The growth Shorea leprosula Miq. on various slopes and directions of slopes in Gunung Dahu Research Forest, Bogor

Shorea leprosula Miq is a Dipterocarps forest plantation that has the prospect of being developed because it is a fast-growing species with high economic value. Given its commercial importance, this study was conducted to analyze the effect of slope class and slope direction on growth. Data were collected using the census method on S.leprosula stands with a spacing of 2m x 2m and 4m x 8m. The direction of the slope is determined based on the configuration of the slope according to the cardinal directions, while the slope of the land is determined based on the classification of the slope class of the land. The results showed that the slope class, slope direction, and the interaction between factors had a significant effect on the growth of S.leprosula. The interaction between the slope class and the direction of the slope produces the highest average annual increment of diameter in the flat slope class with the direction of the slope facing north, which is 1.79 m / year while the highest annual increment of the total average height is in the very steep slope class with to the slope facing to the north at 0.82 m / year.

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The effect of slope aspect on growth attributes of Shorea leprosula Miq. in a rehabilitated hilly landscape

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/914/1/012018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 914 (1) ◽

pp. 012018

Author(s):

N Attarik ◽

P Pamoengkas ◽

H H Rachmat

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Basal Area ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Steep Slope ◽

Forest Growth ◽

Slope Aspect ◽

Average Height ◽

Area Index ◽

Shorea Leprosula ◽

Slope Class

Abstract Shorea leprosula Miq. is one of Indonesia’s native red meranti species with a higher growth increment than other meranti species. Gunung Dahu Research Forest is a rehabilitated hilly landscape planted with various species of Dipterocarpaceae. This study aims to analyze the growth performance of 24 years old of S. leprosula stands in various slope classes of line planting technique at Gunung Dahu Research Forest. Growth analysis of S. leprosula was carried out by measuring the stem diameter, total tree height, basal area, diameter increment, height increment, and Leaf Area Index (LAI). Slopes were divided into three classes: mild/gentle (15-25%), steep (>25-45%) and very steep (>45%). The results showed that slope class significantly affected height growth and the canopy cover of S. leprosula, but it did not affect the diameter growth. A very steep slope provided the best growth to diameter (average diameter 30.07 cm; MAI 1.25 cm/year) and height (average height 23.7 m; MAI 0.99 m year−1). Furthermore, a linear relationship was formed between the crown cover and slope class in which denser crowns were established in response to a steeper slope (LAI 3.4). Thus, planting S. leprosula as a rehabilitation effort in steep slope landscape delivers beneficial as they showed better growth performance.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KACANG TANAH DI KECAMATAN SEMAU KABUPATEN KUPANG

Buletin Ilmiah IMPAS ◽

10.35508/impas.v21i01.2607 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 25-33

Author(s):

Deni K.L. Mudin ◽

Paulus Un ◽

Lika Bernadina

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Economic Value ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Land Area ◽

Average Income ◽

Dry Land ◽

Regression Methods ◽

The Cost ◽

Total Average

ABSTRACT Peanuts are one of the high economic value commodities in the dry land area. This commodity also contributes to the social life of the dry land area. This research has been conducted in Semau Sub-district, Kupang Regency, with the aim to determine the amount of income, break event point (BEP), R / C ratio, efficiency of capital use and factors that affect the income of peanuts farming, with the number of farmer respondents as many as 92 people , simple randomly selected. Data that has been collected by survey, library and interview methods; analyzed quantitatively-descriptive using regression methods. The results showed that the total average income of peanut farming in the study location was IDR 1,739,895 with a total average income of IDR 3,498,261 and a total average cost of IDR 1,758,366. While the break event point average of production is 147 Kg and the break event point price is IDR. 6.509, while for the total average the R / C ratio is 1.99. With factors that affect income are production (X1), seed costs (X2), and labor costs (X3). From the regression results with the Cobb-Douglass function the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.822 with the meaning that variations in independent variables such as production, seed costs and labor costs explain the dependent variable namely income (Y) of 82.20% and the rest 17.80 % is explained by variables outside of the variables analyzed. From the results of the F test (diversity test) it was found that the factors X1, X2, and X3 had a significant effect on income at ⍺ 1%, then accept H1 at least one of: βi ≠ 0. Whereas the results of the t test (partial test) obtained that factors significant effect on income, namely production (X1) and labor costs (X2), while the cost of seeds (X3) does not significantly affect income.

