scholarly journals Utilization of nyamplung industrial waste for compost and the response to nyamplung seedlings growth and nitrogen uptake

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
T M Hasnah ◽  
E Windyarini ◽  
B Leksono ◽  
K Riyantika ◽  
B H Purwanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Total N ◽  
Compost Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Compost Application

Abstract The solid waste (dregs seed) of nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) industry from seed pressing processes could be more than 50% of the dry seed weight. Nyamplung oil industry in Bantul (Yogyakarta) has been produced nyamplung oil 4-5 ton/month that produced dregs seed around 50-60%/ton nyamplung dry seeds. The accumulated waste has been piled up and immediately important to utilize it. This study aimed to determine (i) the effect of bioactivators with ameliorant material application and the interactions among treatments on nyamplung dregs compost quality, and (ii) the growth response, seedling quality index and nitrogen uptake on nyamplung seedlings with nyamplung dregs compost application. The study was arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial. Two bioactivators Prouponic Gb#1 and cattle rumen bio starter were used in the study. The bioactivators were combined by ameliorants (no ameliorant, dolomite, and rice husk ash) with 3 replicates for each treatment. Analyses of soil chemical properties were carried out on nyamplung dregs before and after the treatments applied including: pH, DHL, N Total, C/N ratio, P Total, K Total. Those characters were compared to SNI No.19-7030-2004 on compost quality standards. DHL, C/N ratio, the total N, P, and K met the criteria on SNI. Seedling growth characters (height, diameter, number of leaves) and seedling quality index varied between nyamplung dregs compost treatments and control up to 16 weeks observation. Nyamplung dregs compost application showed the highest N uptake on nyamplung seedlings compared to the controls. Nyamplung seedling quality index was highly influenced by the uptake of N nutrients in the shoots and the roots than by height character and diameter.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Uptake in a Range of Alternative Orchard Floor Management Systems

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1128D-1129
Author(s):  
Sarah F. McDonald ◽  
Anita Nina Azarenko ◽  
Annie Chozinski ◽  
Tim Righetti
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Total N ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Fertilizer N Uptake ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The percentage of N from fertilizer removed from the field by fruit trees is low. Overapplication of N in orchards has been a common practice and is a concern due to environmental and tree growth problems caused by excess N. Orchard floor management practices (OFMP) can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and may alter the soil biological community. Biological activity can affect mineralization rate and thus nutrient availability. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of alternative OFMP on fertilizer N uptake. Research plots were located in Corvallis, Ore. (COR) (7-year-old `Fuji'), and Hood River, Ore. (HR) (3-year-old `Red Delicious'). Treatments were begun in 2001 in a split-plot completely randomized design with three replications. Main plot treatments were herbicide or cultivation. Subplot treatments were no amendment, bark mulch, compost, and barley/vetch mown and blown into the tree row. Depleted NH3SO4 was applied to single-tree replicates at budbreak. Trees were destructively harvested at harvest of 2003. At HR, the percentage of N derived from fertilizer (NDFF) was significantly lower in the whole tree, leaves, new wood, old wood, spurs, and roots of trees from compost than from unamended plots (P < 0.05). At COR, the NDFF in the leaves, fruit, new wood, spurs and roots was significantly lower in trees from compost plots than unamended plots (P < 0.05). The NDFF also tended to be lower in trees from bark mulch-treated plots than control plots, although differences were not always significant. Vetch/barley amendment resulted in NDFF similar to no amendment. There were no significant differences between the total N of trees from unamended and compost plots. Trees from compost-treated plots appear to be acquiring N from sources other than fertilizer.

