scholarly journals The effect of volatile organic acids and CO2 on the corrosion rate of carbon steel from a Top-of-Line-Corrosion (TLC) perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 1201 (1) ◽  
pp. 012079
Author(s):  
S B Gjertsen ◽  
A Palencsar ◽  
M Seiersten ◽  
T H Hemmingsen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Corrosion Rates

Abstract Models for predicting top-of-line corrosion (TLC) rates on carbon steels are important tools for cost-effectively designing and operating natural gas transportation pipelines. The work presented in this paper is aimed to investigate how the corrosion rates on carbon steel is affected by acids typically present in the transported pipeline fluids. This investigation may contribute to the development of improved models. In a series of experiments, the corrosion rate differences for pure CO2 (carbonic acid) corrosion and pure organic acid corrosion (acetic acid and formic acid) on X65 carbon steel were investigated at starting pH values; 4.5, 5.3, or 6.3. The experiments were conducted in deaerated low-salinity aqueous solutions at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 65 °C. The corrosion rates were evaluated from linear polarization resistance data as well as mass loss and released iron concentration. A correlation between lower pH values and increased corrosion rates was found for the organic acid experiments. However, the pH was not the most critical factor for the rates of carbon steel corrosion in these experiments. The experimental results showed that the type of acid species involved and the concentration of the undissociated acid in the solution influenced the corrosion rates considerably.

Corrosion behaviors of steels under supercritical CO2 conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wei ◽  
Yucheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaolu Pang ◽  
Kewei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviors ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Corrosion Behaviors ◽  
Corrosion Scales

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) corrosion at low partial pressure has been widely recognized, but research on supercritical CO2 (SC CO2) corrosion is very limited. By far, investigations on steel corrosion under SC CO2 conditions have mainly focused on the corrosion rate, structure, morphology, and composition of the corrosion scales as well as the electrochemical behaviors. It was found in aqueous SC CO2 environment, that the corrosion rate of carbon steel was very high, and even stainless steels (13Cr and high-alloy CrNi steels) were subjected to some corrosion. Inhibitor could reduce the corrosion rate of carbon steels and stainless steels, but none of the tested inhibitors could reduce the corrosion rate of carbon steel to an acceptable value. Impurities such as O2, SO2, and NO2 and their mixtures in SC CO2 increased the corrosion rate of carbon steel. However, the existing studies so far were very limited on the corrosion mechanism of steels in SC CO2 conditions. Thus, this paper first reviews the finding on the corrosion behaviors of steels under SC CO2 conditions, points out the shortcomings in the present investigations and finally looks forward to the research prospects on SC CO2 corrosion.

Sulfurous Acid Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel at Ordinary Temperatures - I. Its Nature

CORROSION ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. McLEOD ◽  
R. R. ROGERS
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sulfurous Acid ◽  
Ordinary Temperature

Abstract Corrosion rate data are presented for low carbon steel in (1) a combination of sulfur dioxide, water vapor and air, and (2) aqueous solutions of sulfurous acid in the absence of air, at ordinary temperature. Information as to the nature of the corrosion products is presented and it is shown that this depends on the place in which the corrosion takes place to an important extent.

The Corrosion of Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel in Simulated Geothermal Media

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
BG Pound ◽  
MH Abdurrahman ◽  
MP Glucina ◽  
GA Wright ◽  
RM Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Polarization Resistance ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Passive Films ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Good Agreement

The corrosion rates of low-carbon steel, and 304, 316 and 410/420 stainless steels in simulated geothermal media containing hydrogen sulfide have been measured by means of the polarization resistance technique. Good agreement was found between weight-loss and polarization resistance measurements of the corrosion rate for all the metals tested. Carbon steel formed a non-adherent film of mackinawite (Fe1 + xS). The lack of protection afforded to the steel by the film resulted in an approximately constant corrosion rate. The stainless steels also exhibited corrosion rates that were independent of time. However, the 410 and 420 alloys formed an adherent film consisting mainly of troilite ( FeS ) which provided only limited passivity. In contrast, the 304 and 316 alloys appeared to be essentially protected by a passive film which did not seem to involve an iron sulfide phase. However, all the stainless steels, particularly the 410 and 420 alloys, showed pitting, which indicated that some breakdown of the passive films occurred.

scholarly journals The Roles of H2S Gas in Behavior of Carbon Steel Corrosion in Oil and Gas Environment: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Panca Asmara
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
H2s Corrosion ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Oil And Gas Reservoir

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the most dangerous element which exists in oil and gas reservoir. H2S acidifies water which causes pitting corrosion to carbon steel pipelines. Corrosion reaction will increase fast when it combines with oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2). Thus, they can significantly reduce service life of transportation pipelines and processing facilities in oil and gas industries. Understanding corrosion mechanism of H2S is crucial to study since many severe deterioration of carbon steels pipelines found in oil and gas industries facilities. To investigate H2S corrosion accurately, it requires studying physical, electrical and chemical properties of the environment. This paper concentrates, especially, on carbon steel corrosion caused by H2S gas. How this gas reacts with carbon steel in oil and gas reservoir is also discussed. This paper also reviews the developments of corrosion prediction software of H2S corrosion. The corrosion mechanism of H2S combined with CO2 gas is also in focused. 

