scholarly journals An Experimental Study for Optimal Usage of Powdered Glass in Concrete as a Cement Replacement Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 1197 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
Mohammed Khadeer ◽  
Umesh K Singh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Fine Glass ◽  
Powdered Glass ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

Abstract The adverse effect of greenhouse emissions like CO2 leads to global warming. As per statistics, the global contribution of the cement manufacturing industry to greenhouse gas emissions is nearly 7%. To address these effects on the nature of the environment associated with cement manufacturing, it is necessary to explore sustainable binders for manufacturing concrete. Hence, extensive research is being conducted in the recent past to replace cement with various materials including waste generated from various sectors. Further, the replacement of fine aggregates and cement in concrete with various proportions of powdered glass is an engrossing topic among researchers for over a decade. The present study aims to the optimal use of glass powder in concrete as a replacement for cement and to enhance the characteristics compressive strength when compared to conventional concrete. Cement was replaced by various percentages of fine glass powder ranging from 10-50 % at an increment of 10%. The concrete cube specimens for 7 and 28 days were evaluated for their compressive strength after curing period, with that of conventional concrete. From the acquired results, it is perceptible that glass powder can be a suitable replacement for cement.

The Glass Powders’ Dispersion Effect on the Glass-Reinforced Concrete Performance Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 1011 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Bessmertniy ◽  
Oleg Puchka ◽  
Marina Bondarenko ◽  
Vladimir Gorety
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Dispersion Effect ◽  
Isothermal Heating ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Powder Dispersion ◽  
Fine Glass

The influence of the glass powder dispersion and its amount on the operational properties of glass-reinforced concrete is investigated. Box and plate glasses, which were crushed and ground in a ball mill, were used as the starting material. Portland cement manufactured by Serebryakovcement, a brand of CEM IIA 42.5N, was used as a binder. The developed technology for the glass-reinforced concrete manufacturing provided at the final stage for a joint grinding of Portland cement and glass powder. At the same time, the specific surface area of ​​Portland cement increased from 3200 to 6500 cm2/g. The optimum amount of fine glass powder in glass-reinforced concrete is established. It is shown that at the content of 30 wt.% glass powder with a dispersion of 5872 cm2/g the glass-reinforced concrete density is 1915 kg/m3 and the compressive strength is 45.09 MPa. When superplasticizer is introduced into glass concrete, a synergistic effect is observed, as a result of which the compressive strength increases to 50.88 MPa. Using the synchronous thermal analysis, the effect of finely dispersed glass powder on phase transformations in glass-reinforced concrete under non-isothermal heating conditions was studied. It was shown that the processes of ettringite dehydration in glass-reinforced concrete are shifted to the region of high temperatures, and the processes of calcium hydro silicates dehydration and calcite destruction are shifted to lower temperatures.

Seashells and Oyster Shells: Biobased Fine Aggregates in Concrete Mixtures

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Scuderi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Mixing Water

The construction industry is the largest global consumer of materials, among which sand plays a fundamental role; now the second most used natural resource behind water, sand is the primary component in concrete. However, natural sand production is a slow process and sand is now consumed at a faster pace than it’s replenished. One way to reduce consumption of sand is to use alternative materials in the concrete industry. This paper reports the exploratory study on the suitability of aquaculture byproducts as fine aggregates in concrete mixtures. Seashell grit, seashell flour and oyster flour were used as sand replacements in concrete mixtures (10%, 30% and 50% substitution rates). All the mixtures were characterized in fresh and hardened states (workability, air content, compressive strength and water absorption). Based on compressive strength, measured at 7 and 28 days, seashell grit provided the most promising results: the compressive strength was found to be larger than for conventional concrete. Moreover, the compressive strength of the cubes was larger, when larger percentages of seashell grit were used, with the highest value obtained for 50% substitution. However, for oyster flour and seashell flour, only 10% sand substitution provided results comparable with the control mixture. For the three aggregates, workability of concrete decreases with fineness modulus decrease. For mixtures in which shell and oyster flour were used with 30% and 50% substitution percentages, it was necessary to increase the quantity of mixing water to allow a minimal workability. In conclusion, considering the promising results of the seashell grit, it is suggested to study further the characteristic of the material, also considering its environmental and physical properties, including acoustic and thermal performances. Higher substitution percentages should also be investigated. This research adds to the relevant literature in matter of biobased concrete, aiming at finding new biobased sustainable alternatives in the concrete industry.

