scholarly journals Separating xylose from glucose using spiral wound nanofiltration membrane: Effect of cross-flow parameters on sugar rejection

2016 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035 ◽  
Author(s):  
N F M Roli ◽  
H W Yussof ◽  
M N A Seman ◽  
S M Saufi ◽  
A W Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Membrane Effect ◽  
Spiral Wound

SEPARATION OF XYLOSE FROM GLUCOSE USING PILOT SCALE SPIRAL WOUND COMMERCIAL MEMBRANE

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Fatihah M. Roli ◽  
Hafizuddin W. Yussof ◽  
Syed M. Saufi ◽  
Mazrul N. Abu Seman ◽  
Abdul W. Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Ultrapure Water ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Spiral Wound

Xylose is an intermediate product in xylitol production and glucose interferes in the process of separation. Thus the aim of this study is to investigate the performance of pilot scale commercial spiral wound NF membrane namely Desal-5 DK, Desal-5 DL and NF90 for separation of xylose from glucose. Separation of xylose and glucose model solutions was done in a pilot scale cross-flow system, using a commercial nanofiltration (NF) membrane with molecular weight cut off (MWCO) ranging from 150 to 1000 g/mol. The model solution consists of 1:1 ratio of xylose to glucose at 10 g/L each diluted in ultrapure water. The filtration was operated in total recycled mode at 10 bar. The sugar concentration was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). From this study, the pure water permeability (PWPs) of the Desal-5 DK membrane was considerably higher at 6.78 ± 0.06 than PWPs of the Desal-5 DL and NF90 membranes at 1.28 ± 0.24 and 1.33 ± 0.05, respectively. The Desal-5 DK also gave the higher xylose separation factor at 1.17 as compare to Desal-5 DL (0.81) and NF90 membranes (0.84). This indicates that membrane Desal-5 DK was the most selective membrane to separate xylose form glucose. Overall, it can be concluded that the spiral wound nanofiltration membrane offers cost-effective and easy-maintenance, which has a potential in xylose-glucose separation.

scholarly journals Flux enhancement by air dispersion in cross-flow microfiltration of a colloidal system through spiral wound module

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-469
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Flux Enhancement ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Air Dispersion ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Layer Resistance ◽  
Spiral Wound

Enhancement of the permeate flux due to reduction of cake layer resistance by air-liquid twophase flow in a cross flow spiral wound microfiltration membrane has been investigated. Experiments were carried out with two different suspension systems, namely baker’s yeast suspension with a dry mass concentration of 5.4 kg m-3 and the colloidal suspension of starch and bacteria having a dry mass concentration of 3.41 kg m-3. An air-liquid two-phase flow was generated by injecting the air at the inlet of the membrane module and was fed into a horizontally mounted assembly of a spiral wound microfiltration membrane. The effect of air dispersion was studied on flux enhancement, specific cake layer resistance and loading of cake mass on the membrane surface. This study shows that by air dispersion, the permeate flux can be enhanced up to 60 percent for the colloidal suspension of starch and bacteria while a flux enhancement of 40 percent was achieved for yeast suspension. The specific cake layer resistance reduced by a factor of 10 for both of the suspensions when air was injected into the feed stream. The results of this study depict that the technique of air dispersion is effective in increasing the permeate flux for the suspension systems containing below and above micron sized particulates.

Comparative Study on the Treatment of Biologically Treated Textile Effluent by Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis for Water Reuse

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 584-588
Author(s):  
San Chuan Yu ◽  
Zhi Wen Chen ◽  
Mei Hong Liu ◽  
Jing Wei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Salinity Reduction ◽  
Ro Membrane

In view of the water shortage, the increasingly severe regulations as well as the release thresholds, it is becoming increasingly necessary to reuse the textile effluents. This work concerned the treatment of textile plant effluent after conventional biological processing by membrane technology for water reuse. Desal5 DK nanofiltration (NF) membrane and BW30 reverse osmosis (RO) membrane were investigated in this study in terms of COD and color removal, salinity reduction as well as permeate flux through cross-flow permeation tests. The results showed that the Desal5 DK nanofiltration membrane exhibited higher stabilized water permeability and flux decline than the reverse osmosis membrane because of its higher porosity and tendency towards fouling. The BW30 reverse osmosis membrane reduced salinity to a great extent than the Desal5 DK nanofiltration membrane. While the nanofiltration membrane exhibited better COD removal efficiency compared to the RO membrane, possibly due to its sieving removal mechanism. The treated water with good enough quality could be recycled back into the process, thereby offering economical benefits by reducing the water consumption and wastewater treatment cost.

