scholarly journals Method for milk whey microfiltration with filtrate pulsed backpressure and installation for its implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 938 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
N N Korysheva ◽  
S A Titov ◽  
S V Shakhov ◽  
G S Tikhonov ◽  
I A Glotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Aqueous Dispersion ◽  
Fiber Suspension ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Milk Whey ◽  
Protein Deposits ◽  
Additional Product

Abstract During deep processing of whey using microfiltration, the loss of membrane efficiency can take place. In this work, an installation for microfiltration of milk whey has been developed. It includes pumps, containers with liquids, throttling valves, a pressure gauge, and a microfiltration cell with a tubular ceramic membrane. A thin titanium oxide layer was deposited on the inner surface of the porous alumina tube. The outer diameter of the tubes is 10 mm, the wall thickness is 2 mm, the length of the tubes is 45 cm. A homogenized aqueous dispersion of sugar beet fiber was used as an agent that improves the performance of the installation by creating a pulsed backpressure of the filtrate. It is shown that the use of a finely ground suspension of dietary fiber during microfiltration of milk whey through a tubular ceramic membrane prevents the formation of protein deposits on the membrane and in its pores. The installation allows obtaining a suspension of dietary fiber, enriched with milk protein, as an additional product. The protein-enriched fiber suspension left over after microfiltration can be used in food production, for example, as a thickening agent in the production of yogurts.

scholarly journals Preparation of Micro-Porous Alumina Sheet Support for Ceramic Membrane by Extrusion

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanthima HEMRA ◽  
Duangduen ATONG ◽  
Pavadee AUNGKAVATTANA
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Alumina

Micro-Porous Alumina Membrane Prepared by Dip Coating Using Latex Binder

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 549-552
Author(s):  
Khanthima Hemra ◽  
Pavadee Aungkavattana ◽  
Duangduen Atong
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Membrane Layer ◽  
Dipping Time

Ceramic membrane has been extensively studied for a half of century. The research of alumina membranes was improved a great deal, however, they have always been considered as an opportunity in commercial product. In this research, submicron alumina powders, AKP-30 were deposited on the porous alumina tube support containing approximately 40% porosity by dip coating. The effects of solid loading, dispersant, and binder system on colloidal process were evaluated. It was found that the thickness of membrane layer depend on the type of binders (latex binder, polyvinyl alcohol binder, and poly (ethylene oxide) polymer binder) and dipping time when the withdrawal speed was constant. The proper suspension of 30 wt.% AKP-30 alumina powder with 18.8 wt.% latex binder provided proper sintered membrane without cracking or delaminating. The porosity and average pore size of coating layer was about 29% and 0.06 μm, respectively at a sintering temperature of 1400°C for 2 hr. The membrane layer was likely to thicken with increasing dipping time. The thickness of membrane after sintering was about 30-40 μm at a few second of dipping time.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rice Husk Addition as Additive Materials on the Characterization of Ceramic Membrane and Their Application on Water River Treatment Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sisnayati Sisnayati ◽  
Ria Komala ◽  
Retno Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
River Water ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Bet Analysis

This study aims to study how the effect of adding rice husk additives to the characteristics of ceramic membranes with various variations of membrane-forming component composition in terms of surface morphology and pore size of the membrane produced. This research is expected to be used by the community as an alternative treatment of river water into clean water. In this study, the variables studied were the composition of the membrane constituent namely clay, iron powder and rice husk  as an additives. The ceramic membrane was designed in the form of a tube, made from a mixture of clay, iron powder and rice husk with a diameter of 5 cm, an outer diameter of 6 cm, a thickness of 1 cm and a length of 25 cm. Housing membrane was made of glass fiber with an outer diameter of 9 cm, an inner diameter of 8.5 cm and a length of 30 cm. Making ceramic membranes were from clay, iron powder and rice husk with a ratio of 87.5%, 2.5%, 10%, 77.5%, 2.5%, 20% and 77.5%, 2.5%, 15%.  The river water was treated by flowing to the complete separation process. It was taken every 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, 75 minutes, 90 minutes. Every sampling, the permeate volume was determined. Permeat events were analyzed for chemical parameters in the form of iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn). Based on the SEM-EDS analysis on the ceramic membrane produced shows that the membrane was classified in the microfiltration membrane group with a random and asymmetrical pore size and structure. According to the BET analysis on ceramic membranes shows that the best ceramic membrane produced in this study is C ceramic membrane with a clay composition of 87.5%; 10% of rice husk; and 2.5% of iron powder with a pore size of 2.8 μm and a large surface area of ​​45.38 m2/g. The difference in pressure of 2 bars gives the best results in reducing levels of contaminant compounds contained in river water with a percentage of Fe reduction of 92.18%, Mn of 89.23%,  and Zn of 99.80%.

