scholarly journals The effect of slope aspect on growth attributes of Shorea leprosula Miq. in a rehabilitated hilly landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
N Attarik ◽  
P Pamoengkas ◽  
H H Rachmat
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Shorea Leprosula ◽  
Slope Class

Abstract Shorea leprosula Miq. is one of Indonesia’s native red meranti species with a higher growth increment than other meranti species. Gunung Dahu Research Forest is a rehabilitated hilly landscape planted with various species of Dipterocarpaceae. This study aims to analyze the growth performance of 24 years old of S. leprosula stands in various slope classes of line planting technique at Gunung Dahu Research Forest. Growth analysis of S. leprosula was carried out by measuring the stem diameter, total tree height, basal area, diameter increment, height increment, and Leaf Area Index (LAI). Slopes were divided into three classes: mild/gentle (15-25%), steep (>25-45%) and very steep (>45%). The results showed that slope class significantly affected height growth and the canopy cover of S. leprosula, but it did not affect the diameter growth. A very steep slope provided the best growth to diameter (average diameter 30.07 cm; MAI 1.25 cm/year) and height (average height 23.7 m; MAI 0.99 m year−1). Furthermore, a linear relationship was formed between the crown cover and slope class in which denser crowns were established in response to a steeper slope (LAI 3.4). Thus, planting S. leprosula as a rehabilitation effort in steep slope landscape delivers beneficial as they showed better growth performance.

scholarly journals Growth assessment of upper hill dipterocarp (Shorea platyclados) at the various slope in a rehabilitated landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
F Reksawinata ◽  
P Pamoengkas ◽  
H H Rachmat
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Shorea Platyclados ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Abstract Rehabilitation aims to improve landscape function while increasing its resilience to climate change. Gunung Dahu research forest is a rehabilitated hilly landscape that is planted with more than 25 dipterocarp species, including an upper hill dipterocarp tree of Shorea platyclados at various site conditions. This study aimed to assess the growth performance of S. platyclados at five sloping levels class of 0-8%, 8-15%, 15-25%, 25-45%, and >45%. Observed growth attributes were stem diameter, total height, basal area, Mean Annual Increment (MAI), and Leaf Area Index (LAI), and diameter. The results showed that sloping levels significantly affect the growth performance of the planted trees. The highest slope level (>45%) supported the highest average stem diameter and tree height (41.48 cm and 20.86 m). The sloping level of >45%, 25-45%, 15-25%, 8-15%, and 0-8% yield different value of average diameter which were 41.48 cm, 35.86 cm, 36.54 cm, 34.61 cm, and 31.23, while the average height were 20, 86m, 19.78 m, 16.72 m, 18.84 m, 18.61 m respectively. Thus, the upper hill dipterocarp of S. platyclados is a prospective native tree species for rehabilitating hilly upland landscapes.

scholarly journals The effect of planting technique on the growth of two Shorea species in Gunung Dahu, Bogor, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henti H Rachmat ◽  
PRIJANTO PAMOENGKAS ◽  
LUSIANA SHOLIHAH ◽  
RIZKI ARY FAMBAYUN ◽  
Arida Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Forest Research ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Shorea Species ◽  
Shorea Leprosula ◽  
Development Center

One of the rehabilitation efforts undertaken by the Forest Research and Development Center in Bogor was to establish a mixed meranti(Dipterocarp) forest in the Gunung Dahu Research Forest, Bogor - West Java. The rehabilitation activities adopted several planting techniques, including total and line planting, used several types of red meranti (Shorea spp.). The purpose of this study was to assess the success of rehabilitation effort by analyzing the growth performance of Shorea leprosula and Shorea selanicastands in which applying total and line planting techniques. Diameter and height, as well as environmental factors such as soil texture, average litter thickness, slope, the average thickness of topsoil, and canopy density, were plant growth parameters that were observed. Growth data analysis was performed using ANOVA and followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that planting techniques affected the diameter growth. The highest growth rate was found in S. selanicaspecies with line planting techniques with the average diameter and height increment was 1.13 cm/year and 0.78 cm/year. Line planting techniques also scored the highest value of basal area and stand volumes, 0.06 m2 and 0.64 m3per year for S. leprosulaand 0.06 m2and 0.66 m3per year for S. selanica.

scholarly journals Etude dendrométrique de Lophira lanceolata de la forêt classée de Toui-Kilibo et ses environs au Bénin

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1657-1672
Author(s):  
Roméo Worou Adjeran ◽  
Toussaint Olou Lougbegnon ◽  
Gaudence Julien Djego
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Relative Dominance ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Lophira Lanceolata ◽  
Sustainable Conservation

