scholarly journals Effect of pendimethalin and sulfentrazone on characteristics of weeds in soybean cultivation

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
Hasanuddin Hasanuddin ◽  
S Hafsah ◽  
Halimursyadah ◽  
Nurhayati ◽  
A Setiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Tank-mixing herbicides can increase the efficiency of weed control on soybean cultivation. The purpose of this study was to acquire the proper dose of pendimethalin and sulfentrazone both alone and in mixture to control weeds on soybean farming. It was conducted from July to September 2019 at Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, employing non-Factorial Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) comprising different doses of herbicides: control, pendimethalin 1500 g a.i/ha, sulfentrazone 1500 g a.i/ha, pendimethalin 750 g a.i/ha + sulfentrazone 750 g a.i/ha, pendimethalin 1000 g a.i/ha + sulfentrazone 1000 g a.i/ha, pendimethalin 500 g a.i/ha + sulfentrazone 1000 g a.i/ha, pendimethalin 1000 g a.i/ha + sulfentrazone 500 g a.i/ha and pendimethalin 500 g a.i/ha + sulfentrazone 500 g a.i/ha. The variables observed were weed control percentage, weed species, number of weeds, and weed dry weight. The results showed that the application of pendimethalin 500 g a.i/ha together with sulfentrazone 500 g a.i/ha has increased weed control percentage and decrease weed species, number of weeds and weed dry weight.

scholarly journals Application of oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin to control weeds on soybean plantation

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
H Hasanuddin ◽  
G Erida ◽  
S Hafsah ◽  
A Marliah ◽  
Y Agustiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The appearance of weeds on crops has led to the significant loss of crop yield. Therefore, chemical control with herbicides has been an important tool for rapid and efficient weed management in crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin against weeds on soybean plantation. This research employed Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Factorial with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of herbicides: oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin. The second factor was herbicide doses: 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g a.i ha-1, applied on soybean at 1 day after planting (DAP). The percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage, weed species, weed population, and weed dry weight were observed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The results revealed that different types and doses of herbicide applied has affected the percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage weed species and weed dry weight.

scholarly journals Parthenium hysterophorus Herbage Mulching: a Potential Source of Weeds Control in Soybean (Glycine max)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. SIDDIQUI ◽  
S. KHALID ◽  
M. SHEHZAD ◽  
Z.A. SHAH ◽  
A. AHMAD
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Weeds Control ◽  
Weight Number

ABSTRACT: Weeds have indirect effects on crop plants. Crop development is affected by allelopathy from certain weed species. Allelochemicals from allelopathic weeds can disturb the root and shoot growth of emerging crop seedlings, as well as cause several other types of damage. A study was carried out to investigate the allelopathic potential of Parthenium hysterophorus for weed response in soybean. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements and replicated thrice. Sowing methods (broadcast and line sowing) were kept in the main plot and mulching treatments (surface mulching and soil incorporation) were kept in the sub-plots. Mulching of Parthenium hysterophorus was applied at the rate of 1.0 t ha-1, 2.5 t ha-1, 5 t ha-1 with control (no parthenium). Manual weed control was also used as treatments. The results revealed that significantly higher shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weigh, root dry weight, number of nodules per plant, nodules fresh and dry weight, number of branches, number of pods per plant, thousand seed weight biological yield, economic yield, dry matter yield and harvest index were recorded with the soil incorporation of Parthenium herbage at the rate of 2.5 t ha-1. Maximum weed density and weed dry biomass were recorded in control plots while weed control efficiency was seen greater in plots where Parthenium herbage was applied to surface at the rate of 5 t ha-1. The results suggested that the use of Parthenium hysterophorus herbage mulching can reduce infestation of weeds by its allelopathic effects and increase the yield of soybean under sub-humid agro-climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) as a Live mulch on weed management in maize cropping

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
A.I. Woghiren ◽  
R. O., Awodoyin ◽  
C.I. Antiabong ◽  
E.N. Ngonadi ◽  
O.R. Jeminiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Environmental Biology ◽  
Maize Cultivation

Weed interference is a major constraint in maize cultivation. Living mulch as an alternative weed control strategy has been established to be environmentally safe but has not been widely used in maize cultivation. The aim of this research was to evaluate the weed management attributes of Vigna unguiculata in maize cropping. A field study was carried out in the crop garden of the Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The treatments were maize interplanted with Cowpea at 20,000 (M1), 30,000 (M2), 40,000 (M3) plants/hectare, hoe weeding (M4), weedy check (M5) and Primextra-2.5 L/ha (M6). The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design, each replicated four times. Weed Dry Weight (WDW) and Weed Control Efficiency–WCE (%) were calculated following standardized methods. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. The treatment plots were dominated by weed species in the Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae families. The M5 accounted for the highest WDW (126.30 g). The WCE was highest in M3 (94.8%) and least in M5 (66.4%). Maize and cowpea interplant at 40,000 plants/hectare suppressed weed. Hence, cowpea is an ideal weed suppressant and can be inter-planted as a cover crop in maize cropping systems.