A Laboratory Corrosion Inhibition Study of Carbon Steel Using 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) under Post-combustion CO2 Capture Conditions

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3663 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
James Landon ◽  
Dali Qian ◽  
Kunlei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Inhibition ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Inhibition Study ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Organic Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Corrosion mitigation is an important aspect of amine-based post-combustion carbon dioxide (CO2) capture operations due to the desire to use less expensive but corrosion-vulnerable materials such as low carbon steels in the construction of a capture system. In this study, the corrosion behavior of A106 (grade B) carbon steel with an in-house proprietary amine-based solvent was investigated in a laboratory environment at 80 °C using an organic corrosion inhibitor, 2 Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). The corrosion inhibition mechanism was interpreted by electrochemical methods and surface analyses. The results revealed that the corrosion rates of carbon steel were significantly retarded using MBT. The critical inhibitor concentration was determined to be lie between 10 to 50 ppm under the tested conditions.

Estimation of Inhibitor Efficiency against Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbonic Acid Corrosion of Carbon Steel by Impedance Spectroscopy Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vigdorovich ◽  
Liudmila E. Tsygankova ◽  
Svetlana Siniutina ◽  
Vladimir Kichigin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Spectroscopy Method ◽  
Inhibitor Efficiency

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of Materials Al5083 Alloy, 316L Stainless Steel and A681 Carbon Steel in Seawater

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Gina Genoveva ISTRATE ◽  
Alina Crina MUREȘAN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Test Technique

In this paper the corrosion behavior of different materials has been evaluated based on exposure in seawater. The laboratory immersion test technique has been applied to evaluate the effect of seawater on the corrosion behavior of different materials. In three sets of experiments, carbon steels (A681 Type O7), austenitic stainless steels (316L) and aluminium alloys (Al5083) were utilized. The specimens were fixed fully submerged in seawater. The corrosion process was evaluated using weight loss method, open-circuit potential measurements (OCP) and polarization techniques. To determine gravimetric index and the rate of penetration, samples were immersed in corrosive environment for 89 days and weighed periodically. The electrochemical experiments were conducted with a Potentiostat/Galvanostat (PGP 201) analyzer. It was connected to a PC. The Voltamaster software was used for electrochemical data analysis. A three-electrode cell composed of a specimen as a working electrode, Pt as counter electrode, and saturated calomel electrode (SCE) (Hg (l)/ Hg2Cl2 (s)) as a reference electrode were used for the tests. The weight loss tests revealed the lowest corrosion rate values for stainless steel and aluminium alloys, indicating a beneficial use for these materials in marine environments. The potentiodynamic method shows that the lowest corrosion rate in seawater (2.8 μm /year) was obtained for the Al5083 alloy, and the highest value of the corrosion rate (41.67 μm/year) for A681 carbon steel.

scholarly journals The Influence of The Marine Bacillus Cereus Mc-1 Over Carbon Steel, Stainless Corrosion And Copper Coupons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Moreira-Filho ◽  
Paloma de Paula da Silva Figueiredo ◽  
Artur Capão ◽  
Luciano Procópio
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Control System ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

Abstract The present study evaluated the influence of the marine bacteria Bacillus cereus Mc-1 on the corrosion of 1020 carbon steel, 316L stainless steel, and copper alloy. The Mc-1 strain was grown in a modified ammoniacal citrate culture medium (CFA.ico-), CFA.ico- with sodium nitrate supplementation (NO3-), and CFA.ico- with sodium chloride supplementation (NaCl). The and mass loss and corrosion rate were evaluated after the periods of seven, 15, and 30 days. The results showed that in CFA.ico- and CFA.ico- medium added NO3- the corrosion rates of carbon steel and copper alloy were high when compared to the control. Whereas the medium was supplemented with NaCl, despite the rates being above the averages of the control system, they were considerably below the previous results. In general, the corrosion rates induced by Mc-1 on 316L coupons were below the results compared to carbon steel and copper alloy. When analyzing the corrosion rate measurements, regardless of the culture medium, the corrosion levels decreased consistently after 15 days, being below the levels evaluated after seven days of the experiment. Our analyzes suggest that B. cereus Mc-1 has different influences on corrosion in different metals and environmental conditions, such as the presence of NO3- and NaCl. These results can help to better understand the influence of this bacteria genus on the corrosion of metals in marine environments.

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