La connaissance des paramètres dendrométriques d’une espèce est nécessaire pour sa conservation durable. Elle permet d’évaluer les ressources disponibles et de lutter contre sa destruction. Cette étude analyse les paramètres dendrométriques de Lophira lanceolata de la forêt classée de Toui-Kilibo et ses environs au Bénin. Les données dendrométriques sont collectées à l’intérieur de 64 placettes carrées de 30 mètres de côté. L’analyse des données prend en compte la contribution en surface terrière de Lophira lanceolata, la densité relative, la dominance relative, la fréquence, l’amplitude d’habitat, le diamètre moyen par les types de formations végétales. Le diamètre moyen de Lophira lanceolata (25,5 cm), la hauteur moyenne (15,21 cm) et la surface terrière moyenne (0,63 m2/ha) de la forêt claire et savane boisée sont supérieurs aux autres types de formations végétales. Ce constat est fait également sur la fréquence, la densité relative, la dominance relative. La contribution en surface terrière de Lophira lanceolata est de 9,363% en forêt claire et savane boisée, 7,398% en savane arborée et arbustive et 2,65% en champs et jachères. En forêt claire et savane boisée, lorsque le diamètre de Lophira lanceolata s’accroît d’un centimètre, sa surface terrière augmente de 0,043 m2/ha. L’étude permet de connaître les ressources disponibles sur Lophira lanceolata et de prendre les décisions sur son aménagement.Mots clés : Lophira lanceolata, paramètres dendrométriques, forêt, savane, Bénin. English Title: Dendrometric study of Lophira lanceolata of the Toui-Kilibo classified forest and its surroundings in Benin Knowledge of the dendrometric parameters of a species is necessary for its sustainable conservation. It makes it possible to assess the resources available and to combat its destruction. This study analyses the dendrometric parameters of Lophira lanceolata of the classified forest of Toui-Kilibo and its surroundings in Benin. Dendrometric data is collected inside 64 square plots 30 meters wide. Data analysis concerns the contribution in basal area of Lophira lanceolata, the relative density, the relative dominance, the frequency, the range of habitat, the average diameter by the types of plant formations. The average diameter of Lophira lanceolata (25.5 cm), the average height (15.21 cm) and the average basal area (0.63 m2/ha) of the open forest and wooded savannah are superior to other types of plant formations. This observation is also made on the frequency, the relative density, the relative dominance. The contribution in basal area of Lophira lanceolata is 9.363% in open forest and wooded savannah, 7.398% in tree and shrubby savannah and 2.65% in fields and fallows. In open forest and wooded savannah, when the diameter of Lophira lanceolata increases by one centimeter its basal area increases by 0.043 m2/ha. The study makes it possible to know the resources available on Lophira lanceolata and to take decisions on its development.Keywords: Lophira lanceolata, dendrometric parameters, forest, savanna, Benin.

scholarly journals The growth Shorea leprosula Miq. on various slopes and directions of slopes in Gunung Dahu Research Forest, Bogor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-379
Author(s):  
Prijanto Pamoengkas ◽  
Henti Hendalastuti Rachmat ◽  
Hana Afiana
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
The North ◽  
Shorea Leprosula ◽  
Slope Class ◽  
Slope Direction ◽  
Total Average

Shorea leprosula Miq is a Dipterocarps forest plantation that has the prospect of being developed because it is a fast-growing species with high economic value. Given its commercial importance, this study was conducted to analyze the effect of slope class and slope direction on growth. Data were collected using the census method on S.leprosula stands with a spacing of 2m x 2m and 4m x 8m. The direction of the slope is determined based on the configuration of the slope according to the cardinal directions, while the slope of the land is determined based on the classification of the slope class of the land. The results showed that the slope class, slope direction, and the interaction between factors had a significant effect on the growth of S.leprosula. The interaction between the slope class and the direction of the slope produces the highest average annual increment of diameter in the flat slope class with the direction of the slope facing north, which is 1.79 m / year while the highest annual increment of the total average height is in the very steep slope class with to the slope facing to the north at 0.82 m / year.

scholarly journals Utjecaj intenziteta prorjeda na rast azijske bukve (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) u plantažama u Trabzonu na sjeveroistoku Turske

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Ayhan Usta ◽  
Ibrahim Turna ◽  
Esengül Genc ◽  
Yavuz Okunur Kocamanoglu ◽  
Selvinaz Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Fagus Orientalis ◽  
Thinning Intensity ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Oriental Beech ◽  
Fagus Orientalis Lipsky ◽  
Area And Volume

