A mathematical model of reservoir sediment quality prediction based on land-use and erosion processes in watershed

The aim of the work was the landscape analysis of agricultural geographical landscapes in the Altai Territory and elaboration of measures aimed at the rational use of agricultural lands. Environmental and landscape (landscape) approach became the main method of scientific research used in the analysis of modern agricultural landscapes. The cartographic method, using GIS-technologies, made it possible to digitize the obtained materials. Synthesized maps of agro-ecological, natural and other zoning of territories are based on topographic, soil, geobotanical and other thematic maps made during land surveying during the field survey. Retrospective analysis, induction and deduction methods,analysis and synthesis, as well as the abstract-logic method were also used in the work. Our main result was the analysis of land use territory for agricultural enterprise in municipal district of Altai Krai. Exploration of lands indicates a pronounced plant-growing specialization of JSC “Pobeda” with a developed animal breeding direction. Limiting factors affecting the rational use of land are natural and climatic conditions, terrain,unsystematic anthropogenic activity and, as a result, the development of erosion processes. The degree of eroded and deflated arable land is more than 50%, hay and pasture lands are also very unstable. Landscapes have been typified, based on which eleven types of land have been identified and their geomorphological description has been carried out. The first five types of land can be used for agricultural production with limitations compensated by crop technology and erosion control measures, the sixth and seventh types require grassing and, in some cases,conservation, the eighth and ninth types can be partially used for pasture and area valorization; the remaining two are not suitable for agricultural use but should be potentially used for planting and forest management. As a result of the presented transformation of agricultural lands, the structure of cultivated areas has changed. The area of arable land decreased by 877 ha, and of pastures by 365 ha,while the area under hayfields, fallow lands, and forest lands increased by 295, 191, and 875 ha respectively. Low-productive lands were withdrawn from agriculture. We suggested that the sustainability of agricultural land use was mainly caused by the reduction of anthropogenic load and increase in ecological equilibrium of the territory.

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The Effects of Land Use Change on the Rainfall Erosion Processes in a Marl Soil under Simulated Rainfalls in the West of Zanjan

Journal of Water and Soil Science ◽

10.47176/jwss.23.4.133012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

The West ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Effects Of Land Use ◽

Rainfall Erosion

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Consideration of land use in the evaluation of erosive processes in gully erosion

Revista Eletrônica em Gestão Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental ◽

10.5902/2236117062702 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. e25

Author(s):

Tamara Vieira Pascoto ◽

Simone Andrea Furegatti ◽

Anna Silvia Palcheco Peixoto

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Visual Analysis ◽

Aerial Images ◽

Aerial Photos ◽

City Hall ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Main Factors ◽

The City ◽

Erosive Feature

There are several factors that directly or indirectly influence erosion processes. In order to properly understand the behavior of these processes, some factors need to be analyzed together. Determining them wrongly can compromise the study resulting in wrong actions. For this reason, methodologies are always sought to measure them quantitatively and qualitatively in the most accurate possible way. Land use is one of the main factors liable to inaccuracies in its determination. To use this parameter in mapping erosive processes, researchers need to delimit it, classify it, and measure it. In order to better understand the complexity of considering this parameter, the present study analyzed an erosive feature that, although stabilized, has a component in constant development. Initially, a visual analysis indicated the same classification of land use for both conditions, despite having different behaviors, leading to the need for a detailed analysis. Such analysis comprised a historical survey through aerial photos and interviews with residents and employees of the city hall about the evolution of the feature from 2008 to 2019. It also included the analysis of other influencing factors that could be responsible for this difference in behavior in the area. Two different traces of the contribution areas of the gully and branch were also considered. One considering only aerial images, and the other considering the knowledge acquired during the research about the evolution of the feature. It was concluded, then, that an analysis of the use-only occupation factor based on aerial images can accentuate the inaccuracy of the measurement of this factor.