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ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF USE LAND IN CONDITIONS OF INFRINGEMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS

Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development ◽

10.37100/2616-7689/2018/1-2(21-22)/11 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 58-61

Author(s):

Oksana Sakal

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Social Welfare ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Economic Value ◽

Economic Effectiveness ◽

Land User ◽

Total Economic Value ◽

Definition Of ◽

Welfare Theory

The article is devoted doctrinal issues of environmental and economic effectiveness of use land in conditions of infringement of institutional transformations. The modern approaches to the definition of content of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use are analyzed. It is established that the overwhelming majority of domestic researchers interpret this notion regarding the use of agricultural land or farm land. It is proved that such an approach is justified, taking into account the structure of the land fund of Ukraine. However, this reduces other goals of the land user and functions of the land. It is proposed to investigate the category of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use in accordance with the provisions of the ecological economics, social welfare theory, and concept of total economic value. Based on the classification of land functions, the criteria of selection material content and social form of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use are determined.

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Demand for Herbaceous Ornamental Germplasm from the North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.650f ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 650f-650

Author(s):

Mark P. Widrlechner

Keyword(s):

Active Sites ◽

Economic Value ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Expert Advice ◽

Recent Analysis ◽

Public And Private ◽

North Central ◽

The North ◽

North Central Regional ◽

Crop Germplasm

In 1991, the USDA–ARS North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station made available for distribution 129 accessions of germplasm representing 31 genera of herbaceous ornamentals. This number increased to 329 accessions of 42 genera by 1995. During 1991–95, more than 500 seed packets were distributed to fulfill requests for these plants received from a diverse array of public and private researchers. An analysis of this demand together with expert advice from Crop Germplasm Committees and technical considerations, such as ease of culture and seed production, can help set priorities to plan germplasm regeneration to meet future demand. A recent analysis of demand at U.S. National Plant Germplasm System active sites indicated that demand ranging between 0.23 and 0.97 distributions per available accession per year was typical. Of the 42 ornamental genera analyzed in this study, 9 were demanded more frequently than was typical, 10 were demanded less frequently, with the remainder in the typical range. In order of increasing frequency, the nine genera with the highest distribution rates were Verbena, Gypsophila, Echinacea, Lapeirousia, Delphinium, Cerastium, Baptisia, Lilium, and Tanacetum. Six of these genera are represented only by a single available accession. Notably, Echinacea and Tanacetum are of research interest both as ornamentals and as medicinal/industrial crops. This poster gives a brief overview of the economic value of these genera, display the results of the demand analysis, discuss the results relative to recommendations from Crop Germplasm Committees and requestors, and consider how demand can shape management plans for the acquisition and regeneration of ornamental germplasm.

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Detection of Rhodococcus fascians, the Causative Agent of Lily Fasciation in South Korea

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10020241 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 241

Author(s):

Joon Moh Park ◽

Jachoon Koo ◽

Se Won Kang ◽

Sung Hee Jo ◽

Jeong Mee Park

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

South Korea ◽

Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽

Economic Value ◽

Virulence Gene ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Herbaceous Perennials ◽

Rhodococcus Fascians ◽

Different Strains

Rhodococcus fascians is an important pathogen that infects various herbaceous perennials and reduces their economic value. In this study, we examined R. fascians isolates carrying a virulence gene from symptomatic lily plants grown in South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis using the nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA, vicA, and fasD led to the classification of the isolates into four different strains of R. fascians. Inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana with these isolates slowed root growth and resulted in symptoms of leafy gall. These findings elucidate the diversification of domestic pathogenic R. fascians and may lead to an accurate causal diagnosis to help reduce economic losses in the bulb market.