scholarly journals Herbicide efficacy on Borreria densiflora control in pre- and post-emergence conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A.B. Martins ◽  
P.J. Christoffoleti
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Mixtures

The weed Borreria densiflora is a management issue in soybean and sugarcane crops from North and Northeastern Brazil. Knowledge upon chemical control of B. densiflora contributes to the integrated management of this weed species, especially when active ingredient options become reduced due to the selection of herbicide resistant or tolerant weed species. Experiments in pre- and post-emergence of B. densiflora were conducted in greenhouse, in a randomized block design and four replications. In pre-emergence, the dose-response curve methodology was used and 7 herbicides were tested. In post-emergence, 9 herbicides at the recommended rate and 4 herbicide mixtures were tested. For pre and post-emergence conditions, evaluations were conducted at 60 and 21 days after treatment (DAT), respectively, and the variables analyzed were weed control and dry weight (%). The results showed options of pre-emergent herbicides that can be used for controlling B. densiflora, especially in sugarcane, where chemical weed control is mainly based on pre-emergent applications. In the current glyphosate resistance scenario, one should consider the use of pre-emergent herbicides within an integrated management of B. densiflora. For satisfactory post-emergence control, B. densiflora plants should be sprayed at the phenological stage of up to three pairs of leaves. Herbicide mixtures have been and will continue to be an important tool in chemical weed management, broadening the spectrum of weed control, while diversifying herbicide mechanisms of action, which helps to prevent or delay the appearance of herbicide resistance.

Bio-efficacy of post emergence herbicides in boro rice nursery as well as main field and their residual effects on non-target microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Mousumi Mondal ◽  
Sourav Garai ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Ratneswar Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Similar Treatment

Field experiments were conducted at research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India (22°97' N latitude and 88°44' E longitude, 9.75 m above mean sea level) under natural weed infestations in boro season rice (nursery bed as well as main field) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the herbicidal effects on weed floras, yield, non-target soil organisms to optimize the herbicide use for sustainable rice-production. Seven weed control treatments including three doses of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC (150,200, and 250 ml ha-1), two doses of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC (500 and 625 ml ha-1), one weed free and weedy check were laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. Among the tested herbicides, bispyribac-sodium with its highest dose (250 ml ha-1) resulted in maximum weed control efficiency, treatment efficiency index and crop resistance index irrespective of weed species and dates of observation in both nursery as well as main field. Similar treatment also revealed maximum grain yield (5.20 t ha-1), which was 38.38% higher than control, closely followed by Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (625 ml ha-1) had high efficacy against grasses, sedge and broadleaf weed flora. Maximum net return (Rs. 48765 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were obtained from the treatment which received bispyribac-sodium @ 250 ml ha-1. Based on overall performance, the bispyribac-sodium (250 ml ha-1) may be considered as the best herbicide treatment for weed management in transplanted rice as well as nursery bed.

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility of Chemical Weed Control in Soybean Production in Serbia

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Meseldžija ◽  
Miloš Rajković ◽  
Milica Dudić ◽  
Milica Vranešević ◽  
Atila Bezdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Economic Injury

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and phytotoxicity of herbicides in combinations and to determine their economic feasibility in the soybean crop. The trials were placed at two locations, Pobeda and Budisava (Serbia), during 2016 and 2018, organized in a randomized block design with four replicates of all herbicide combinations (metribuzin + S-metolachlor; imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl; metribuzin + S-metolachlor + imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl; and bentazon + imazamox + typhenesulfuron-methyl). At the first location, 16 weed species were determined, while in the second location, 14 were determined. The highest reduction in the number of weeds was achieved at the first location, using a combination of herbicides metribuzin + S-metolachlor + imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl with a total efficacy that ranged from 96.98% to 97.40%. Only on the second location bentazone + imazamox + tifensulfuron-methyl showed passable phytotoxicity on soybean, during both years. Based on the established economic justification, in the combinations of metribuzin + S-metolachlor + imazamox + oxasulfuron + typhenesulfuron-methyl, yield was increased for 2350 kg/ha or 1.91 times more, according to the untreated variant at first location. The economic injury level at the most effective combination of herbicides was 52.70 weeds/m2.

