Inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme, phenolic content and toxicity of Mara (Macaranga tanarius (L.) Mull. Arg) Leaf

Ficus carica, Orthosiphon stamineus, Ficus deltoidea and Trigona honey are known for their high antioxidant amount. In this research, these plants and honey were used to study their interactions in terms of the antioxidant properties and the inhibition of α-amylase enzyme. These plants samples were chosen as they are usually used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to measure the antioxidant activity as well as the α-amylase enzyme inhibition properties of the polyphyto formulations and Trigona honey. Simplex Centroid Mixture Design (SCMD) was used to design the formulations. In this experiment, the highest (p<0.05) antioxidant content for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was a formulation of 100% Trigona honey (90.09%). Meanwhile, a mixture of 50% F. carica – 50% O. stamineus and 50% O. stamineus – 50% Trigona honey yield the highest (p<0.05) total phenolic content (TPC) value (133.77 and 133.17 μg/mL, respectively), which indicated a synergistic interaction effect. However, for the measurement of ferric reduction antioxidant potential (FRAP), the formulation of 100% O. stamineus and 100% F. deltoidea exhibits the highest (p<0.05) value (148.95 and 148.78 μg/mL, respectively). In terms of enzyme inhibition, F. deltoidea showed the highest inhibition activity for α-amylase (8.826%). In conclusion, different percentages of F. carica, O. stamineus, F. deltoidea and Trigona honey have different interaction effects on the antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibition depending on the amount of each factor.

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Antioxidant activities, tyrosinase inhibition activity and bioactive compounds content of broken rice fermented with Amylomyces rouxii

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(s1).026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (S1) ◽

pp. 65-72

Author(s):

D.L. Abd. Razak ◽

N.Y. Abd. Rashid ◽

A. Jamaluddin ◽

A. Abd Ghani ◽

M. Abdul Manan

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibition ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Bioactive Properties ◽

Broken Rice ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

Solid state fermentation (SSF) utilizing filamentous fungus Amylomyces rouxii was investigated as a bio-processing strategy to enhance the bioactive properties of broken rice. Fermentation was carried out for 18 days and samples were withdrawn at 2-days interval. Established methods were deployed to assess the changes in bioactive properties and compounds content in fermented broken rice. The bioactive properties studied were total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH-radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Additionally, tyrosinase inhibition activity, which represents anti-pigmentation/browning property, was evaluated. Free phenolic acids and organic acids content were determined through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that fermentation significantly increased the total phenolic content of broken rice from 0.03 mg GAE/g sample to 3.94 mg GAE/g sample and total flavonoid content from 0.04 to 1.71 mg QE/g sample. By the end of the fermentation, DPPH-radical scavenging of fermented broken rice was enhanced to 94.22%, compared to 9.03% in the unfermented sample. It was also observed that FRAP and tyrosinase inhibition activity of fermented broken rice were improved up to 39- fold and 50-fold, respectively. Kojic acid, a potent antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor, was detected in fermented broken rice, along with oxalic and ascorbic acid. Gallic, protocatechuic and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids were enhanced upon fermentation. This study manifested the positive effect of broken rice after fermentation with A. rouxii and thus revealed the potential of fermented broken rice as a promising natural bio-ingredients in food, cosmetics and medicinal products.

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In vitro Antioxidant Study and Determination of Flavonoids, Flavonols, Total Phenolic and Proanthocyanidins Content of Grewia abutilifolia Leaf Extracts

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2018-0102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3-4) ◽

pp. 140-147

Author(s):

R. Salam ◽

R. Rafe

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Hydroxyl Radical ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

Grewia abutilifolia (Tiliaceae) tree is known for its uses in traditional medicine due to its various degrees of ethno-pharmacological activities. In this study, Grewia abutilifolia was evaluated for its in vitro antioxidant activities; further, flavonoids, flavonols, total phenolic content and proanthocyanidins content were determined to justify its uses against various oxidative stresses.We evaluated antioxidant activity by determining total antioxidant, Fe3+ reducing power, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and hydroxyl radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. Aqueous fraction (AQF) contained highest total phenolic content (238.56 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g). Crude methanolic extract (CHE) contained maximum flavonoid (211.54 mg) and flavonols (380.25 mg) content equivalent to quercetin which showed significant reducing activity. Proanthocyanidins content was highest in petroleum ether fraction (PEF), 45.89 mg of catechin equivalent per gram. PEF showed maximum activity in DPPH scavenging assay (IC50 = 3.82 ± 0.055 μg/ml) and in hydroxyl radical scavenging assay (IC50, concentration required to inhibit the process by half, of 6.45 ± 1.297 μg/ml). Lipid peroxidation inhibition activity was also performed in the test chloroform fraction (CLF), which showed the highest inhibition (IC50 = 15.62 ± 1.31 μg/ml). These results suggested its potentiality against various diseases related to oxidative stress.