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Influence of parameters valuing on calculation results in reservoir sediment mathematical model

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/794/1/012015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 794 ◽

pp. 012015

Author(s):

Chunyan Deng ◽

Junqiang Xia ◽

Rui Long ◽

Yuan yuan

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Reservoir Sediment ◽

Calculation Results

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Prediksi Erosi di Wilayah Jawa Timur

Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan ◽

10.14710/jil.17.2.323-332 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 323

Author(s):

Rhoshandhayani Koesiyanto Taslim ◽

Marga Mandala ◽

Indarto Indarto

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Erosion Rate ◽

Wide Area ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Erosion Prediction ◽

Erosion Level ◽

Severe Erosion ◽

Slope Factor ◽

Factor C

Erosion is an event of eroding soil that occurs naturally. However, human activities that change land use from natural (forestry, plantation, rural areas) to urban features can alter the erosion processes. Rapid calculation of erosion level for the wide area is necessary for the management and conservation planning. This research aims to analyze the erosion level in East Java area using USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) and GIS. The erosivity factor (R) is calculated from rainfall data. Vegetation factor (C) and the conservation factor (P) estimated from land use map. The length and slope factor (LS) are calculated from the ASTER GDEM2, and the erodibility factor (K) is obtained from interpretation of soil map. Furthermore, all factors were analysed to calculate erosion rate. The result shows that the average erosion rate in East Java regions is 10,30 tons/ha/year. The result also show that 78,71% area of East Java is classified as very low erosion rate (0-15 tons/ha/year); 10,75% classified as low erosion rate (15-60 tons/ha/year); 6,39% classified as moderate erosion rate (60-180 tons/ha/year); and 2,83% is severe type (180-480 tons/ha/year). Only 1,31% from the total area is classified as very severe erosion rate (>480 tons/ha/year). The result also shows that USLE can be used to facilitate rapid erosion prediction for wide area.

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Modelling Impacts of a Municipal Spatial Plan of Land-Use Changes on Surface Water Quality—Example from Goriška Brda in Slovenia

Water ◽

10.3390/w12010189 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 189 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Matjaž Glavan ◽

Sara Bele ◽

Miha Curk ◽

Marina Pintar

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Land Use ◽

Surface Water ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Phosphorus Loads ◽

The Impact ◽

Spatial Plan

Intensive agriculture causes nutrient leaching and accelerates erosion processes, which threatens the good quality status of surface waters, as proposed by the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive. The purpose of this study was to define the impact of two alternative agricultural land-use change scenarios defined in a Municipal Spatial Plan on surface water quality by using the Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model. As experimental area, we chose a small Kožbanjšček stream catchment (1464 ha) situated in the Goriška Brda region in Slovenia. The area, due to favorable conditions for vineyards, is facing increasing deforestation. The change of 66.3 ha of forests to vineyards would increase the sediment, nitrate, and phosphorus loads in the stream by 24.8%, 17.1%, and 10.7%, respectively. With the implementation of vegetative buffer strips as a mitigation measure of the current situation, we could reduce the sediment, nitrate, and phosphorus loads by 17.9%, 11.1%, and 3.1%, respectively, while a combination of the two land-use change scenarios would result in a slight increase of the above-mentioned loads, corresponding to 0.61%, 2.1%, and 6.6%, respectively, compared to the baseline situation. The results confirm that, as we can increase pollution levels with deforestation, we can also reduce water pollution by choosing proper types of land management measures.

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Land Use and Water Quality

Water ◽

10.3390/w12092412 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2412

Author(s):

Brian Kronvang ◽

Frank Wendland ◽

Karel Kovar ◽

Dico Fraters

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Land Use ◽

Surface Waters ◽

New Technologies ◽

Pollution Source ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Nitrogen Surplus ◽

Nutrient Sources ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Sources Of Pollution

The interaction between land use and water quality is of great importance worldwide as agriculture has been proven to exert a huge pressure on the quality of groundwater and surface waters due to excess losses of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) through leaching and erosion processes. These losses result in, inter alia, high nitrate concentrations in groundwater and eutrophication of rivers, lakes and coastal waters. Combatting especially non-point losses of nutrients has been a hot topic for river basin managers worldwide, and new important mitigation measures to reduce the input of nutrients into groundwater and surface waters at the pollution source have been developed and implemented in many countries. This Special Issue of the Land use and Water Quality conference series (LuWQ) includes a total of 11 papers covering topics such as: (i) nitrogen surplus; (ii) protection of groundwater from pollution; (iii) nutrient sources of pollution and dynamics in catchments and (iv) new technologies for monitoring, mapping and analysing water quality.

