scholarly journals Deriving environmental friendly products from local waste oil and fat production

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022093
Author(s):  
M Musaev ◽  
D Rakhmatova ◽  
B Rakhimov ◽  
M Aripkhodjaeva ◽  
Z Mirsharipova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Physicochemical Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

Abstract A formulation of safe products was developed and 4 pilot batches of bitumen were obtained in small quantities - replacing binders from local waste of oil and fat and oil production. The origin and characteristics of the used local waste and additional components are considered. A scheme for obtaining a bitumen-replacement mixture for the use of insulating and roofing coverings has been developed. Experiments on the utilization of local waste by the physicochemical process and the process of raw material oxidation have been carried out. Experimental batches of bitumen-replacement mixture have been prepared for the use of insulation and roofing. The results of comparative tests of pilot batches of bitumen-replacement mixtures for physical and mechanical characteristics in accordance with GOST 6617-76 are presented.

scholarly journals Amorphous fiber based on the Fe-B-C molten system for bulk reinforcement of concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 03019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemiy Cherkashin ◽  
Yasmin Begich ◽  
Polina Sherstobitova ◽  
Oleg Tolochko
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The article deals with the use of amorphous fiber of the Fe-B-C system, which was obtained by spinning the melt. Comparative tests of the samples made on the basis of the test material on the compressive strength and tensile strength of the traditional destructive method were made. The conductivity of the samples was also tested. Physical and mechanical characteristics of the material are obtained.

Obtaining low-energy cement from industrial raw material

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
N. N. Zhanikulov ◽  
B. T. Taymasov ◽  
I. N. Borisov ◽  
M. S. Dauletiyarov ◽  
M. Zh. Aitureev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pyrite Cinder ◽  
Clay Component ◽  
Free Cao ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The results of obtaining Portland cement by lowenergy technology using technogenic raw materials are presented. Coal wastes and tephritobasalt in a ratio of 1: 1 were used as the clay component, instead of scarce pyrite cinder, granular lead slags were used. The regularities of the influence of the compositions of the blends, saturation coefficient, silicate and alumina modules, firing modes on the chemical and mineral composition and quality of clinker and cement are established. The composition of the raw mixes was calculated according to the ROCS program, the content of free CaO in the clinker was determined. The strength of experimental cement was tested after 7 and 28 days of hardening. Its physical and mechanical characteristics and structure were studied.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF EUCALYPT, PINE, AND SUGARCANE CELLULOSE FIBERS USED FOR PAPER PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela de Paula ◽  
Adelsimara Ceballos Guerta ◽  
Renata Miliani Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Tearing Resistance ◽  
Intended Use ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

ABSTRACT Sugarcane bagasse, a waste material generated by the sugar-alcohol industry, is rich in lignocellulosic components such as cellulose and hemicellulose. The bagasse can be employed as a raw material in the pulp and paper industry, but is currently rarely used for this purpose, due to the availability of traditional sources such as Eucalyptus and Pinus. The objective of this work was to compare the physical and mechanical properties of papers produced using the cellulose extracted from sugarcane, Eucalyptus, and Pinus by the Kraft method. Four paper samples were produced using cellulose obtained from the following fiber sources: (I) 100% sugarcane bagasse; (II) 100% Eucalyptus; (III) 75% Eucalyptus + 25% Pinus; (IV) 75% sugarcane bagasse + 25% Pinus. Physical and mechanical tests were performed based on regulatory methodologies of the paper industry. The results indicated that the physical and mechanical characteristics of the paper produced from the sugarcane cellulose were similar to those of the traditional paper produced using Eucalyptus. Particular features such as good tearing resistance and tensile strength, as well as increased porosity and moisture, could be adjusted according to the intended use of the paper. Therefore, sugarcane bagasse can be considered a sustainable alternative to Eucalyptus and Pinus for the production of high quality paper, adding value to this agricultural residue.