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Microwave-assisted extraction optimization of Sabah snake grass (Clinacanthus nutans Lindau) herbal infusion and evaluation of antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity in vitro

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.4(5).353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 1710-1718 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N.S.M. Shafie ◽

M.S. Latif ◽

M.I. Ghazali ◽

S. Abbas ◽

F. Kormin

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Content ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Flavonoid Content ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Time Duration ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Clinacanthus Nutans

Clinacanthus nutans is a great medicinal herb with high polyphenols content and had been used in its infusion form to treat illness. In this paper, microwave-assisted extraction of C. nutans tea infusion was investigated by using central composite design combined with response surface methodology. The influence factors of microwave power (80 - 800 W); brewing time duration (0 – 240 s) and extraction time duration (60 s – 300 s) on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity (DPPH) and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity (AChE) were investigated. The optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows: microwave power X1, 560 W; brewing duration, X2, 60 s and extraction time, X3, 240 s. Under this optimal extraction conditions, the responses were as followed: Total phenolic content (251.58±10.98 mg GAE/L); Total flavonoid content (102.21±5.16 mg RE/L); DPPH (62.22±0.03%) and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity (AChE) of 24.77±0.12%. Results demonstrated that MAE could be used to extract bioactive constituents having antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase properties that may benefit in Alzheimer’s disease.

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Quinoa Beverages: Formulation, Processing and Potential Health Benefits

Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases ◽

10.1515/rjdnmd-2016-0026 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 215-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Intelli Kaur ◽

Beenu Tanwar

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Ace Inhibition ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Poor Correlation ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Potential Health ◽

Phenolic Constituents

AbstractBackground and Aims: Research on innovative foods and beverages that serve well to the nutritional needs of individuals suffering from metabolic disorders like obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia is an urgent need for today. This study aims to describe a method for preparing gluten free quinoa beverages and to investigate their effects on human health.Material and methods: Quinoa beverages were prepared from raw, soaked, germinated and malted quinoa seeds. We investigated their antioxidant activity, antidiabetic and antihypertensive potential using in vitro models.Results: Among all beverages, malted quinoa beverage (MQB) showed higher protein content (2.9 g/100ml), total phenolic content (2.9 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/g), antioxidant activity (92%) which was well correlated with higher antidiabetic potential (40% at 150μL) by α-glucosidase inhibition. Very low α-amylase inhibition was exhibited by all the beverages (0.4-1.5 %). ACE inhibitory activity was almost negligible for raw quinoa beverage (RQB), soaked quinoa beverage (SQB), minor for germinated quinoa beverage (GQB) (0.2% at 300μL) and higher for MQB (0.9% at 300μL). Total phenolic content was found to be well correlated with DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition activity in all beverages but poor correlation was found in case of ACE inhibition activity. Among all, GQB was highly acceptable with acceptability magnitude at par with commonly available commercial soya milk.Conclusion: We conclude that quinoa beverages, especially MQB, have antidiabetic and antihypertensive potential, and hence, can be effectively included among diet choices for the management of diabetes and hypertension. In the future, further studies are required in order to characterize phenolic constituents in quinoa beverages responsible for the antidiabetic and antihypertensive potential.

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Perbandingan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol dan Heksana dari Daun Gedi Merah (Abelmoschus manihot)

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.4.1.2015.6894 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juan A. W. Prawira

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Lipid Oxidation ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Oxidation Process ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Leaf Powder

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan perbandingan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol dan heksana daun gedi merah dalam menghambat proses oksidasi lipida. Penelitian dimulai dengan mengekstraksi serbuk daun gedi merah yang sudah dikeringanginkan menggunakan cara maserasi selama 48 jam dengan pelarut etanol 75% dan pelarut heksana, selanjutnya ditentukan kandungan total fenolik serta aktivitas penghambatan oksidasi. Aktivitas penghambatan oksidasi diukur berdasarkan analisis kadar peroksida dan malondialdehida (MDA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol memiliki kandungan total fenolik sebesar 28,68 mg/kg dan ekstrak n-heksana sebesar 2,86 mg/kg. Kemampuan penghambatan peroksida maupun MDA oleh ekstrak etanol lebih tinggi daripada ekstrak n-heksana.The purpose of this research is to compare the antioxidant activity of ethanol and hexane extract of leaves of red gedi in inhibiting lipid oxidation process. The research begins by extracting the red gedi leaf powder that has been dried using maceration for 48 hours with 75% ethanol and hexane solvent, then determined the total phenolic content and oxidation inhibition activity. Oxidation inhibition activity was measured by analysis of the levels of peroxide and malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that the ethanol extract has a total phenolic content of 28.68 mg/kg and n-hexane extract at 2.86 mg/kg. The ability MDA and peroxide inhibition by ethanol extract higher than n-hexane extract.

