizer significantly increased the yield of Radish. It is therefore recommended that organic fertilizer can be applied for optimum production of Radish.


2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu-Alaees & AL-Baity

A field experiment was carried out in the vegetable field of Horticulture Department and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture, Abu-Ghraib  In the spring season 2014 to study the Role of Sustainable agriculture in the growth and yield of Eggplant, were studied of Two factors the first factor represent two treatment, first is shading with plastic nets (50% light) and the second without shading, each of these treatment contained three replicates and distributed randomly these eight treatments (without adding, Endospor Dry Mix, Biohealth, Amino Alexin, interacion between Endospor Dry Mix and Biohealth interaction between Endospor Dry Mix and Amino Alexin interaction between Biohealth and Amino Alexin triple interaction between Endospor Dry Mix and Biohealth and Amino Alexin and symbolized by (Control, A, B, O, AB, AO, BO and ABO). The experiment carried out within (Nested Design), and analyzed according to test least significant difference ( LSD) and at the probability level of 5%, Results showed the treatment A gavr a significant increase at height of the plant (98.5 cm), and the number of leaves (135.0 leaf.plant-1), and the dry weight of vegetative (125.8 g), and the length of the main root (51.17 cm), and the dry weight of roots (17.82  g), and the length of the fruit (11.64 cm), and the diameter of the fruit (6.40 cm), and the number of fruits (13.45 fruit), and the plant yield (2.30kg.plant-1). It excelled treatment using  biostimulative ABO significantly in (leaf content of N 3.045%), and ( leaf contant P 0.684%), and (leaf content K 2.878%). The treatment of shading significantly in the plant height (97.6 cm), and the number of  leaves (117.4 leaf.plant-1), and the dry weight of vegetative (108.5 g), and the length of the main root (47.54 cm) and the dry weight of the roots (12.91 g) and the length of the fruit (11.14 cm) and the fruit diameter (6.71 cm) and the weight of the fruit (169.6 g) and the number of fruits (11.21 fruit.plant-1) and the plant yield (1.91 kg.plant-1). The interaction between treatment A and shading significantly in the number of leaves (150.0 leaf.plant-1), and the dry weight of vegetative (136.7 g) and the length of the main root (53.0 cm), and the dry weight of roots (21.38 g) and the length of the fruit (12.80 cm) and the number of fruits (14.37 fruit. plant -1) and the plant yield (2.47 kg.plant-1). The interaction between the treatment AO and the shading significantly in the plant height (122.7 cm), and the length of the main root (53.00 cm) and the diameter of the fruit (7.10 cm).


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