scholarly journals Growth responses of maize-soybean intercropping system and its potential for cattle feed in Bali

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
A R K Sari ◽  
R Dharmawan ◽  
I M R Yasa ◽  
A A N B Kamandalu ◽  
S A N Aryawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Cattle Feed ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Planting System

Abstract There had been a 2.145 ha fields transition in Bali which had a major impact on the loss of food production. However, there was raise in the population annually, therefore it disrupts local food security. Effort to raise the effectiveness and agricultural productivity areas through changing cropping system from monoculture to intercropping. This study aimed to find out the growth responses of maize and soybean crops cultivated by monoculture and intercropping planting systems and its carrying capacity for cattle feed. The study was arranged using a randomized block design with 3 treatments and 3 replications, namely: T1: Bima 20 URI VUB maize seeds in monoculture (40cm x 20cm x 80cm; 1 seed/hole or 70cm x 40cm x 100cm; 2 seeds/hole); T2: Anjasmoro, Deja 2 and Devon soybean VUB seeds in monoculture system (40cm x 20cm; 2-3 seeds/hole); T3: maize-soybean intercropping; Maize (2 rows; 40cm x 12.5; 2 seeds/hole); Soybeans (4 rows; 30cm x 10cm; 2-3 seeds/hole); both distance: 40cm. Data collected were growth performance, yield components and yield capacity of both maize and soybean crops also competition and profit value of maize and soybeans crops cultivated by intercropping planting system. The results showed that monoculture maize crops cultivated by monoculture planting system were better than it intercropped with soybean crops in terms of growth parameters. However, intercropping maize and soybean were produced greater yield components on cobs number, cobs and grains weight than monoculture (P<0.05), except grains weight per cobs. The monoculture soybean plant in growth, components and yield parameters were greater than intercropping (P>0.05). The ATER, LER, RCC, CR, and AYL values were 3.24; 1.28; -2.69; 4.58; -0.098 on maize and 2.52; 0.84; 1.82; 0.21; -0.158 on soybean. Those result was followed by carrying capacity in intercropping system by 30% usage can be used for 1.804 AU meanwhile 40% usage was sufficient for 1.353 AU. Intercropping system can be recommended to farmers to increase growth responses of maize-soybean and its potential carrying capacity for cattle feed.

Effectiveness of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer choice for improving growth and yield of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) during dry season

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
Sukanta Pal ◽  
Megha Sana ◽  
Hirak Banerjee ◽  
Lhingneikim Lhungdim
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Dry Seasons

Effect of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer on growth and productivity of hybrid rice (cv. PHB 71) was assessed during dry seasons of 2017 and 2018 at Research Farm of BCKV under new alluvial zone of West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 12 treatment combinations having 4 levels of N and 3 types of bio-fertilizer replicated thrice. Application at 180 kg N/ha produced tallest plants at 90 DAT with maximum LAI (60 DAT), DMA (90 DAT), tillers/hill (90 DAT) and CGR (30-60 & 60-90 DAT). The same N rate resulted in highest panicles/m2, panicle length, panicle weight, filled grains/panicle and 1000-grain weight. A decrease in N dose from 180 to 150 kg/ha caused reduction in all those yield components; however, the variation was non-significant except for number of panicles/m2. Maximum grain yield, straw yield and harvest index was also achieved with 180 kg N/ha accounting 120.1, 34.9 and 32.8% more than the values obtained with zero-N; however, it was statistically at par with the yields and HI obtained with 150 kg N/ha. The Azospirillum application increased all the growth parameters, yield components and yield of hybrid rice over other tested bio-fertilizers (Azospirillum > PSB > K mobilizer), accounting 5.9 and 8.8% more than the yields obtained with PSB and K mobilizer. The interaction of N and bio-fertilizer exerted significant effect on growth attributes but failed to record any significant variations in yield components and yield of hybrid rice. The maximum economic benefit was achieved with combined application of 180 kg N/ha and Azospirillum.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Magnesium, Boron, dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Produktivitas Cabai serta Serangan Hama dan Penyakit (Effect of Magnesium, Boron, and Biofertilizers on Chili Pepper Productivity and Impact of Pests and Diseases)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Wiwin Setiawati ◽  
Ahsol Hasyim ◽  
Bagus Kukuh Udiarto ◽  
Abdi Hudayya
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Impact

