scholarly journals Enhanced oil recovery from palm oil mill effluent using ultrasonication technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
Y M Tang ◽  
W Y Wong ◽  
K T Tan ◽  
L P Wong
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Abstract Palm oil is the planet’s most exploited vegetable oil. However, its extensive commercialization has resulted in massive waste, particularly palm oil mill effluent (POME), contributing to severe environmental pollution. POME has a high concentration of oil and grease (O&G) with the mean value of 4,340 mg/L, exceeding the standard discharge limit of 50 mg/L. Hence, the recovery of oil content in POME is crucial as it could be a key material in biodiesel production. The oil droplets in POME exist in two phases: floating in the supernatant and suspended in the solids. During the solvent extraction process, the oil adsorbed by the solid particles is not entirely recovered. Thus, ultrasonication-based process intensification is introduced. Ultrasonication can break apart the solid particles and release the oil content using the principle of sound waves, thereby it will eventually increase the yield of oil recovery from POME. Although some studies were done on oil extraction from POME, the use of ultrasonication technique to enhance the extraction of oil from POME has never been done. The current research work is to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasonication technique to enhance the oil recovery from POME and compare it to a non-ultrasonicated POME. Overall, this research discovered that using ultrasonication as a pre-treatment would improve oil recovery yield from POME by 39.17% as compared to non-ultrasonicated sample under the optimum ultrasonication conditions of 30% amplitude and 30 seconds duration.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation Potential of Vetiver System Technology for Improving the Quality of Palm Oil Mill Effluent

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negisa Darajeh ◽  
Azni Idris ◽  
Paul Truong ◽  
Astimar Abdul Aziz ◽  
Rosenani Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
System Technology ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Control Sets ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Palm oil mill effluent (POME), a pollutant produced by the palm oil industry, was treated by the Vetiver system technology (VST). This technology was applied for the first time to treat POME in order to decrease biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study, two different concentrations of POME (low and high) were treated with Vetiver plants for 2 weeks. The results showed that Vetiver was able to reduce the BOD up to 90% in low concentration POME and 60% in high concentration POME, while control sets (without plant) only was able to reduce 15% of BOD. The COD reduction was 94% in low concentration POME and 39% in high concentration POME, while control just shows reduction of 12%. Morphologically, maximum root and shoot lengths were 70 cm, the number of tillers and leaves was 344 and 86, and biomass production was 4.1 kg m−2. These results showed that VST was effective in reducing BOD and COD in POME. The treatment in low concentration was superior to the high concentration. Furthermore, biomass of plant can be considered as a promising raw material for biofuel production while high amount of biomass was generated in low concentration of POME.

Optimization of biodiesel production from palm oil mill effluent using lipase immobilized in PVA-alginate-sulfate beads

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 1178-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamu Idris Matinja ◽  
Nor Azimah Mohd Zain ◽  
Mohd Suardi Suhaimi ◽  
Adamu Jibril Alhassan
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes in Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-149
Author(s):  
Azmi Aris ◽  
Muhammad Noor Hazwan Jusoh ◽  
Nurul Shakila Ahmad Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

This chapter presents a review on limited studies that have been conducted using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in treating biologically treated palm oil mill effluent. Palm oil mill effluent is the byproducts of palm oil production that is normally treated using a series of biological processes. However, despite being treated for a long period of retention time, the effluent still possesses high concentration of organics, nutrients, and highly colored, and will pollute the environment if not treated further. Advanced oxidation processes that utilized hydroxyl radicals as their oxidizing agents have the potential of further treating the biologically treated POME. Fenton oxidation, photocatalysis, and cavitation are the main AOPs that have been studied in polishing the biologically treated POME. Depending on the experimental conditions, the removal of organics, in terms of COD, TOC, and color, could reach up to more than 90%. Nevertheless, each of this process has its own limitations and further studies are needed to overcome these limitations.