scholarly journals Performance of Dredged Sediment as a Replacement for Fine Aggregates in Concrete Mixture: Case Study at Sungai Pekan, Pahang

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Norpadzlihatun Manap ◽  
Gomathi Govindasamy ◽  
Sulzakimin Mohamed ◽  
Narimah Kasim ◽  
Sharifah Meryam Shareh Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Dredged Sediment ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Dredged Sediments ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Average Compressive Strength

Dredging is essential to maintain suitable depth for shipping by removing dredged sediments from sea and river banks. It is also an important process to supply construction material. In Pahang, increasing flood cases is occurring due to increased sea and river bed level. Thus, dredging is needed to be performed in this location. In addition, the rapid growth of the construction industry requires a sustainable approach. The reuse of dredged sediments as construction material could be a sustainable approach. Therefore, this research aims to study the engineering properties of dredged sediments and to compare the strength of concrete made from dredged sediments with conventional concrete. The samples for this research obtained from the location of this study at Sungai Pekan. Laboratory testing was performed to determine the engineering properties of dredged sediments and compressive strength of concrete produced from the dredged sediments. The highest average compressive strength of the concrete cube produced from Sample 1 is 9.2 N/mm² for seven days and 11.9 N/mm² for 28 days curing period. Comparatively, Sample 3 has the lowest average compressive strength that is 2.1 N/mm² for seven days and 2.7 N/mm² for 28 days curing period. The strength that is required to be achieved is 14 N/mm² for curing seven days and 20 N/mm² for curing period of 28 days. In conclusion, the concrete cubes made from dredged sediment taken at the sampling area are unable to produce concrete that satisfies the minimum strength for the C20 concrete mix. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is the minimal potential use of dredged sediments taken from the location of this study for the production of concrete in the construction industry.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using PVA Fiber and Glass Powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2707-2713
Author(s):  
Vrushabh K. Hulle
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Pva Fiber

Abstract: Concrete consisting of cement, water, fine and coarse aggregates are widely used in civil engineering constructions. Though making concrete is convenient and inexpensive, its brittle behavior upon tensile loading is one of its undesirable characteristics so that leads to the development of fiber reinforced concrete or engineered cementitious composites to improve this deficient. The Flexural strength of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) FRC (fiber reinforced concrete) can be 150-200% greater than for normal concrete. According to Structural designers the damage tolerance and inherent tight crack width control of PVA FRC is found to be impressive in recent full-scale structural applications. If proper volume fractions are used the compressive strength PVA FRC can be similar to that of conventional concrete. The aim of this research work is to study compressive and tensile strength of FRC consisting PVA fiber & glass powder and studying the effect of glass powder in it. This research also gives rough idea on crack resistance capacity of FRC. In this paper we studied and provided detailed review on properties of PVA FRC with glass powder and experimentally identified the best ECC mix by analyzing the compressive & the flexural strength at different ratios like 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% of PVA fiber of total dry mix weight and in each case 15% of fine aggregate was replaced by glass powder. By conducting the compressive strength test and flexural strength test the maximum result we get at 28 days is 28.38Mpa and 8.95Mpa respectively which is more durable as compared to conventional concrete by IS 516:1959. So by analysis of results it can be seen that 1% mix is found to be optimum in all aspects. Keywords: PVA FRC, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Fibre Reinforced Concrete, Glass Powder.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT USING SILICA FUME AND FINE AGGREGATE USING GLASS POWDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 285-293
Author(s):  
Rajesh ◽  
Kai. Kannan ◽  
Jeevanesan R.
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Test Result