<p>Penggunaan pupuk hayati dan unsur hara makro sekunder seperti magnesium (Mg) dan hara mikro boron (B) diketahui dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan, kualitas hasil tanaman, meningkatkan unsur hara dalam tanah serta mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit. Selain itu penggunaan pupuk tersebut dapat mengurangi kebutuhan terhadap pupuk kimia sintetis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasinya dengan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen serta penekanan serangan hama dan penyakit. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, Jawa Barat (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan Juni 2018 sampai bulan Februari 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasi dengan pupuk hayati serta teknologi konvensional sebagai pembanding. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman dan luas kanopi), komponen hasil dan hasil serta serangan hama dan penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Mg, B, dan pupuk hayati yang diaplikasikan sebanyak dua kali pada umur 30 HST dan 45 HST mampu meningkatkan produktivitas cabai sebesar 21,68 ton/ha atau meningkat sebesar 54,53% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Peningkatan produktivitas cabai terjadi karena adanya perbaikan dalam komponen hasil seperti jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, panjang, dan bobot buah serta adanya penekanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit seperti trips, antraknosa, lalat buah, dan penggerek buah sebesar 18,10% sampai 23,93%.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><em>Capsicum annuum</em>; Unsur hara makro; Pupuk hayati; Produktivitas; Organisme pengganggu tumbuhan</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The use of biofertilizer and macro and micro nutrients enhanced the growth and development, yield quality of vegetable crops as well as nutrient status of soil to a greater extent and to increased on pests and diseases resistance. Organic sources of nutrients including biofertilizers also economize the use of chemical fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to determine the best combination of Mg, B, and biofertilizer that increase the growth and yield of chili pepper and the impact to pest and diseases on chili pepper. The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, West Java from June 2018 to February 2019. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments and four replicated. The treatments were Mg, B, and their combinations with biofertilizer compared to the conventional technologies as a control. The observations were carried out on the growth parameters (plant height and leaf canopy), yield components, pest and diseases of chili pepper. The results showed that the combinations of Mg, B, and biofertilizer increased the yield of chili up to 21.68 ton/ha or positive interaction beside beneficial agent with Mg, B, and biofertilizer package on 54.53%. Increased productivity of chili occurs because of improvements in yield components such as the number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit length and fruit weight and reduction of pest and disease attacks such as thrips, anthracnose, fruit flies and, fruit borers by 18.10% to 23.93%.</p>

scholarly journals Competition Indices of Safflower and Faba Bean Intercrops as Affected by Fertilizers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Mahmoodreza SAEIDI ◽  
Yaghoub RAEI ◽  
Rouhollah AMINI ◽  
Akbar TAGHIZADEH ◽  
Bahman PASBAN-ESLAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Sole Cropping

Cropping systems of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under different fertility were compared with sole cropping of each crop during 2015 and 2016 at the Research Farm of Tabriz University in Iran. The treatments were cropping systems (safflower and faba bean sole croppings, intercropping systems of safflower and faba bean with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1), and nutrient levels (100% chemical fertilizers, 60%, 30% chemical + biofertilizers and no fertilizer). A factorial set of treatments based on a randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Cropping system and fertility effects were significant for yield and yield components of each crop. Yield and yield components were increased with the integrated use of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers for both years, while seed yield was reduced by intercropping. Maximum land equivalent ratio (LER), relative value total (RVT), system productivity index (SPI) and monetary advantage index (MAI) were achieved in nutritive level of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers as intercropped plants in ratio of 1:1 for both years. The total actual yield loss (AYL) values were positive and greater than zero in all mixtures, indicating an advantage from intercropping over sole crops. Intercropped safflower had a higher relative crowding coefficient (RCC) than intercropped faba bean, indicating that safflower was more competitive than faba bean in intercropping systems. From this study, it is inferred that intercropping (safflower and faba bean) with integrated use of the reduced chemical and biofertilizers may give better overall yield and income than sole cropping of each crop species.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth, Yield and Active Ingredients in Fenugreek Plants under Different Potassium Fertilizer Rates and Kaolin Application

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Nahed S. A. El-Shayeb ◽  
Reem H. I. Hassan ◽  
Marwa A. Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed A. I. Abdelkader
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Potassium Fertilization

