scholarly journals Calculation of Collectors for Social Housing in Different Climate Floors of Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032120
Author(s):  
Pablo Daniel Ramírez Reyes ◽  
Jorge Luis Arias Duy ◽  
Juan Carlos Cobos Torres

Abstract Ecuador has significant potential in the renewable energy industry, to which solar energy contributes. The current investigation proposes a method to determine the savings when using solar collectors. The analysis is made for social housing projects located in different climate environments around the country: dry tropical megathermic (coast), semi-humid equatorial mesothermic (mountains), rainy megathermic (amazon), equatorial highlands (equatorial highlands). The cases studied are located in: Pasaje, El Oro; Cuenca, Azuay; Huamboya, Morona Santiago; and Chordeleg, Azuay. The method used in this research is an evaluation of drinking water per user demand (litter/person/day) which can determine the annual energetic demand. Furthermore, from the geographic location, the average solar radiation, and useful hours of sunshine are obtained. Then, these are used to obtain the available net annual energy. Furthermore, a relationship between demand and available energy is obtained for the solar collectors that satisfy the demand for the different locations studied. Finally, an analysis of the cost of implementing this technology and the projected savings in comparison to using hydrocarbons to heat domestic hot water is presented.

Author(s):  
Наталья Михайловна Попова ◽  
Дмитрий Михайлович Чудинов ◽  
Ольга Анатольевна Сотникова ◽  
Наталья Александровна Петрикеева

Вопрос энергообеспечения зданий и сооружений на территориях с малоразвитой инженерной инфраструктурой и децентрализованными системами частично может быть решен применением солнечных систем теплоснабжения (или горячего водоснабжения). Подобные системы - надежные, безопасные, простые и малозатратные в эксплуатации, сокращают потребление традиционных энергоресурсов и эмиссию вредных выбросов в атмосферу. Возможность массового внедрения гелиоустановок в основном сдерживается стоимостными показателями, определяющими срок окупаемости. Ежегодный рост цен на традиционное органическое топливо, возможность изготовления солнечных коллекторов собственными силами и средствами может повысить их привлекательность. В работе произведена оценка рентабельности солнечной системы горячего водоснабжения гостиницы, расположенной в селе Бабяково Воронежской области для двух временных периодов (2005 г. и 2021 г.) с учетом повышения стоимости на электроэнергию, являющуюся основным традиционным энергоресурсом. Солнечные коллекторы гелиосистемы производятся собственными силами и средствами. Внедрение гелиоустановки для нужд горячего водоснабжения в традиционную систему теплоснабжения гостиницы позволит сократить потребление электроэнергии на 44 %. В работе показано, что повышение цены на электроэнергию за период с 2005 г. по 2021 г. не компенсировало рост стоимости материалов на изготовление солнечных коллекторов. При этом срок окупаемости для 2005 г. составлял 6,0 лет, для 2021 г. - равен 13,1 годам. Эффективная эксплуатация соответствует периоду 6,9 лет. Установка относительно российских и зарубежных производителей по затратам занимает среднее положение. При стоимости электроэнергии на уровне европейского рынка (2021 г.) срок окупаемости составляет 1,4 года. The issue of energy supply of buildings and structures in areas with poorly developed engineering infrastructure and decentralized systems can be partially solved by the use of solar heat supply systems (or hot water supply). Such systems (reliable, safe, simple and low-cost in operation) reduce the consumption of traditional energy resources and the emission of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. The possibility of mass implementation of solar plants was largely constrained by cost indicators that determined the payback period. The annual rise in prices for traditional organic fuels, the ability to manufacture solar collectors with their own strength and means can increase their attractiveness. The work assessed the profitability of the solar hot water supply system of a hotel, located in the village of Babyakovo, Voronezh Region, for two time periods (2005 and 2021), taking into account the increase in the cost of electricity, which is the main traditional energy source. The solar collectors were produced in-house. The introduction of a solar plant for the needs of hot water supply in the traditional heating system of the hotel can reduce electric energy consumption by 44 %. The paper shows that the increase in the price of electricity for the period from 2005 to 2021 did not compensate for the increase in the cost of materials for the manufacture of solar collectors. At the same time, the payback period for 2005 was 6,0 years, for 2021 was equal to 13,1 years. Efficient operation of the plants covers a period of 6,9 years. The installation of Russian and foreign manufacturers in terms of costs occupies an average position. With the cost of electricity at the level of the European market (2021) the payback period is 1,4 years.


Author(s):  
N. Kachmar ◽  
T. Datsko ◽  
M. Ivankiv ◽  
A. Dydiv

The article presents the results of research on environmental, energy and economic efficiency of the use of alternative energy sources to provide heat to buildings located on the territory of nature reserves. Spending of time on the territory of the nature reserve fund gives the chance of various kinds of rest: use of bicycle routes, ecological paths, the organized places of recreation, etc. Therefore, in specially designated areas complexes are built for vacationers. They provide them with a comfortable stay and the opportunity to get the most out of the chosen type of recreation. Electricity networks are most often used to provide buildings with electric power on the territory of nature reserve facilities. However, this has a significant negative impact on the environment. Many of these facilities are located at a great distance from the settlements, that increases the cost of electrification and gasification. Such facilities require large investments in hot water and heat. Therefore, alternative energy sources are suitable for such cases. The main advantage of using solar panels and heat pump is their environmental friendliness and long period of operation without major repairs. It is established that for the installation of vertical probes it is enough to use four branches 106 m long. For this combined system it is necessary to install six solar collectors, which will provide monthly heat production in the amount of 514.03 MJ. The use of solar collectors and a heat pump to provide heat to the visitor center will reduce the annual operating costs by 4.63 times compared to the costs required for the operation of a system that would operate on the basis of a gas boiler. The use of a combined heat supply system will make it possible to abandon the use of 7156.3 kg of conventional fuel and as a result will reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the amount of 7871.9 kg. Our country is interested in the use of renewable energy sources by reducing the cost of traditional energy sources, the overall reduction of greenhouse gas emissions during combustion. The state receives direct income from the sale of quotas for harmful emissions.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Mochamad Tamim Ma’ruf