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Establishment of Regional Phytoremediation Buffer Systems for Ecological Restoration in the Great Lakes Basin, USA. I. Genotype × Environment Interactions

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12040430 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 430 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ronald S. Zalesny ◽

Andrej Pilipović ◽

Elizabeth R. Rogers ◽

Joel G. Burken ◽

Richard A. Hallett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Great Lakes ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Lake Michigan ◽

Great Lakes Basin ◽

Annual Increment ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

The North ◽

Local Soil

Poplar remediation systems are ideal for reducing runoff, cleaning groundwater, and delivering ecosystem services to the North American Great Lakes and globally. We used phyto-recurrent selection (PRS) to establish sixteen phytoremediation buffer systems (phyto buffers) (buffer groups: 2017 × 6; 2018 × 5; 2019 × 5) throughout the Lake Superior and Lake Michigan watersheds comprised of twelve PRS-selected clones each year. We tested for differences in genotypes, environments, and their interactions for health, height, diameter, and volume from ages one to four years. All trees had optimal health. Mean first-, second-, and third-year volume ranged from 71 ± 26 to 132 ± 39 cm3; 1440 ± 575 to 5765 ± 1132 cm3; and 8826 ± 2646 to 10,530 ± 2110 cm3, respectively. Fourth-year mean annual increment of 2017 buffer group trees ranged from 1.1 ± 0.7 to 7.8 ± 0.5 Mg ha−1 yr−1. We identified generalist varieties with superior establishment across a broad range of buffers (‘DM114’, ‘NC14106’, ‘99038022’, ‘99059016’) and specialist clones uniquely adapted to local soil and climate conditions (‘7300502’, ‘DN5’, ‘DN34’, ‘DN177’, ‘NM2’, ‘NM5’, ‘NM6’). Using generalists and specialists enhances the potential for phytoremediation best management practices that are geographically robust, being regionally designed yet globally relevant.

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Does natural selection favour taller stature among the tallest people on earth?

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2015.0211 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 282 (1806) ◽

pp. 20150211 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Gert Stulp ◽

Louise Barrett ◽

Felix C. Tropf ◽

Melinda Mills

Keyword(s):

Natural Selection ◽

Reproductive Success ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Child Survival ◽

Average Height ◽

Tall Stature ◽

Age At First Birth ◽

Number Of Children ◽

The North ◽

Rate Of Increase

The Dutch are the tallest people on earth. Over the last 200 years, they have grown 20 cm in height: a rapid rate of increase that points to environmental causes. This secular trend in height is echoed across all Western populations, but came to an end, or at least levelled off, much earlier than in The Netherlands. One possibility, then, is that natural selection acted congruently with these environmentally induced changes to further promote tall stature among the people of the lowlands. Using data from the LifeLines study, which follows a large sample of the population of the north of The Netherlands ( n = 94 516), we examined how height was related to measures of reproductive success (as a proxy for fitness). Across three decades (1935–1967), height was consistently related to reproductive output (number of children born and number of surviving children), favouring taller men and average height women. This was despite a later age at first birth for taller individuals. Furthermore, even in this low-mortality population, taller women experienced higher child survival, which contributed positively to their increased reproductive success. Thus, natural selection in addition to good environmental conditions may help explain why the Dutch are so tall.

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Improving MUSLE performance for sediment yield prediction at micro-watershed level using seasonal classified data

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2018.061 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 505-512

Author(s):

Hamzeh Noor ◽

Mohammad Rostami Khalaj

Keyword(s):

Sediment Yield ◽

Traditional Approach ◽

Estimation Error ◽

Superior Performance ◽

North East ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

The North ◽

East Of Iran ◽

Different Seasons

Abstract Separating erosion data and assessing season-based models are of great importance considering the variation in soil erosion processes in different seasons, especially in semi-arid regions. However, evaluation of an erosion model using seasonal classification of data and at a micro-watershed level have rarely been considered. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the modified universal soil loss equation (MUSLE): 1) with the seasonal classification of data and 2) with the traditional approach (no classification of data), in the Sanganeh research micro-watershed. This watershed has an area of 1.2 ha and is located in the north east of Iran. The results showed that the original MUSLE overestimated the sediment yield in the study watershed. Also, after calibration of MUSLE, the seasonal classification of data (with a relative estimation error (RE) of 34%) showed its superior performance compared with the traditional calibration approach (with a RE of 62%). In this regard, the obtained REs of 33, 40, and 31% respectively for spring, autumn, and winter are within or close to the acceptable range.

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