A split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was planned at Experimental Farm, Agriculture Faculty, Zagazig University, Egypt during the two consecutive seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. Aiming to study the effect of different potassium fertilization rate (0.0, 24 and 48 K2O kg/feddan) and different kaolin concentrations (0.0, 15, 30 and 45 g/l) as well as their combination treatments on growth parameters, yield components, fixed oil, and active ingredient. Results indicated that growth parameters (plant height, branch number/ plant and dry weight/plant), yield components (number of pods/plant, seed yield/ plant and /feddan) and chemical constituents (total chlorophyll, total nitrogen, potassium, total carbohydrates, mucilage and trigonelline content) were influenced by experimental factors. Furthermore, the highest rate of potassium fertilization recorded significant increase in these above parameters compared to control. In the same trend, the highest values in this concern of Trigonella feonum-graecum was observed with 30 or 45 g/l of kaolin compared to control. Moreover, applied 48 kg K2O /feddan was more efficient than 24 kg and control when combined with kaolin at 30 or 45 g /l, in most cases. Generally, this combination treatments seems promising in enhancing fenugreek growth and productivity under Sharkia Governorate conditions.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY THROUGH DIALLEL METHOD IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipat Singh Yadav ◽  
B. Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The present investigation was conducted using 28 different genotypes (seven parents and their 21 F1s) of maize under organic conditions at the Rain-fed Organic Research Farm, Narayanbag, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.) India, during kharif 2018 and rabi season 2018-19. In order to determine the general and specific combining ability of parents and the crosses, the growth parameters and yield components were evaluated in a 7×7 diallel fashion in maize in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. In this study, the GCA effects suggested that parent P1, P2 and P4 were the most desirable as they possessed high GCA effect for most of the characters. Among F1 crosses, P4 x P3, P3 x P1, P5 x P3 and P7 x P5 having significant positive SCA were found to be desirable for yield and yield attributing characters. The maximum heterotic effects in desirable direction for yield attributes were showed by the cross combinations viz; P1 x P6, P2 x P7, P2 x P5, P1 x P2, P3 x P4, P5 x P7 and P3 x P5. The maximum heterosis was recorded in for Seed yield per plant P5 x P7 (39.32%) which ranged from -14.69 to 49.55.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF LEGOWO ROW PLANTING SYSTEM AND SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) OF PADDY FIELD (ORYZA SATIVA L.) TOWARD GROWTH AND PRODUCTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Plant System ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Planting Distance ◽  
Planting System

Rice is the main commodity crops in the province of Gorontalo, in addition to maize and pulses. One alternative technology to increase productivity is through application of Legowo cropping system that is engineered way of planting the tiles so that there is a spacious room extends to one direction between two rows of rice plants, while the other way seemed more tightly. In rice cultivation with system of transplanting, planting distance is one factor of production that is very important because it determines the productivity achieved. This research is expected to be a reference for farmers, especially in the province of Gorontalo to carry rice cultivation so as to increase the production of rice plants. The design of the study is a Randomized Complete Block Design by comparing between systems that are often used by farmers, namely row planting system tiles (S0), the system of row planting Legowo (2: 1) (S1), system of row planting Legowo (4: 1 ) (S2), planting system SRI (S3). The parameters of observations made were plant height, number of tillers, production (kg/plot), and observations of soil samplesman. The results showed treatment plant system of tiles provide number of tiller and height of plants that are best compared with other treatments. The best results for a number of productive tillers, the average production of grain/plot, grain weight of 1000 grain was in the treatment plant system Legowo row 2: 1.

scholarly journals Studi Sistem Tanam Jajar Legowo terhadap Peningkatan Produktivitas Padi Sawah

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Misran Misran
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Optimum Productivity ◽  
Productive Tiller ◽  
Planting System