scholarly journals PERBAIKAN SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG INTAN DI CEMPAKA DENGAN METODE COMPOSTING BERBAHAN DASAR SAMPAH ORGANIK PASAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Ayu Irnada ◽  
Rizqi Puteri Mahyudin ◽  
Muhammad Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Soil Color ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi suhu, pH dan kelembapan pada bioremediasi metode composting, mengidentifikasi perubahan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah bekas tambang intan sebelum dan sesudah proses composting juga mengidentifikasi komposisi terbaik pada composting berbahan dasar sampah organik pasar sistem open windrow. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dimaksud yaitu A  (100% tanah) sebagai kontrol, B (25% tanah : 75% kompos), C (50% tanah : 50% kompos), D (75% tanah : 25% kompos). Hasil penelitian suhu, pH dan kelembapan keempat perlakuan selama proses bioremediasi dengan metode composting mengalami fluktuasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji T terdapat perbedaan nilai C-organik, N-total, Rasio C/N, KTK serta warna sebelum dan sesudah proses composting. Hasil Uji LSD 5% variasi komposisi terbaik yang mampu memperbaiki kualitas tanah tambang adalah variasi komposisi 25% tanah : 75% kompos.  Kata kunci: composting, C-organik, N-total, KTK, warna tanah. The purpose of this research is to identify the conditions of temperature, pH and moisture in composting method of bioremediation, identify changes in physical and chemical properties of diamonds before and after the composting process and also identify the best composition on composting made from market organic waste of the open windrow system. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment referred to is A (100% soil) as control, B (25% soil: 75% compost), C (50% soil: 50% compost), D (75% soil: 25% compost) with the weight of each one treatment / 40 kg stack and 30 cm stack height. The results of the research of temperature, pH and moisture of the four treatments during the bioremediation process by composting method are fluctuated. Based on the results of the T test there are differences in the value of C-organic, N-total, C / N ratio, CEC and soil color before and after the composting process. LSD 5% test results of the best composition variations that can improve the quality of mine soil is a variation of the composition of 25% soil: 75% compost. Keywords: CEC, composting, organic C, soil color, total N.

scholarly journals Renewable organic waste as substrate conditioning for the production of Euterpe oleracea seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. e76101724345
Author(s):  
Amanda da Silva Reis ◽  
Nayara Martins Alencar ◽  
João Batista Fernandes da Cruz ◽  
Maria Luara Aragão Silva ◽  
Flavia Barreira Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Absolute Growth

Forest restoration has the premise of restoring degraded native vegetation to conditions prior to degradation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of seedlings of a native species from the Amazon biome (Euterpe oleracea) under different substrates. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Tocantins, using a completely randomized design, and a 5x 4 factorial scheme, with five substrates (babassu stem + soil, babassu stem + rice husk + soil, coconut fiber + soil, babassu stem + fiber coconut + rice husk + soil, commercial substrate + soil - control), four trial periods (50, 100, 150 and 200 days). The evaluated variables: plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter, seedling quality index, leaf area and absolute growth rate. The growth of assai seedlings was influenced by the different substrates, until the 150 days after transplanting the quality and development of the seedlings were the same, both for the treatments that used commercial substrate and for the treatments that used renewable materials in their composition. The treatment using babassu stem (T1) obtained better shoot dry matter, total dry matter and seedling quality index values, in addition to being a material found in abundance in the regions, making this treatment the most viable and recommended for the production of assai seedlings.

Residual effects of nitrogen fertiliser on the yield and N composition of succeeding cereal crops and on soil chemical properties of an Ethiopian highland Vertisol

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selamyihun Kidanu ◽  
D. G. Tanner ◽  
Tekalign Mamo
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
N Application ◽  
Total N ◽  
Current Season ◽  
The Mean

A trial was conducted on an Ethiopian Vertisol from 1990 to 1995 to determine the residual effects of fertiliser N applied to tef [Eragrostistef (Zucc.) Trotter] on the grain and straw yield, N content, and total N uptake of succeeding crops of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) and tef. The mean agronomic efficiency of 60 kg fertiliser N ha−1 was 13.1 kg grain kg−1 fertiliser N applied in the current year and 5.4 kg grain kg−1 fertiliser N applied in the previous year. Thus, the residual fertiliser N benefit was equivalent to 41.2% of the response to current season N application for the two cereal crops. The mean rates of apparent recovery of fertiliser N were 65.8% for current season N application and 31.0% for previous season N application. Soil organic matter and nitrate levels increased linearly in response to both previous and current season N application rates. The current study demonstrates that the residual effect of fertiliser N enhanced the yields and N contents of the grain and straw of both wheat and tef, resulting in a significant increase in total N uptake. Any analysis of the profitability of fertiliser N response should reflect the multi-year benefit period. Key words: N recovery, N residue, N uptake, tef, wheat

scholarly journals Biochar as soil amendment: Impact on chemical properties and corn nutrient uptake in a Podzol

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Syuhada ◽  
J. Shamshuddin ◽  
C.I. Fauziah ◽  
A.B. Rosenani ◽  
A. Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fertilized Soil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biochar Amendment