In this study, the effects of first thinnings having different intensities in oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) plantation areas were investigated in terms of diameter and height growth of trees. Sample plots were chosen from oriental beech plantation areas which are within the boundaries of Maçka–Yeşiltepe and Vakfıkebir districts of Trabzon province, Turkey. With removing of 0%, 10%, 25% and 40% of basal area in a hectare of stands which are in sapling stage, sample plots were established by applying thinnings which are in four different intensities (control, light, moderate, strong). After the thinning applications, basal areas were calculated by measuring diameters and heights of trees in established sample plots in order to reveal stand growth. The effects of thinnings were revealed related to some stand characteristics (average diameter, basal area, average height, relative diameter increment, etc.) and determined chosen trees. The effect of thinning intensity on average diameter, basal area, and volume values is statistically important in every two plantations. 2-year results showed that thinning increased the diameter increment significantly, and the increase in diameter increment was positively correlated with the thinning intensity in both experiments. Moreover, increments of diameter, height, basal area, and volume were higher in Maçka-Yeşiltepe experiment than in Vakfıkebir experiment. But, the values of moderate and strong thinning intensities applied in Vakfıkebir were close to each other. When all the results are evaluated, application of strong thinning intensity for Yeşiltepe sample plot, the moderate thinning intensity for Vakfıkebir sample plot is seen appropriate by us in terms of both stand development.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF SOIL AND FOREST VEGETATION OF SLOPE LANDSCAPES OF FOREST-STEPPE OF KAMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Эндже Галиуллина ◽  
Endzhe Galiullina ◽  
Айрат Сабиров ◽  
Ayrat Sabirov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Average Height ◽  
High Survival ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Protective Forest

4 types of protective forest stands have been studied: moor, slope, soil, roadside on the degraded lands of the Eastern Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. Protective forests of artificial origin, formed of pine, larch, spruce, poplar, birch, maple, elm. The following types of forest biogeocenosis are distinguished: pine grass, mixed birch forest, spruce grass, poplar motley grass. Protective forest phytocenoses have a significant variety of plants, 14 species of woody, 6 species of shrubby and semi-shrub species, 39 species of herbaceous plants have been identified. In the composition of phytocoenoses, pine plantations predominate, the share of deciduous crops is low - 7-12%. Protective stands of slope landscapes of the forest-steppe of the Kama region have 1st class of age for coniferous species and I-II classes of age for hardwoods, are characterized by high productivity: they grow according to II-I class of bonitet. Pine stands are highly productive, single-stage, clean in composition. The largest reserve of wood is the mixed pine forest. The average diameter of plantations varies from 7.3 to 10.9 cm, the average height varies from 5.7 to 8.8 m. Type of forest conditions D2 (fresh oak forest). Deciduous protective plantations of poplar hybrids-38 and birch bark have a high survival rate and productivity (class I bonitet). The average diameter of plantations varies from 5.3 to 6.8 cm, the average height varies from 6.0 to 7.0 m. Plantations grow: on fertile gray forest soils developed on deluvial and loesslike loams; brown-brown forest soils developed on Permian rocks; rendzinas typical and leached, developed on limestones. The soils have a loose composition of the upper horizons, which transform into dense horizons in the lower horizons; medium loamy, heavy loam and light-clay granulometric composition, good water-resistant structure, high content of agronomically valuable aggregates of 0.25-10 mm in size, saturated with organic matter, and possess high forest growth properties.

scholarly journals Growth and structure of pre-mature mixed stands of Scots pine created by direct seeding in the boreal zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ilintsev ◽  
Darya Soldatova ◽  
Alexander Bogdanov ◽  
Sergey Koptev ◽  
Sergey Tretyakov
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Normal Distribution Curve ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Northern European Russia

The purpose of the research is to analyse the successful creation of an artificial pine forest by seeding and develop recommendations for the guaranteed reproduction of pine stands in Northern European Russia. In recent decades, there has been a steady decline in the share of pine stands and their replacement with low-value and low-yielding tree species. We surveyed 12 permanent sample plots that were laid out in various variants of forest crops. The taxation parameters were obtained by a standard analysis of the experimental data. The evaluation parameters of the stands vary within the following limits: the average diameter of the pine trees varied from 21.9 to 30.9 cm; the total basal area of the pine varied from 19.1 to 38.8 m2∙ha–1; the average height of the pine varied from 20.1 to 26.8 m; the number of growing trees varied from 754 to 1 952 ha–1; the pines varied from 382 to 762 ha–1; the growing stocks of stands varied from 416 to 608 m3∙ha–1. The distribution of pine trees by thickness steps showed that all the studied samples were close to the normal distribution curve. The results of the correlation and multidimensional analyses showed that the creation method of the forest crops had a significant impact on the value of the taxation parameters. It was found that the best options for growing pure pine stands that can be recommended for practical production are plots with a large share of soil cultivation and the size of the seedbed.