PEMANFAATAN ROTAN NON KOMERSIAL SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU MEBEL DITINJAU DARI SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suroto Suroto
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Substitute Material ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Craft Industry ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

Rattan in good quality is curently difficult to obtain and it price is quite expensive.  So, it is needed to utilize non commercial rattan as substitute  material.  By identification of basic characteristics , such as phisical, mechanical, chemical and anatomy structure, every species of non commercial rattan can be used appropriately.   The objectives of this research is to optimize utilization  non commercial rattan as subtitute material and develop rattan manufacturing industry especially by identivication of the physical and mechanical characteristics.  Five (5) rattan species studied here are marau (Calamus mettanensis Becc), toho (Calamus spp), galang (Daemonorops verticilaris Griff Mart), hijau (Calamus spp. and simpurut (Calamus panajuga Becc) whic derived  from central Kalimantan.  The research result based on physical characteristic rang for diameter is between  6,2 – 27,2 mm, inter-segment length 10 – 28 cm, moisture content 12,50 – 16,48 % and density 1,03 – 1,61 gr/cm3.  While mechanical characteristics range for modulus of elasticity is between 364,03 – 1934,29 kg/cm2, compression strenth 127,55 – 441,04 kg/cm2 and  tensile strength 197,34 – 394,20 kg/cm2.  Those rattan species can be optimized as craft industry raw material especialy for furniture and rattan  matting.Keywords: rattans, physical, mechanical, craft.

scholarly journals Comparative tests for horizontal stiffness of elastomeric bearings

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02043
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Shuvalov ◽  
Larisa Safina ◽  
Mikhail Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Elastomeric Bearings ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Accurate Design ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

We needed to determine physical and mechanical characteristics of elastomeric bearings in order to create an accurate design models for structures mounted on elastomeric bearings. Methods and results of comparative tests for horizontal stiffness of elastomeric bearings, that were carried out both on real-size specimens and smaller scale models, are shown in the following article. Tests on real-size specimens were undertaken to prove the trustworthiness of test results acquired on smaller scale models.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites Containing Inert and Insulation Materials from Construction and Demolition Waste and Further Application as A Gypsum Block

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Villoria Sáez ◽  
Mercedes del Río Merino ◽  
Marica Sorrentino ◽  
César Porras Amores ◽  
Jaime Santa Cruz Astorqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Density Surface ◽  
Reference Samples ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

