scholarly journals Risk Reduction of Marine Oil Spill using Clusters of Fruit Peel Pellets

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
G Saha ◽  
D Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Logistics Network ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Marine Wildlife ◽  
Reduced Scale

Abstract Globalization has led to massive rise in cross border trade. Increase in E-commerce business has contributed to this too. As a result, a continuous and complex logistics network of supply chains operate across the globe round the clock. Transportation of goods is the most essential activity of this network. Statistics reveals that approximately 90 percent of world’s goods are transported via sea route. This intense network of shipment poses a huge threat to marine ecosystem in numerous ways. One of the most dangerous events for marine ecosystem is oil spill. Oil spill from vessels and pipelines are a major reason behind mortality of marine wildlife. The present work focuses on developing a cost-effective sustainable solution for mitigation of marine oil spill. It was found from existing literature that peels of some fruits have substantial oil absorbing capacity. This fact was experimentally validated and a reduced scale prototype was designed aiming for the task of deployment in case of oil spill in marine waters. The experimental results show that the proposed model floats on water after absorbing oil up to its saturation value. It was also found that through appropriate mechanical setup, absorbed oil can be extracted for reuse or processing.

Australia's Fixed-Wing Aerial Dispersant Capability

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
Ray Lipscombe ◽  
Don Blackmore ◽  
Dennis Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maritime Safety ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Australian Institute ◽  
Response Contingency ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Aircraft Type

ABSTRACT Since January 1997, Australia has had in place a fixed-wing aerial dispersant capability (FWADC) designed to provide the country with a cost-effective aerial dispersant delivery system. The FWADC is managed by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) and is funded jointly by AMSA and the Australian Institute of Petroleum (AIP) through its subsidiary, the Australian Marine Oil Spill Centre (AMOSC). The FWADC is based on the concept of using single-engine turbine-powered agricultural aircraft with a payload capacity of between 1,850 and 3,100 Liters of dispersant, depending on aircraft type. At a cost of AUD$400,000 per annum, Australia has access to a minimum of two primary aircraft, 24 hours every day of the year. Additional aircraft complement the two primary aircraft on an “aircraft of opportunity” basis. This paper addresses the background to the development and implementation of Australia's fixed-wing aerial dispersant capability and its integration into Australia's national oil spill response contingency arrangements. It also provides an overview of AMSA's role in managing the capability and providing training for aircraft operators and support crews in aerial dispersant-related operations.

UTILIZATION OF TECHNOLOGY WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY IN MARINE OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING, RESPONSE, AND TRAINING

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 993-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Champ ◽  
Atle B. Nordvik ◽  
James L. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
Utilization Of Technology ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
And Training

ABSTRACT This paper discusses a newly developed scientific and engineering planning and decision-making tool, the technology windows-of-opportunity concept, and how it can be used for marine oil spill contingency planning, response, education, and training on a global basis. The “windows-of-opportunity” approach provides a common foundation for the development of a rapid and cost-effective tool for oil spill contingency planning and spill response decision making. It is intended for use by state and federal agencies, response planners, cleanup organizations (responders), insurance companies, tanker owners, and transporters. The “windows” concept has the potential for significant environmental and cost benefits in spill response. It will provide policymakers and decision makers with a scientifically based and documented “tool” in oil spill response that has not been available before.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of Marine Oil Spills in the Luanjiakou District, near the Port of Yantai

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daming Li ◽  
Xingchen Tang ◽  
Yanqing Li ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Hongqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Lagrange Method ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Oil Slick ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Marine Oil Spills

This paper presents a simulation method for oil spills in a multi-island area. The simulation considers three parts, which consist of(1)the spreading of an oil slick on its edge as well as the diffusion and drift under dynamic actions,(2)the evaporation and spreading thickness of an oil slick in its interior, and(3)the adsorption and emulsification near shorelines and islands. The Euler-Lagrange method is adopted to track the spill location and particles positions on the edge of oil slicks. A mathematical model of marine oil spills is established for the Luanjiakou District of the Port of Yantai. The flow field verification shows that the BIAS of tidal level, flow velocity, and flow direction is below ±10 cm, 0.11 m/s, and ±2°, respectively, and the oil spill verification captures satisfactory results. Hence, the proposed model could reproduce the oil spill process in this region. Then, we simulate oil spills under various operating conditions. It is concluded that the transport of oil slicks is mainly influenced by flood/ebb currents, whereas the wind plays a major role in the drift and thickness of oil slicks. The study provides an important reference to controlling and handling of accidental oil spills.

scholarly journals The Mauritius Oil Spill: What’s Next?