The studies of row planting system “legowo” to the increased productivity of lowland rice. This research aims to determine the best planting system in order to obtain optimum growth and yield. The experiment site in lowland farmers Piruko Sitiung, Dharmasraya district, West Sumatra, from May to September 2009. The research using a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 replications and 5 treatments planting systems, namely: (A) the Row “Legowo” 2:1, (B) the Row “Legowo” 4:1, (C) the Row “Legowo” 6:1, (D) the Row “Legowo” 8:1, and (e) Without the Row “Legowo” Control. Fertilizers are used ; 200 kg Urea, 100 kg SP36, and 50 kg KCl/ha. Urea and KCl are given three times with brocasting system at 1, 4 , and 7 weeks after planting (wap), while the SP36 is given at 1 wap combined with Urea and KCl. The seeds used Batang Piaman variety planted three seedling per hill, spacing of 25x25 cm . Data were collected on; plant height , maximum number of tillers/hill, number of productive tiller/hill, yield components, and yield. The results showed that “legowo” row planting system significantly affect the agronomic component plants, except at plant height. Against the yield components and the results also showed a marked influence on the percentage of empty grains unless and 1000 grain weight. “Legowo” row planting system can increase the yield of dry grain harvest around 19.90 to 22%. This experiment suggests that in order to obtain optimum productivity of lawland rice is recommended to use of “Legowo” row planting system. Keywords : “Legowo” row planting system, productivity, lawland rice.

scholarly journals Performance of different rice hybrids in Krishna western delta

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-251
Author(s):  
K. Anny Mrudhula ◽  
B. Krishna Veni
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted at Rice Research Unit, Bapatla during Kharif, 2013 to observe the performance of hybrids under Krishna Western Delta. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with four replications. The treatments are 5 rice hybrids like DRRH2, DRRH3, KRH2, PA6201 and CRHR32. The results of study revealed that the hybrids exhibited superiority in respect of different growth parameters like plant height, number of tillers per hill, panicle length grain yield and straw yield. Among various tested rice hybrids, maximum grain yield (6408 kg/ha) and straw yield (7178 kg/ha) were recorded in PA6201 which might be due to better growth parameters and yield components of hybrids.

scholarly journals Mixed Cropping System on Diversity and Density of Plant Parasitic Nematodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Kingsley Osei ◽  
Haruna Braimah ◽  
Umar Sanda Issa ◽  
Yaw Danso
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Sole Cropping

<p>The potential of mixed cropping system on the diversity and suppression of nematodes was investigated at two locations in Ghana. The treatments in the study were; sole plantain, sole cassava and plantain+cassava systems replicated five and four times in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) at Kwadaso in the Ashanti and Assin Foso in the Central region of Ghana respectively. Growth parameters (height and girth) and components of yield (No. of suckers/plant, bunch weight/plant, No. of hands/plant, No. of fingers/plant) were studied on plantain in addition to No. of weevils per plant. On cassava, total biomass, tuber number and tuber weight (yield) were analyzed using GenStat software and means were separated with Fisher’s least significance test at a = 0.05. There were no differences in height and girth of plantain at Assin Foso. However, plant height was 25% and girth 13% more under sole plantain system over the mixed cropping system at Kwadaso. The sole plantain system recorded 60% and 75% more suckers than the Plantain-Cassava system at both locations. Mixed and sole cropping systems did not influence the diversity of nematode community but significant differences were observed in the density of the nematode taxa encountered under the two systems. Throughout the investigation at both locations, it was observed that the mixed cropping system recorded significantly (P &lt; 0.05) lower nematode population densities in comparison to sole cropping system. It is therefore true that an agro-ecological strategy for pests and diseases control is the growing of a mixture of crops differing in their susceptibility to pests and pathogens</p>

scholarly journals Standardization of Varied Sowing Windows and Nitrogen Levels for Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under Rainfed Conditions of Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
M. Ramanjineyulu ◽  
V. K. Paulpandi ◽  
V. Geethalakshmi ◽  
C. Vanniarajan ◽  
N. S. Venkataraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Agricultural College

A field experiment was conducted during kharif-2017 at Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai in a factorial randomized block design. The present research was designed by nine treatment combinations considering three dates of sowing D1: II fortnight of June, D2 : I fortnight of July and D3 : II fortnight of July and three nitrogen levels N1: RDN (80 kg ha-1), N2 : 75% RDN (60 kg ha-1) and N3 : 125% RDN (100 kg ha-1) to study the growth and yield components of pearlmillet grown with variety CO (Cu) 10. The crop sown on I fortnight of July with 125 % RDN recorded maximum growth parameters, yield components and recorded significantly highest grain yield. The lowest was recorded in crop sown on II fortnight of July with application of 75% RDN.

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