This article analyzes the feasibility of using construction and demolition waste (expanded polystyrene, ceramic, and concrete waste) in a gypsum matrix to manufacture plaster for interior coatings or for prefabricated elements for interior partitions. To do this, several gypsum specimens were prepared (4 × 4 × 16 cm) incorporating different percentages of waste based on the weight of the gypsum (25%, 50%, and 75% of ceramic, concrete, and a mixture of both). Reference samples were also produced (without additions) to compare the results obtained. The compounds with the best performance were selected and lightened by preparing other samples in which 1/3 and 2/3 of the volume of ceramic, concrete, and mixed waste were replaced with expanded polystyrene (EPS). All samples were tested in the laboratory and the following physical and mechanical characteristics were determined: density, surface hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, capillary water absorption, and thermal conductivity. Several applications were proposed for the selected compounds. A gypsum block with a sandwich configuration was obtained (40 × 20 × 10 cm) using the optimum compound. The block was further tested regarding its density and compression strength. A comparative analysis showed that it is possible to produce materials with a gypsum matrix by adding ceramic, concrete, and EPS waste, improving the behavior of the traditional gypsum and enabling them to be applied in various construction applications. These applications have a lower environmental impact than ordinary ones because they use less primary raw material, due to the reuse of waste.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED USE OF MOUNTAIN BREEDS ORENBURG REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
А.А. Makaeva ◽  
T.V. Tihonova ◽  
E.P. Golubeva ◽  
D.R. Makaeva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The wide raw material base of the Orenburg region for the purpose of use of local materials for production of construction products is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the production of aggregates and the use of screenings of crushing in the mineral fillers. Stastic data of volumes of production of crushed stone and the crushing wastes which are formed at the same time are given. Application of fillers from screenings of crushing of rocks of gabbro-diabase, limestone, basalt porphyry and granite allows to improve physical and mechanical characteristics of materials on their basis that allows to draw a conclusion about expediency of their use.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF RADIATION-PROOF CONCRETE COMPOSITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
M. Sopin ◽  
Sergey Klyuev ◽  
Marina Ageeva ◽  
R. Lesovik ◽  
G. Bogusevich
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The article considers the possibility of using composite binders and magnetite as components of concrete with radiation-proof properties. The use of the developed concrete is possible not only when it is necessary to build nuclear power plants, but also to create bunkers or anti-radiation shelters. A special feature of concretes used for the protection and design of nuclear reactor cranes is their properties, which they must have. These properties include: low thermal conductivity, increased density, high temperature resistance, reduced values of the coefficient of thermal expansion, shrinkage and creep. Technogenic raw materials for the production of very heavy concrete are studied, the main physical and mechanical characteristics, the requirements that need to be considered in the selection of raw mix composition for protective concrete are analyzed. The paper presents a comparison of physical and mechanical characteristics, the advantages and disadvantages of introducing a binder of various types: cement, cement with a superlasticizer and a binder of low water consumption. It was found that the use of a low-water-consumption binder increases the physical and mechanical characteristics while reducing the consumption of cement in the raw material mix compared to traditional heavy concrete with cement.

scholarly journals Effect of Beating Process to Soda Anthraquinone Pulp of Oil Palm Male Flower Spikes Fibre

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Masrol ◽  
Mohd Halim Irwan Ibrahim ◽  
Sharmiza Adnan ◽  
Muhammad Safiuddin Syah Amir Shah ◽  
Nor Mazlana Main ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Iso Standards ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of beating process to the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). OPMFS pulp was prepared according to chemical Soda-AQ pulping process. 60 gsm handsheet of oil palm male flower spikes paper were prepared from OPMFS pulp with four different beating times which are 0 revolution, 1000 revolutions, 2000 revolutions and 3000 revolutions. All physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to TAPPI and MS ISO standards. The results show that overall physical and mechanical characteristics of POMFS paper were influenced and enhanced by beating process between 0 until 3000 revolutions. This research demonstrate some potential characteristics of palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS) paper to be investigated as a newly explored non-wood based raw material for papermaking raw material for papermaking.

scholarly journals The Opportunities of Sustainable Biomass Ashes and Poultry Manure Recycling for Granulated Fertilizers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Mieldažys ◽  
Eglė Jotautienė ◽  
Algirdas Jasinskas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Granulation Process ◽  
Granule Strength ◽  
Indicator Functions ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Biomass Ashes ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

A need for the disposal of poultry manure and the reduction of its impact on the environment encourages the search for cleaner and more efficient ways to utilize and recycle production waste. It is known that granulated ash and manure are the most effective alternatives for ash and manure recycling, as compared to the unprocessed product. This paper presents an investigation of ash and poultry manure recycling for granulated fertilizers. Accepted standard experimental methods were used. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the granules, elemental composition ratio, and the process of compression of the raw material mill were determined experimentally. This research shows that, when a higher ash concentration was determined, the initial bulk density was larger and the density and pressure in the granulation process increases faster. The content of ash in the raw material increased granule strength; however, when increasing the ash mass in the raw material from 25% to 50%, energy consumption increased from 6.59 kJ·kg−1 to 17.72 kJ·kg−1. The process of compression of the raw material mill was obtained in two stages. In the first stage of compression, the mass density varied from 3–11 kg·m−3 and the pressure varied from 1.25–8.27 MPa. In the second pressure stage, the mass deformation was elastic and the pressure process was described by indicator functions.

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