Microbubbles Size Distribution at Different Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Temperatures for Oil Recovery Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Nurul Hazwani Mohamad ◽  
Alawi Sulaiman ◽  
Jagannathan Krishnan ◽  
Mohd Noriznan Mokhtar ◽  
Azhari Samsu Baharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Resource Requirement ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Recovery Study ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is the largest contributor of biomass from the palm oil milling industry. Conventional method of POME treatment using ponding system should be improved because of huge land resource requirement. In this study, microbubbles technology was applied to understand the recovery rate of residual oil from POME at different operating temperatures. Temperature for POME was set at 27 oC, 30 oC and 50 oC to determine the microbubble size distributions and characteristics at different POME temperature. At each temperature, the size of microbubbles was measured based on six size range; <10 μm, (11-20) μm, (21-30) μm, (31-40) μm, (41-50) μm and >50 μm. The results showed that at different temperatures, the microbubbles size distribution varies and the smallest group of microbubbles (<10μm) was generated at 50oC. According to Stoke-Einstein equation, at higher temperature, smaller size of microbubbles is generated because of the gas diffusion factor into liquid.

scholarly journals The potential bio-conversion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as Bioethanol by steady-state anaerobic processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Muh. Ilham Anggamulia ◽  
Mindriany Syafila ◽  
Marisa Handajani ◽  
Andri Gumilar
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Biomass is a central issue as new material that can be used as a substrate to produce biofuels, it has become global research to replace liquid fossil fuels with alternative renewable and sustainable fossils. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the potential of Agri-industrial waste to be used as alternative energy with anaerobic digestion of high concentration organic wastewater can be used for bioethanol production to replace food as raw material. Bioethanol can be produced in acidogenic steps in the organic degradation process. In this research, bacterial mixed cultures sourced from bovine rumen as biomass and the substrate used was palm oil mill effluent (POME) with a characteristic COD concentration of 25,600 mg/L, The operation of the reactor is set at pH 5; 6; 7 for 72 hours with the type of anaerobic circulating batch reactor (CBR), measurement of bioethanol products and acidogenesis of samples is carried out every 6 hours. The results showed that the reactor with variations in pH conditions 5 gave the highest efficiency of bioethanol formation in the 12 hour running process, result is 102,94 mg/L with a maximum formation rate of 9,98 mg/L/hour.

scholarly journals Characterization of Oily and Non-Oily Natural Sediments in Palm Oil Mill Effluent

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem A. Alrawi ◽  
Nik Norulaini Nik Ab Rahman ◽  
Anees Ahmad ◽  
Norli Ismail ◽  
A. K. Mohd Omar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Sediment Size ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
The Many

Palm oil is one of the many vegetable oils widely consumed around the world. The production of palm oil requires voluminous amount of water with the concurrent generation of large amount of wastewater known as palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME is a mixture of water, oil, and natural sediments (solid particles and fibres).There is a dearth of information on the physical properties of these POME sediments. This study intends to distinguish the physical properties of oily and non-oily POME sediments which include sediment size, particle size distribution (PSD), sediment shape, sediment surface morphology, and sediment density. These characterizations are important for future researches because these properties have significant effects on the settling process that occurs either under natural gravity or by coagulations. It was found that the oily and non-oily POME sediments have different sizes with nonspherical irregular shapes, and because of that, the aspect ratio (AR) and circularity shape factors were adopted to describe the shapes of these sediments. The results also indicate that the density of oily POME sediment decreases as the sediment size increases.

Lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis for biodiesel production of untreated palm oil mill effluent

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1105-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nova Rachmadona ◽  
Jerome Amoah ◽  
Emmanuel Quayson ◽  
Shinji Hama ◽  
Ayumi Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Scheme of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a feedstock for biodiesel production.

Microbubbles Size Distribution at Different Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Temperatures for Oil Recovery Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Nurul Hazwani Mohamad ◽  
Alawi Sulaiman ◽  
Jagannathan Krishnan ◽  
Mohd Noriznan Mokhtar ◽  
Azhari Samsu Baharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Resource Requirement ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Recovery Study ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is the largest contributor of biomass from the palm oil milling industry. Conventional method of POME treatment using ponding system should be improved because of huge land resource requirement. In this study, microbubbles technology was applied to understand the recovery rate of residual oil from POME at different operating temperatures. Temperature for POME was set at 27 oC, 30 oC and 50 oC to determine the microbubble size distributions and characteristics at different POME temperature. At each temperature, the size of microbubbles was measured based on six size range; <10 μm, (11-20) μm, (21-30) μm, (31-40) μm, (41-50) μm and >50 μm. The results showed that at different temperatures, the microbubbles size distribution varies and the smallest group of microbubbles (<10μm) was generated at 50oC. According to Stoke-Einstein equation, at higher temperature, smaller size of microbubbles is generated because of the gas diffusion factor into liquid.

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