One-solving methods and techniques necessary to avoid inefficiencies and not economic costs as well as reduce the cost of housing construction is the method of Value Engineering. Value engineering is a method and cost control techniques to analyze a function to its value at the lowest cost alternative (most economical) without reducing the quality desired.At the writing of this study used a comparison method by comparing the initial design to the design proposal of the author. In the housing projects Upgrading Tirto Penataran Asri type 70, the application of Value Engineering conducted on the job a couple walls and roofs pair by replacing some work items with a more economical alternative but does not change the original function and high aesthetic level and still qualify safe. For that performed the step of determining a work item, the alternative stage, the analysis stage, and the stage of recommendations to get a Value Engineering application and cost savings against the wall a couple of work items and partner roof.The proposed design as compared to the initial design. Work items discussed was the work of a couple wall having analyzed obtained savings of Rp. 2,747,643.56 and the work of the roof pair obtained savings of Rp. 2,363,446.80. Thus the total overall savings gained is Rp 5,111,090.36 or savings of 0048%.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1423
Author(s):  
José Manuel Salmerón Lissen ◽  
Cristina Isabel Jareño Escudero ◽  
Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽  
Miriam Navarro Escudero ◽  
Theoni Karlessi ◽  
...  

The 2030 climate and energy framework includes EU-wide targets and policy objectives for the period 2021–2030 of (1) at least 55% cuts in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels); (2) at least 32% share for renewable energy; and (3) at least 32.5% improvement in energy efficiency. In this context, the methodology of the cost-optimal level from the life-cycle cost approach has been applied to calculate the cost of renovating the existing building stock in Europe. The aim of this research is to analyze a pilot building using the cost-optimal methodology to determine the renovation measures that lead to the lowest life-cycle cost during the estimated economic life of the building. The case under study is an apartment building located in a mild Mediterranean climate (Castellon, SP). A package of 12 optimal solutions has been obtained to show the importance of the choice of the elements and systems for renovating building envelopes and how energy and economic aspects influence this choice. Simulations have shown that these packages of optimal solutions (different configurations for the building envelope, thermal bridges, airtightness and ventilation, and domestic hot water production systems) can provide savings in the primary energy consumption of up to 60%.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Amaya Martínez-Gracia ◽  
Sergio Usón ◽  
Mª Teresa Pintanel ◽  
Javier Uche ◽  
Ángel A. Bayod-Rújula ◽  
...  

A real case study of an energy system based on a Solar Assisted Heat Pump (SAHP) fed by hybrid photovoltaic-thermal solar panels (PVT) and seasonal storage (SS) is presented in this paper. Exergy and exergy cost analyses are proposed as complementary methods for the assessment and better understanding of the efficiency of this cogeneration solar configuration. The system performance takes advantage of storage heat in summer, when the solar resource is high in Spain, and is then later consumed during the cold winter (heating season). The building is devoted to social housing, and it is currently under construction. The assessment is based on simulations developed using TRNSYS, a dynamic simulation software for energy systems. Results show that the unit exergy cost of the solar field is around 6. The cost of the seasonal storage is higher, about 13, and its formation is affected both by its own irreversibility and by the irreversibility of the PVT solar field. The cost of the heat delivered by the heat pump is around 15, being affected by all the upstream units and even by the grid. Besides, the analysis points out strategies for improving the system efficiency, such as increasing the size of the storage tank or improving the control strategy of the boiler.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Mark David Major

Pruitt-Igoe, in St Louis, Missouri, United States, was one of the most notorious social housing projects of the twentieth century. Charles Jencks argued opening his book The Language of Post-Modern Architecture, ‘Modern Architecture died in St Louis, Missouri on July 15, 1972 at 3.32 pm (or thereabouts) when the infamous Pruitt-Igoe scheme, or rather several of its slab blocks, were given the final coup de grâce by dynamite.’ However, the magazine Architectural Forum had heralded the project as ‘the best high apartment’ of the year in 1951. Indeed, one of its first residents in 1957 described Pruitt-Igoe as ‘like an oasis in a desert, all of this newness’. But a later resident derided the housing project as ‘Hell on Earth’ in 1967. Only eighteen years after opening, the St Louis Public Housing Authority (PHA) began demolishing Pruitt-Igoe in 1972 [1]. It remains commonly cited for the failures of modernist design and planning.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
YINLIN TSAI ◽  
Johnny Tung

Concerns about global warming and climate change are generating interest in renewable energy measures with the purpose to minimize environmental impact. Promoting renewable energy production becomes indispensable since its represent a tiny fraction of energy consumed. The purpose of this study is to identify the performance determinants are divided in country specific advantages and firm specific advantages. Companies were selected from Bloomberg and filtered due to its information ava ilability from COMPUSTAT to construct a Panel Data structure. The results proved that both country level (shares of renewable and energy consumption) and firm level (market capitalization, employee growth rate and capital intensity) determinants were signi ficant in the renewable energy industry. Through the analysis, it’s possible to realize that return on assets it’s a performance measure with long term results, but unlike it, gross profit margin is variable that demonstrate short term results. We conclude that renewable energy industry has a great potential due to its results performed.


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