Pollutants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Davide Seveso ◽  
Yohan Didier Louis ◽  
Simone Montano ◽  
Paolo Galli ◽  
Francesco Saliu
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Biological Impact ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Restoration Techniques

In light of the recent marine oil spill that occurred off the coast of Mauritius (Indian Ocean), we comment here the incident, the containment method used by the local population, the biological impact of oil spill on two sensitive tropical marine ecosystems (coral reefs and mangrove forests), and we suggest monitoring and restoration techniques of the impacted ecosystems based on recent research advancements.

scholarly journals Integrating marine oil snow and MOSSFA into oil spill response and damage assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 112025
Author(s):  
Jesse Ross ◽  
David Hollander ◽  
Susan Saupe ◽  
Adrian B. Burd ◽  
Sherryl Gilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Oil Spill Response

A system dynamics model for routing and scheduling of cross-dock and transportation in reverse logistics network of perishable goods

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Pezhman Abbasi Tavallali ◽  
Mohammad Reza Feylizadeh ◽  
Atefeh Amindoust
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Logistics Network ◽  
Routing And Scheduling ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Reverse Logistics Network ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Space Requirements

Cross-dock is defined as the practice of unloading goods from incoming vehicles and loading them directly into outbound vehicles. Cross-docking can simplify supply chains and help them to deliver goods to the market more swiftly and efficiently by removing or minimizing warehousing costs, space requirements, and use of inventory. Regarding the lifetime of perishable goods, their routing and scheduling in the cross-dock and transportation are of great importance. This study aims to analyze the scheduling and routing of cross-dock and transportation by System Dynamics (SD) modeling to design a reverse logistics network for the perishable goods. For this purpose, the relations between the selected variables are first specified, followed by assessing and examining the proposed model. Finally, four scenarios are developed to determine the optimal values of decision variables. The results indicate the most influencing factors on reaching the optimal status is the minimum distance between the cross-dock and destination, rather than increasing the number of manufactories.

scholarly journals Graph contextualized attention network for predicting synthetic lethality in human cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahui Long ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Chee Keong Kwoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Lethality ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Design Feature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Lab Experiments ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Multiple Feature ◽  
Wet Lab

Abstract Motivation Synthetic Lethality (SL) plays an increasingly critical role in the targeted anticancer therapeutics. In addition, identifying SL interactions can create opportunities to selectively kill cancer cells without harming normal cells. Given the high cost of wet-lab experiments, in silico prediction of SL interactions as an alternative can be a rapid and cost-effective way to guide the experimental screening of candidate SL pairs. Several matrix factorization-based methods have recently been proposed for human SL prediction. However, they are limited in capturing the dependencies of neighbors. In addition, it is also highly challenging to make accurate predictions for new genes without any known SL partners. Results In this work, we propose a novel graph contextualized attention network named GCATSL to learn gene representations for SL prediction. First, we leverage different data sources to construct multiple feature graphs for genes, which serve as the feature inputs for our GCATSL method. Second, for each feature graph, we design node-level attention mechanism to effectively capture the importance of local and global neighbors and learn local and global representations for the nodes, respectively. We further exploit multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to aggregate the original features with the local and global representations and then derive the feature-specific representations. Third, to derive the final representations, we design feature-level attention to integrate feature-specific representations by taking the importance of different feature graphs into account. Extensive experimental results on three datasets under different settings demonstrated that our GCATSL model outperforms 14 state-of-the-art methods consistently. In addition, case studies further validated the effectiveness of our proposed model in identifying novel SL pairs. Availability Python codes and dataset are freely available on GitHub (https://github.com/longyahui/GCATSL) and Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/record/4522679) under the MIT license.

scholarly journals Marine Oil Slick Detection Using Improved Polarimetric Feature Parameters Based on Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1607
Author(s):  
Guannan Li ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Yongchao Hou ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar Data ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Oil Spill Detection ◽  
Oil Slick ◽  
Feature Parameters ◽  
Aperture Radar

Marine oil spill detection is vital for strengthening the emergency commands of oil spill accidents and repairing the marine environment after a disaster. Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (Pol-SAR) can obtain abundant information of the targets by measuring their complex scattering matrices, which is conducive to analyze and interpret the scattering mechanism of oil slicks, look-alikes, and seawater and realize the extraction and detection of oil slicks. The polarimetric features of quad-pol SAR have now been extended to oil spill detection. Inspired by this advancement, we proposed a set of improved polarimetric feature combination based on polarimetric scattering entropy H and the improved anisotropy A12–H_A12. The objective of this study was to improve the distinguishability between oil slicks, look-alikes, and background seawater. First, the oil spill detection capability of the H_A12 combination was observed to be superior than that obtained using the traditional H_A combination; therefore, it can be adopted as an alternate oil spill detection strategy to the latter. Second, H(1 − A12) combination can enhance the scattering randomness of the oil spill target, which outperformed the remaining types of polarimetric feature parameters in different oil spill scenarios, including in respect to the relative thickness information of oil slicks, oil slicks and look-alikes, and different types of oil slicks. The evaluations and comparisons showed that the proposed polarimetric features can indicate the oil slick information and effectively suppress the sea clutter and look-alike information.

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