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Estimating Human Impacts on Soil Erosion Considering Different Hillslope Inclinations and Land Uses in the Coastal Region of Syria

Water ◽

10.3390/w12102786 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 2786 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Safwan Mohammed ◽

Hazem G. Abdo ◽

Szilard Szabo ◽

Quoc Bao Pham ◽

Imre J. Holb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Erosion ◽

Land Cover ◽

Soil Loss ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Human Impacts ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Water Erosion ◽

Land Uses ◽

Erosion Processes

Soils in the coastal region of Syria (CRoS) are one of the most fragile components of natural ecosystems. However, they are adversely affected by water erosion processes after extreme land cover modifications such as wildfires or intensive agricultural activities. The main goal of this research was to clarify the dynamic interaction between erosion processes and different ecosystem components (inclination, land cover/land use, and rainy storms) along with the vulnerable territory of the CRoS. Experiments were carried out in five different locations using a total of 15 erosion plots. Soil loss and runoff were quantified in each experimental plot, considering different inclinations and land uses (agricultural land (AG), burnt forest (BF), forest/control plot (F)). Observed runoff and soil loss varied greatly according to both inclination and land cover after 750 mm of rainfall (26 events). In the cultivated areas, the average soil water erosion ranged between 0.14 ± 0.07 and 0.74 ± 0.33 kg/m2; in the BF plots, mean soil erosion ranged between 0.03 ± 0.01 and 0.24 ± 0.10 kg/m2. The lowest amount of erosion was recorded in the F plots where the erosion ranged between 0.1 ± 0.001 and 0.07 ± 0.03 kg/m2. Interestingly, the General Linear Model revealed that all factors (i.e., inclination, rainfall and land use) had a significant (p < 0.001) effect on the soil loss. We concluded that human activities greatly influenced soil erosion rates, being higher in the AG lands, followed by BF and F. Therefore, the current study could be very useful to policymakers and planners for proposing immediate conservation or restoration plans in a less studied area which has been shown to be vulnerable to soil erosion processes.

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Reconstructing long-term gully dynamics in Mediterranean agricultural areas

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-21-235-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 235-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Antonio Hayas ◽

Tom Vanwalleghem ◽

Ana Laguna ◽

Adolfo Peña ◽

Juan V. Giráldez

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Temporal Resolution ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Mediterranean Area ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

High Temporal Resolution ◽

Erosion Rates ◽

Erosion Processes

Abstract. Gully erosion is an important erosive process in Mediterranean basins. However, the long-term dynamics of gully networks and the variations in sediment production in gullies are not well known. Available studies are often conducted only over a few years, while many gully networks form, grow, and change in response to environmental and land use or management changes over a long period. In order to clarify the effect of these changes, it is important to analyse the evolution of the gully network with a high temporal resolution. This study aims at analysing gully morphodynamics over a long timescale (1956–2013) in a large Mediterranean area in order to quantify gully erosion processes and their contribution to overall sediment dynamics. A gully network of 20 km2 located in southwestern Spain has been analysed using a sequence of 10 aerial photographs in the period 1956–2013. The extension of the gully network both increased and decreased in the study period. Gully drainage density varied between 1.93 km km−2 in 1956, a minimum of 1.37 km km−2 in 1980, and a maximum of 5.40 km km−2 in 2013. The main controlling factor of gully activity appeared to be rainfall. Land use changes were found to have only a secondary effect. A new Monte Carlo-based approach was proposed to reconstruct gully erosion rates from orthophotos. Gully erosion rates were found to be relatively stable between 1956 and 2009, with a mean value of 11.2 t ha−1 yr−1. In the period 2009–2011, characterized by severe winter rainfalls, this value increased significantly to 591 t ha−1 yr−1. These results show that gully erosion rates are highly variable and that a simple interpolation between the starting and ending dates greatly underestimates gully contribution during certain years, such as, for example, between 2009 and 2011. This illustrates the importance of the methodology applied using a high temporal resolution of orthophotos.

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