Predicting forest growth based on airborne light detection and ranging data, climate data, and a simplified process-based model

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Härkönen ◽  
Timo Tokola ◽  
Petteri Packalén ◽  
Lauri Korhonen ◽  
Annikki Mäkelä
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Light Detection And Ranging ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Light Detection ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Forest Inventories

Increasing use of airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) in forest inventories offers new possibilities to apply process-based forest models (PBM) in practice. We present a new approach, where a simplified PBM is run using inputs derived from the LiDAR data. The PBM was built by combining several existing models together, and it was tested with 52 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) dominated sample plots in Finland with the LiDAR (PBM_LIDAR) and field (PMB_FIELD) inputs. The results were compared with empirical growth predictions (EM_FIELD) and field reference growth. LiDAR-based stand variables (mean height of tree and crown base and leaf area index) were, on average, well in line with the field measurements. Basal area growth was slightly underestimated with the PBM_LIDAR (bias 4.1%, root mean square prediction error (RMSPE, 26.7%) and overestimated with the PBM_FIELD (bias –10.2%, RMSPE 33.3%), the EM_FIELD being the least biased (bias –1.9%, RMSPE of 24.6%). The bias varied with stand age and fertility. The dependence on field reference growth was highest with EM_FIELD and PBM_LIDAR (R2 = 0.47 and 0.34, respectively), and lowest with PBM_FIELD (R2 = 0.18). Despite several development needs, the approach is promising for easy incorporation of canopy and weather data into forest growth predictions.

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFICACY OF BIO-CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL, YIELD AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
Yap Chin Ann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Area Index ◽  
K 12

The last nutrient management review of black pepper was done in 1968. There is, therefore, a need to develop new technology to improve pepper production and transfer that technology to production site. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of newly developed biochemical fertilizer on some physiological characteristics, yield and soil fertility of pepper. The treatment consisted of T1 (BS): chemical fertilizer (N:12%, P:12%, K:17%); T2 (BK1): biochemical fertilizer F1 N:15%, P:5%, K:14) and T3 (BK2): biochemical fertilizer F2 (N:13%, P:4%, K:12). The biochemical fertilizer F1 out-yielded chemical and biochemical fertilizer F2 by 75.38% and 16.45% respectively with the higher yield being associated with various phonotypical alterations, which are reported here. Significant measureable changes were observed in physiological processes and plant characteristics, such as large leaf area index, more chlorophyll content and high photosynthesis rate coupled with lower transpiration rate in biochemical fertilizer F1(BK1) treatment compared with other treatment. The high fertility level in biochemical fertilizer F1 and biochemical fertilizer F2 (BK2) reflected the important of organic material in improving soil quality. In conclusion, the achieve high growth performance and yield in pepper, chemical fertilizer alone is insufficient whilst combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer with balance nutrient content gave a significant increase in yield and growth of pepper. 

scholarly journals Spatial Modelling of Gully Erosion Using GIS and R Programing: A Comparison among Three Data Mining Algorithms

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Arabameri ◽  
Biswajeet Pradhan ◽  
Hamid Reza Pourghasemi ◽  
Khalil Rezaei ◽  
Norman Kerle
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Topographic Wetness Index ◽  
Boosted Regression Tree ◽  
Area Index

Gully erosion triggers land degradation and restricts the use of land. This study assesses the spatial relationship between gully erosion (GE) and geo-environmental variables (GEVs) using Weights-of-Evidence (WoE) Bayes theory, and then applies three data mining methods—Random Forest (RF), boosted regression tree (BRT), and multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS)—for gully erosion susceptibility mapping (GESM) in the Shahroud watershed, Iran. Gully locations were identified by extensive field surveys, and a total of 172 GE locations were mapped. Twelve gully-related GEVs: Elevation, slope degree, slope aspect, plan curvature, convergence index, topographic wetness index (TWI), lithology, land use/land cover (LU/LC), distance from rivers, distance from roads, drainage density, and NDVI were selected to model GE. The results of variables importance by RF and BRT models indicated that distance from road, elevation, and lithology had the highest effect on GE occurrence. The area under the curve (AUC) and seed cell area index (SCAI) methods were used to validate the three GE maps. The results showed that AUC for the three models varies from 0.911 to 0.927, whereas the RF model had a prediction accuracy of 0.927 as per SCAI values, when compared to the other models. The findings will be of help for planning and developing the studied region.

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