A Parametric Study of the Resonance Mechanism of Two Tandem Cylinders in Cross-Flow

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mohany ◽  
S. Ziada
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Acoustic Mode ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Resonance Mechanism ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Tandem Cylinders ◽  
Spacing Ratio

A parametric study has been performed to investigate the effect of cylinder diameter on the acoustic resonance mechanism of two tandem cylinders exposed to cross-flow in a duct. Three spacing ratios corresponding to different flow regimes inside the “proximity interference” region are considered, L∕D=1.5, 1.75, and 2.5, where L is the spacing between the cylinders and D is the diameter. For each spacing ratio, six cylinder diameters in the range of D=7.6–27.5mm have been tested. For small diameter cylinders, the acoustic resonance mechanism of the tandem cylinders seems to be similar to that observed for single cylinders; i.e., it occurs near frequency coincidence as the vortex shedding frequency approaches that of an acoustic resonance mode. However, for larger diameter cylinders, the resonance of a given acoustic mode occurs over two different ranges of flow velocity. The first resonance range, the precoincidence resonance, occurs at flow velocities much lower than that of frequency coincidence. The second resonance range, the coincidence resonance, is similar to that observed for single and small diameter tandem cylinders. Interestingly, the observed precoincidence resonance phenomenon is similar to the acoustic resonance mechanism of in-line tube bundles. It is shown that increasing the diameter of the tandem cylinders affects several flow parameters such that the system becomes more susceptible to the precoincidence resonance phenomenon. The occurrence and the intensity of the precoincidence resonance are therefore strongly dependent on the diameter of the cylinders.

Graphene-based Ultrafast Nanofiltration Membrane under Cross-Flow Operation: Effect of High-Flux and Filtered Solute on Membrane Performance

Carbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Adrian Ruiz-Torres ◽  
Junhyeok Kang ◽  
Kyoung Min Kang ◽  
Kyeong Min Cho ◽  
Yoon Tae Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Membrane Performance

Combined Effect of Slot Injection, Effusion Array and Dilution Hole on the Heat Transfer Coefficient of a Real Combustor Liner: Part 1—Experimental Analysis

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Facchini ◽  
Francesco Maiuolo ◽  
Lorenzo Tarchi ◽  
Daniele Coutandin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Blowing Ratio ◽  
Engine Cooling ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Element Approach

An experimental analysis of a real engine cooling scheme was performed on a test article replicating a slot injection and an effusion array with a central large dilution hole. Test section consists of a rectangular cross-section duct with a flat plate comprised of 270 holes arranged in 29 staggered rows (D = 1.65mm, Sx/D = 7.6, Sy/D = 6, L/D = 5.5, α = 30deg) and a dilution hole (D = 18.75mm) located at the 14th row. Both effusion and dilution holes are fed by a channel replicating combustor annulus, that allows to control cold gas side cross-flow parameters, especially in terms of Reynolds number of both annulus and effusion holes. Upstream the first row, a 6mm high slot, ensure the protection of the very first region of the liner. Final aim was the measurement of both heat transfer coefficient and Net Heat Flux Reduction of the cooling scheme, by means of a steady-state Thermochromic Liquid Crystals (TLC) technique with a thin Inconel heating foil. A data reduction procedure based on a Finite Element approach has been developed to take into account the non uniform heat generation and conduction due to the large amount of holes. Experiments were carried out considering the combined effects of slot, effusion and dilution holes. Three different effusion blowing ratios (BR = 3–5–7) are investigated, keeping constant the slot flow parameters (BR = 1.3). Results highlight a large influence of effusion blowing ratio on heat transfer coefficient. A steep increase was found in the first rows, while the large dilution hole does not influences significantly the heat transfer behaviour in the downstream area.

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