Increase in population results in increase in usage of materials which cause much pollution to environmental surroundings if not disposed properly. Replacement of costlier building material by disposable waste material is one of best engineering practice in construction. In this paper replacement of cement using silica fume is done up to 20% and replacement of fine aggregate using glass powder is done up to 40% also silica fume  and glass powder are replaced by 15% and 20%.compressive strength for replaced materials and conventional concrete is studied for 7thday and 28th day. From test result it is concluded that glass powder and silica fume is better effective replaceable materials which is cost effective and eco-friendly.

scholarly journals Performance of Sand-Crushed Oyster Shells Blended Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Waste Management Perspective in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
O.A. Ubachukwu ◽  
F.O. Okafor ◽  
K.B. Nwokoukwu ◽  
K.P. Esochaghi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Indiscriminate Disposal ◽  
Concrete Matrix

Pollution of our environment with wastes and the associated harm to our ecosystem and health is of great concern globally. In addition, the unabated mining of sharp sand for concrete with environmental degradation arising therefrom is worrisome. In the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, enormous quantities of oyster shells are being littered along the streets, riverbanks and landfills, after eating the fleshy part as meat. As a means of managing the waste and conserving sand, this study examines the properties of concrete made, using crushed oyster shells (COS) as partial replacement of sand. Sand was partially replaced in concrete with COS at the rate of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. The concrete matrix was cast in a metal cube mold of 150mm3 and cured for 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. A total of 72 cubes were cast in three replicates for each replacement level and each curing period, using a standard mix of 1:2:4 and water-cement ratio of 0.5. The results reveal that the addition of COS reduces the slump of the fresh concrete from 27 mm at 0% to 20 mm at 25%. The addition of COS up to 25% reduced the density of the concrete by 4.05%. The compressive strength slightly reduced as the percentage replacement increased from 0 to 25%. The findings recommend replacement not exceeding 15% that has true slump of 23.5 mm, lighter density of 25.17 kg/m−3 and compressive strength of 26.2 Nmm−2 which are good for concrete works. When sand is partially replaced with COS in concrete, we can confront the environmental degradation arising from indiscriminate disposal of oyster shells, as well as the depletion of sand as non-renewable component of concrete.

Brick and Glass Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1562-1570
Author(s):  
Er. Tajamul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Brick Powder ◽  
Crushed Brick

Abstract: Glass is widely used in our lives through manufactured products such as sheet glass, bottles, glassware, and vacuum tubing. Glass is an ideal material for recycling. The use of recycled glass helps in energy saving. The recycled glass has significant contributions to the construction field for concrete production. The application of glass in architectural concrete still needs improvement. Many experiments were conducted to explore the use of waste glass as coarse and fine aggregates for both ASR (Alkali-Silica-Reaction) in concrete. The accumulation and management of construction and demolition waste, which increases along with the continuous spreading of urbanization and industrialization. Construction and demolition waste can be recycled and used as a raw material for new applications. Recycled brick aggregates recovered from demolished masonry structures can be utilized in the manufacture of new concrete mixtures. Hence, partial replacement of fine aggregate by the other compatible material like sintered fly ash, crushed rock dust, quarry dust, glass powder, recycled concrete dust, and others are being researched from the past two decades to conserve the ecological balance. additional plasticizers have been used for this project for improving their workability. In this project experimental studies on the concrete of M20 grade with partial replacement of fine aggregates by crushed brick powder (replacement by 5%, 10%, 15%,20%,30%) and crushed glass powder (replacement by 5%, 10%, 15%). The compressive strength of M20 grades of concrete at different days (3 days 7 days, 28 days) has been determined along with the measurements of workability in the slump test. The trial cubes were cast and tested at different stages. When fine aggregates are replaced by 30% crushed brick powder. The decrease in strength at the end of 28 days was found to be ranging from 22.2% and 9.81%. when fine aggregates are replaced by 20% crushed glass powder, decrease in the targeted strength at the end of 28 days was found to be ranging between 3.0%and 8.6%. The slump value was found to be decreasing in the case of crushed brick powder, while it was found increasing substantially in the case of glass of glass powder. A combination of both alternatives i.e., brick powder (20%) and glass powder (15%) were also studied and it was found that the compressive strength at the end of 28 days for M20 grade of concrete is 96.13%. Keywords: Glass powder, brick powder, workability, fine aggregate; ASR (Alkali-Silica Reaction); Compressive strength