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Effect of Postharvest LED Application on Phenolic and Antioxidant Components of Blueberry Leaves

ChemEngineering ◽

10.3390/chemengineering2040056 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Winny Routray ◽

Valerie Orsat ◽

Mark Lefsrud

Keyword(s):

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Microwave Extraction ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging ◽

Blueberry Leaves

Light from red (661 nm) and blue (417 nm) LEDs were applied for 12, 24, and 48 h on freshly harvested blueberry leaves of different cultivars mixed together. The extracts obtained through microwave extraction of these leaves were analysed in terms of total phenolic content, total monomeric anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity as measured by % scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). It was observed that although the content of total phenolic content was high in the untreated leaves, there was an increase in the phenolic content and monomeric anthocyanin content of the leaves treated with blue light. DPPH inhibition activity and FRAP for all the samples were high; however, there was an increase in the FRAP of samples treated with light for different durations, which varied with type of light and the time of application of the LED light.

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Optimization of Process Variables for Retention of Functional Properties of Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia L.) and its Shelf-Life Extension

Current Agriculture Research Journal ◽

10.12944/carj.7.1.10 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 74-89

Author(s):

Sheetal Devi ◽

Dipendra Kumar Mahato ◽

Sarvesh Singh ◽

Surendra Prasad Singh

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Wash Water ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Soaking Time ◽

Fresh Cut

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and soaking time on vitamin C, carotenoid, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content for optimizing the pre-treatment for minimal processing of bitter melon slices and to evaluate its shelf life at different storage conditions. Fresh-cut bitter melon slices were given post-cutting treatment of wash solution containing NaClO(25-500ppm) and H2O2 (1-5%) solution for different time intervals (10-120 minutes). The treated samples were analyzed for Vitamin C content, carotenoid, DPPH inhibition activity, ABTS inhibition activity and total phenolic content (TPC) using Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The optimum condition for soaking achieved by CCRD was NaClO (25 ppm), H2O2 (1%) and soaking time (56.32 min). The minimally processed bitter melon at optimized wash water treatment was packed in LDPE pouch of 0.1 mm thickness and were evaluated for shelf-life under modified atmospheric packaging, MAP 1 (5% O2, 25% CO2 & 70% N2) and MAP 2(10% O2, 20% CO2 & 70% N2) stored at temperature of 5, 20 and 35°C, respectively. Based on the microbiological, colour and textural analysis, MAP 1 was found to be better compared to MAP 2 and the shelf-life of fresh-cut bitter melon slices was prolonged up to twenty-eight days of storage.

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Nutrient Content, Phytonutrient Composition, Alpha Amylase, Alpha Glucosidase Inhibition Activity and Antioxidant Activity of the Stoechospermum Marginatum Collected in Pre Monsoon Season

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v5i3.275-280.966 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 275

Author(s):

Reka Palanivel ◽

Thahira Banu Azeez ◽

Seethalakshmi Muthaya

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Brown Algae ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Alpha Glucosidase

The objective of this study was to investigate the nutrient content, phytonutrient composition, physicochemical properties, alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibition activity and antioxidant activity of the brown algae Stoechospermum marginatum collected from Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India in pre monsoon season (June- September, 2015). Six and eight hours of ethanol and aqueous extract of Stoechospermum marginatum were used for phytonutrient screening, alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase inhibition activity and antioxidant activity. From the results of the study it is understood that Stoechospermum marginatum contain a high amount of carbohydrate, protein, crude fiber and phytonutrients like tannin, flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, terpenoids, steroid and total phenolic content. The physicochemical properties namely Water absorption and Swelling power were very promising. Alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibition activity was recorded to be high in both aqueous and ethanol extracts of eight hour extraction than in extracts taken from six hours extraction. Antioxidant activity was detected using DPPH, FRAP, beta carotene scavenging and H2O2 assay and found to have a high radical scavenging activity. Stoechospermum marginatum possess a valuable amount of total phenolic content and other phytonutrients and physicochemical properties, it may the reason for the potential inhibition of alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase and antioxidant activity. It is concluded from the study that the brown algae may be incorporated into foods to enhance their nutritional and therapeutic value.

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