A study was conducted to investigate the impact of biochar amendment on chemical properties and corn nutrient uptake in a sandy Podzol soil. Four rates of biochar (0, 5, 10, and 15 g kg−1) and two rates of inorganic fertilizer (0 and local recommendation rate for corn) were randomly applied to a completely randomized design with four replicates. Corn was grown for 45 d in a glasshouse using sandy Podzol. The increase in pH of the soil was concomitant with a decrease of exchangeable Al. The fertilized soil significantly increased total N, with a concomitant decrease in soil pH due to a N nitrification. Positive changes did occur in the soil due to biochar application, leading to a significant increase in dry matter yield and corn height. Corn N and K uptakes were significantly increased by the addition of biochar, but the same was not true for Ca and Mg. However, it was found that the concentrations of N, Ca, and Mg in the corn tissue were still lower than their critical level. Our results demonstrate that application of biochar alone is not able to supply enough nutrients for the healthy growth of corn.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in Growth, Nitrogen Uptake and Allocation by Container-grown Evergreen and Deciduous Rhododendron Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1440-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn F. Scagel ◽  
Guihong Bi ◽  
Leslie H. Fuchigami ◽  
Richard P. Regan
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Root Turnover ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
N Availability ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Storage

Growth, nitrogen (N) uptake, and N storage were assessed in transplanted 1-year-old rhododendron liners. Two evergreen cultivars, Rhododendron ‘P. J. Mezitt Compact’ (PJM) and R. ‘English Roseum’ (ER), and one deciduous cultivar, R. ‘Gibraltar’ (AZ), were transplanted into 1-gal. pots and given liquid fertilizer with (+N) or without (–N) N. Increased N availability increased growth after July (ER, PJM) or August (AZ), and resulted in three to five times more total biomass. Biomass continued to increase after stem elongation and leaf production ceased. Nitrogen uptake was correlated with growth of all plant structures on AZ, whereas N uptake was only correlated with stem and leaf growth on evergreen cultivars. The rate of N uptake was highest before July for AZ (1.9 mg·d−1) and in August and September for the evergreen cultivars (≈5 mg·d−1). Thirteen percent to 16% of total N uptake from between May and February occurred after N fertilization ceased at the beginning of September. Plants contained the most N in October (AZ), November (PJM), or December (ER). Biomass loss after November accounted for a loss of 14% to 48% of the maximum total plant N content. Nitrogen demand by roots and stems increased from May to February in all cultivars. The role of new and old leaves in N storage on evergreen cultivars varied with cultivar and time. Differences in N storage between the evergreen cultivars occurred primarily in their roots and leaves. Over the winter, PJM stored more N in its roots, whereas ER stored more N in its leaves. Changes in N concentrations and contents in different plant structures after November indicate that, during early winter, N stored in other structures moves to roots and old stems of PJM, old stems of ER, and roots and new and old stems of AZ. These results suggest that fertilizer application strategies for transplanted liners of these cultivars should include low N availability after transplanting followed by high N availability in mid to late summer. This type of strategy will not only improve N uptake efficiency from fertilizer, but also will minimize N loss from the containers. The results also demonstrated that N uptake in the autumn may play an important role in supplementing plant N reserves required for growth during the next season as well as for balancing N losses incited by leaf abscission, root turnover, and maintenance functions that occur over winter.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Populasi, Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Nitrogen Tanaman Kedelai dengan Pemberian Azotobacter Penghasil Eksopolisakarida

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginawanti Hindersah ◽  
Neni Rostini ◽  
Arief Harsono ◽  
Dan Nuryani
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Batch Fermenter ◽  
Liquid Inoculant

Nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter is widely used as biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture. The bacteria produce exopolysaccharide which might have a significant role in enhancing soybean nitrogen uptake and growth. The objective of this research was to obtain growth media of Exopolysaccharide–producing Azotobacter; and increase shoot and root growth as well as nitrogen uptake of soybean var. Anjasmoro at early vegetative phase following inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum liquid. Research consist of two phase, 1) determination of organic-based media for A. chroococcum liquid inoculant production, and 2) pot experiment for application of liquid inoculant on soybean.  The first experiment was performed  in a series of  batch fermenter consisted of several organic media for 72 hours.  The second experiment was set in completely randomized design consisted of three density of liquid inoculant. The results verified that the best media which induced exopolysachharide production of A. chroococcum was 1% molase enriched with 0.1% NH4Cl. Liquid inoculant clearly enhanced population of Azotobacter in soybean rhizosphere, plant height, roots dry weight and N uptake of 21 day old soybean. This research implied that A. chroococcum might be used as biofertilizer at early growth of soybean. Keywords: Azotobacter chroococcum, biofertilizer, liquid inoculat