High-performance macro-porous alumina-mullite ceramic membrane supports fabricated by employing coarse alumina and colloidal silica

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (14) ◽  
pp. 17946-17954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ma ◽  
Xiuan Xi ◽  
Chao He ◽  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Wei Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Mullite Ceramic

Corrosion Resistance Properties of Porous Alumina–Mullite Ceramic Membrane Supports

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1901442
Author(s):  
Juan Ma ◽  
Bin Du ◽  
Chao He ◽  
Shenghui Zeng ◽  
Kaihui Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Mullite Ceramic

scholarly journals Rational Design and Porosity of Porous Alumina Ceramic Membrane for Air Bearing

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Jianzhou Du ◽  
Duomei Ai ◽  
Xin Xiao ◽  
Jiming Song ◽  
Yunping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
Air Bearing ◽  
Supply Pressure ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Gas Supply

Air bearing has been widely applied in ultra-precision machine tools, aerospace and other fields. The restrictor of the porous material is the key component in air bearings, but its performance is limited by the machining accuracy. A combination of optimization design and material modification of the porous alumina ceramic membrane is proposed to improve performance within an air bearing. Porous alumina ceramics were prepared by adding a pore-forming agent and performing solid-phase sintering at 1600 °C for 3 h, using 95-Al2O3 as raw material and polystyrene microspheres with different particle sizes as the pore-forming agent. With 20 wt.% of PS50, the optimum porous alumina ceramic membranes achieved a density of 3.2 g/cm3, a porosity of 11.8% and a bending strength of 150.4 MPa. Then, the sintered samples were processed into restrictors with a diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 5 mm. After the restrictors were bonded to aluminum shells for the air bearing, both experimental and simulation work was carried out to verify the designed air bearing. Simulation results showed that the load capacity increased from 94 N to 523 N when the porosity increased from 5% to 25% at a fixed gas supply pressure of 0.5 MPa and a fixed gas film thickness of 25 μm. When the gas film thickness and porosity were fixed at 100 μm and 11.8%, respectively, the load capacity increased from 8.6 N to 40.8 N with the gas supply pressure having been increased from 0.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa. Both experimental and simulation results successfully demonstrated the stability and effectiveness of the proposed method. The porosity is an important factor for improving the performance of an air bearing, and it can be optimized to enhance the bearing’s stability and load capacity.

Reactivity of Pulmonary Alveolar Cells to Crocidolite Asbestos Fibers

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 334-335
Author(s):  
Charles L. Sanders ◽  
Roy R. Adee
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Intratracheal Instillation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Fiber Suspension ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Alveolar Cells ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Fischer Rats ◽  
Mineral Silicates

Asbestos is a generic name for a group of hydrated mineral silicates that occur naturally in a fibrous form. The early interactions of asbestos fibers with alveolar cells in large part determines their long-term toxicity. Young adult, SPF, Fischer rats were given a single intratracheal instillation of 2 mg crocidolite asbestos suspended in 0.5 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution. About 80% of the fibers had lengths of less than 10 ym as measured on light micrographs of the fiber suspension. Two rats were killed at 3 hr, 1 d and 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16 wk after instillation and the lungs instilled with 8 ml McDowell - Trumps at 20 cm H2O. Lung tissue was dehydrated and sputtered coated with palladium-gold for SEM or post-fixed in osmium tetroxide, embedded in epoxy resin and sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate for TEM.

A SEM/TEM examination of a ceramic membrane

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
C.E. Voegele-Kliewer ◽  
A.D. McMaster ◽  
G.W. Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gas Separation ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Hydrogen Iodide ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Corning Glass ◽  
Gas Transport Properties ◽  
Porous Microstructure ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
The Relationship

Materials other than polymers, e.g. ceramic silicates, are currently being investigated for gas separation processes. The permeation characteristics of one such material, Vycor (Corning Glass #1370), have been reported for the separation of hydrogen from hydrogen iodide. This paper will describe the electron microscopy techniques applied to reveal the porous microstructure of a Vycor membrane. The application of these techniques has led to an increased understanding in the relationship between the substructure and the gas transport properties of this material.

Structure of rattlesnake venom lectin determined by single particle high-resolution electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Peter D. Moisiuk ◽  
Daniel R. Beniac ◽  
Ross A. Ridsdale ◽  
Martin Young ◽  
Bhushan Nagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lipid Monolayer ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Crotalus Atrox ◽  
3D Reconstructions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rattlesnake Venom ◽  
Covalently Linked

Venom from the rattlesnake Crotalus atrox contains a mixture of enzymes that induce a localized effect leading to hemorrhaging, necrosis and edema. As a member of the crotalid family of snake venoms, Crotalus atrox venom contains a C-type lectin that will agglutinate blood cells in a Ca2+-dependent fashion. The lectin is a hydrophilic protein, consisting of two covalently linked, 135 amino acid residues, identical subunits that are rich in aspartic acid, glutamic acid and lysine. Sequence homology with known carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) indicates that rattlesnake venom lectin (RSLV) contains a CRD motif that is not linked to accessory domains. Preliminary X-ray diffraction and sedimentation analysis has indicated that lectin from Crotalus atrox forms decamers composed of two five-fold symmetric pentamers. Single particles of RSVL imaged at – 171°C displayed two distinct orientations on the specimen support (Figure a) following incubation in a crystallization Teflon well, coated with a lipid monolayer consisting of phosphatidylcholine and monosialoganglioside. When lying in an end-on orientation, the lectin exhibited a “pentagonal ring” with an outer diameter of 6.7 nm and an inner hollow core of 1.7 nm. A side orientation was also seen, whereby a thickness of 5.8 nm was measured for the lectin. Image processing of 2280 single particles placed in 100 classes (Figure b) led to 3D reconstructions of RSVL (Figure c). Density limited 3D reconstructions showed the lectin to be made of two five-fold symmetrical rings covalently linked between the five subunits that constitute each ring of this homodimer. These results are consistent with sedimentation and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis on the shape of RSVL and provide the framework for structural verification by 2D electron crystallography.

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