Influence of Two Herbicides on Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) Reproduction on Henbit (Lamium amplexicaule) Roots

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Werle ◽  
Mark L. Bernards ◽  
Loren J. Giesler ◽  
John L. Lindquist
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Greenhouse Study

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is the most yield-limiting pathogen of soybean in the United States. Henbit is a prevalent winter annual weed species in no-till fields and is reported to be an alternative host of SCN. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate how the development of SCN on henbit roots was affected by herbicide mode of action and time of herbicide application. Henbit plants were grown in watertight pots placed in a water bath bench that kept soil temperature constant (27 ± 1 C) during the study. Ten d after transplanting, pots were inoculated with approximately 1,000 SCN eggs. At 7, 14, or 21 d after inoculation (DAI), henbit plants were sprayed with recommended dose of either glyphosate (870 g ae ha−1) or 2,4-D (1,070 g ae ha−1). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replications per treatment, and two experimental runs separated in time. At 28 DAI, the total number of SCN cysts and eggs, and plant shoot and root dry weight per pot were determined. Henbit root and shoot biomass increased as the time of herbicide application was delayed. Glyphosate reduced root biomass more than 2,4-D, but no differences in shoot biomass were detected. The number of SCN cysts per henbit plant and eggs per cyst increased as the herbicide application was delayed from 7 to 21 DAI. Glyphosate reduced the number of cysts found on henbit roots more than 2,4-D, especially at earlier application times. On plants treated with glyphosate, SCN-females produced only half the number of eggs of SCN-females on henbit plants treated with 2,4-D, regardless of time of application. These results indicate that early control of henbit plants, especially with glyphosate, can reduce SCN reproduction potential in SCN infested fields.

scholarly journals Response of onion (Allium cepa L.) to plant population and weed control methods in a chicken weed (Portulaca quadrifida L.) infested field In Sudan Savanna, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Y. Garba
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Infested Field ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Chicken weed is a significant weed in India and it occurs under onion cultivated field at Birnin Kebbi in the Sudan Savannah, Nigeria. On-farm experiment was conducted at Birnin Kebbi during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 dry season to evaluate the effect of plant population and weed control methods on the management of chicken weed (Portulaca quadrifida) alongside other weeds in onion field. The experiment consisted of three plant populations (500,000, 333,333 and 250,000 plants per hectare) and twelve weed control methods (Pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1, + 1Hw; pendimethalin at 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1; pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1; butachlor at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1Hw; butachlor at 2.8 kg a.i. ha-1 + oxyfluorfen at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1; butachlor at 3.6 kg a.i. ha-1; fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1; oxyfluorfen at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1Hw; hoe weeding at 3 (WAT); hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAT; weed free and weedy check). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete Block design replicated three times. Results showed that weed, growth and yield parameters were not significantly affected by plant population. Pendimethalin at 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 and weed free plots consistently recorded the lowest weed cover and highest weed control efficiency. Butachlor at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw recorded the lowest crop injury score. Increase in plant height was observed when pendimethalin at 1.0 and 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw and fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 respectively was applied, while application of pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 and butachlor at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw recorded highest number of leaves and leaf area. Cured bulb and marketable bulb yield were greater with the use of pendimethalin and butachlor at 1.0 and 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw and the pooled data respectively. Application of pendimethalin and butachlor at the rate of 1.0 and 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 followed by 1 Hw at 6 WAT respectively was therefore recommended for the control of chicken weed alongside other weed species in the ecology

scholarly journals Pengaruh Herbisida Metil Metsulfuron dan Kombinasinya pada Pengendalian Gulma Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aziz Setiawan ◽  
Sismita Sari ◽  
Mirodi Syofian
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Community Coefficient

Weed control must use the right dose of herbicide so as not to leave a residual effect on cultivated plants and soil. This study ains to obtain the most appropriate dose of herbicide. Herbicide used in this study were methyl methulfuron and acetic acid combined. This study used a randomized block design (RCBD) witch 2 factors, factor A was asetic acid and factor B was methyl methulfuron and there were 12 treatment combinations with 3 replications. This research was conducted in the practicum of the Departement of Plantation Plant Cultivation, Lampung State Polytechnic. The total research plot was 36 experimentals units. The dosage levels levels of methyl methulfuron tested in this study were: 0%, 55%, 75%, and 105%. While the dose of acetic acid is: 0%, 50%, and 70%. Observations made in this study were weed vegetation analysis, weed cover percent, weed dry weight, Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR), and Community Coefficient Value (C). SDR values indicate that Panicum dicotomyflorum weed, Ricardia brasiliensis, Euphorbia heterophyla, and Cyperus rotundus are the dominant weeds. The results of this study indicate that there is no effect on the dose of methyl methulfuron herbicide, acetic acid, and interactions on methyl methulfuron herbicide and acetic acid on weed control in sugarcane fields (Saccharum officinarum L.).

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