scholarly journals PENGARUH APLIKASI HERBISIDA GROMOXONE 276 SL (LARUT) TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA INCEPTISOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Maidia Solfianti ◽  
Amsar Maulana ◽  
H Herviyanti ◽  
Teguh Budi Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
C And N ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Gromoxone 267 SL Herbicide (GH) is widely used in weed control, and its contamination in the soil has the potential for contamination in agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of the application of soluble Gromoxone 267 SL herbicide on changes in the chemical properties of Inceptisols. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely A = 0% R (0.00 mL GH 7.34 mL H2O); B = 50% R (0.03 mL GH 7.34 mL-1 H2O); C = 100% R (0.06 mL-1 HG 7.34 mL-1 H2O) and D = 150% R (0.09 mL HG 7.34 mL-1 H2O), where 100% recommended soluble Gromoxone 267 SL herbicide (soluble) is assumed to be equivalent to (~) 100% Paraquat Dichloride (276 g L-1) in the Gromoxone 267 SL herbicide. The results of this study showed that 150% application of the recommended soluble Gromoxone 267 SL herbicide had a very significant effect on reducing CEC, total N, K, Ca and Mg-dd. It also had a significant effect on organic C and N of Inceptisols compared with control or without application of Gromoxone 267 SL herbicide.

scholarly journals 614 Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency of Apple Rootstocks and Scions

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 553C-553
Author(s):  
Paula B. Aguirre ◽  
Teryl R. Roper ◽  
Armand R. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Total N ◽  
Wood Tissue ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Soil N Uptake

The uptake efficiency of apple scions and rootstocks has not been studied in the field. Using 15N (ammonium nitrate, 1 atom % 15N) we compared nitrogen uptake efficiency of 12 rootstocks grafted to one scion (Gala) and of 20 scions on the same clonal rootstock (M.9 EMLA) in orchards located in northeastern Wisconsin. Trees were treated in either Fall or Spring 1998 with 40 g actual N per tree applied as a liquid to the soil. N uptake was assessed by measuring 15N in leaf and wood tissue taken monthly from June to Oct. 1998. Tissues were oven-dried and analized using a ratio mass spectrometer. Treatment differences were greater among scions with the same rootstocks than among rootstocks with the same scion. Total N and 15N content differences were found between roostocks and these values were inversely related to tree size.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Uptake, Efficiency of Use, and Partitioning for Growth in Young Apple Trees

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Neilsen ◽  
Peter Millard ◽  
Gerald H. Neilsen ◽  
Eugene J. Hogue
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Uptake Efficiency

Uptake, recycling, and partitioning of N in relation to N supply and dry matter partitioning was determined for 3- and 4-year-old `Elstar' apple trees [(Malus sylvestris (L) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] on Malling 9 rootstock in 1994 (year 3) and 1995 (year 4), respectively. Trees received N yearly as Ca(NO3)2 at 20 g/tree applied on a daily basis through a drip irrigation system. The fertilizer was labelled with 15N in year 3 to allow quantification of remobilization and uptake. The trees were not allowed to crop in years 1 and 2 and were not thinned in years 3 and 4, thereby establishing a range of crop loads. Dry matter and N contents were measured in fruit, midseason and senescent leaves and prunings collected in year 3, in midseason leaves, and in components of the whole trees, harvested in fall of year 4. Labelled N withdrawn from leaves in year 3 was less than that remobilized into leaves and fruit in year 4, indicating that senescent leaves were not the only source of remobilized N. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (total N uptake/N applied) in year 3 was low (22.3%). Of the N taken up, ≈50% was removed at the end of the growing season in fruit and leaves. In fall of year 4, the trees contained about 20 g N of which 50% was partitioned into leaves and fruit, indicating that the annual N uptake by young dwarf apple trees is low (≈10 g/tree). Data were pooled to compare dry matter and N partitioning into two major sinks: fruit and shoot leaves. Total fruit dry weight increased, and in year 4, fruit size decreased with fruit number, indicating that growth was carbon (C) limited at high crop loads. The number of shoot leaves initiated in both years was unaffected by fruit number, but leaf size decreased as fruit number increased in year 4. In year 3, the amount of both remobilized and root-supplied N in fruit increased with fruit number, but the N content of the shoot leaf canopy was unaffected. In general, N and C partitioning were coupled and leaf N concentrations were high (2.8% to 3.2%), suggesting that the low uptake efficiency of fertilizer N resulted because the availability of N in the root zone greatly exceeded demand.

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