EFFECT OF SLAG AND GLASS ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranshoo Solanki ◽  
Ryan Long ◽  
Xi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Substitution Level ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Steel Manufacturing ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Glass Sand ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
By Products

New innovative ways are being developed to recycle by-products and waste material in concrete that otherwise would end up in landfill. Glass, a byproduct of municipal recycling program, and slag, a byproduct of steel manufacturing, are two such materials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of partially substituting sand with glass powder and cement with slag on compressive strength and electrical resistivity of concrete. A total of 16 concrete mixtures including one control with different substitution level of sand with glass and cement with slag were designed and further tested for compressive strength. Portland cement was substituted with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% slag by weight. On the other hand, fine aggregates (or sand) was substituted with glass sand, with level of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% by weight. Additional selected mixes were prepared by substituting both cement (20%, 40%, 50%) and fine aggregates (20%, 40%, 60%) with slag and glass, respectively. Cement substitution with slag up to 40% was found to increase the compressive strength of concrete beyond which decrease in strength was noticed. Fine aggregate substitution with glass powder produced concrete weaker than the control specimens. Mixes prepared by substituting 40% cement with slag and 20% fine aggregates with glass powder produced highest strength among all the different combinations of slag and glass containing specimens.

Effect of Bacteria Subtilis on Concrete Substituted Partially and Fully with Copper Slag

2021 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
I. Rohini ◽  
R. Padmapriya
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
The Cost

Copper slag can be considered as waste product which could have a favorable future in construction industry as a substitution to fine aggregates in concrete. Concrete is a very brittle material and in due course of time it tends to crack .These cracks, expands and corrodes the steel reinforcement which intensify the cost of maintenance and decreases the structural stability over periods of time. To avoid crack formation in concrete microorganism can be directly added to concrete during the mixing stage which is called as bacteria impregnated concrete. Bio concrete makes use of calcium carbonate precipitation in the presence of the suitable media results in microbial induced calcite crystals. This work reports an experimental procedure to investigate the effect of using copper slag in concrete when it is remedied by microorganism. Five series of concrete mixtures were prepared with different proportions of copper slag ranging from 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% to fine aggregate. Copper slag concrete mixtures were treated with 1% and 2% microorganisms by the weight of cement. All Specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days before testing. Mechanical properties such as Compressive strength and Flexural Strength of Bacterial copper slag concrete were found and compared with the conventional concrete. The highest Compressive strength obtained was 45.6 Mpa at 75% substitution of copper slag with 2% microorganism and the corresponding strength for control mix was 26.8Mpa. The highest flexural strength obtained was 10.3Mpa and the corresponding strength for control mix was 4.5Mpa.It has been observed that 75% replacement of copper slag can be effectively used as a replacement for fine aggregate when it is treated by Microorganisms.

scholarly journals A Review on Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Waste Cathode Ray Tube Glass as Aggregates

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nurul Noraziemah Mohd Pauzi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Cathode Ray Tube ◽  
Recycling Techniques

The issue of the cathode ray tube (CRT) technology facing its end-of-time and increasing quantities across the globe has acquired the responsiveness of many researchers. The use of waste CRT glass as a construction material has fascinated them due to its significant advantage in recycling the hazardous and non-biodegradable waste CRT glass. However, lack of knowledge about the effects and features of CRT glass as a construction material could be a hindrance to the excessive utilization of waste CRT glass. Therefore, in order to establish the idea of using CRT waste glass as a more common construction material, this paper reviews several recycling techniques of CRT glass and further detail on the workability, density, and compressive strength properties of concrete and mortar using CRT glass (treated or untreated) as fine aggregates. The review showed that, generally, the use of CRT glass as a complete or partial replacement of natural sand shows a slight increase in density, workability, and concrete strength compared to conventional concrete. However, there are no clear trends that can be concluded as this review also showed that various factors influenced its performance, such as percentage replacement, particle size, lead (Pb) content, and types of admixtures.

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