“keepin’ It REAL”: A Case History of a Drug Prevention Intervention

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Hecht ◽  
Michelle Miller-Day
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Case History ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Prevention Intervention ◽  
History Of

Adolescent substance use and abuse has long been the target of public health prevention messages. These messages have adopted a variety of communication strategies, including fear appeals, information campaigns, and social marketing/branding strategies. A case history of keepin’ it REAL, a narrative-based substance abuse prevention intervention that exemplifies a translational research approach, involves theory development testing, formative and evaluation research, dissemination, and assessment of how the intervention is being used in the field by practitioners. The project, which started as an attempt to test the notion that the performance of personal narratives was an effective intervention strategy, has since produced two theories, an approach to implementation science that focused on communication processes, and, of course, a school-based curriculum that is now the most widely disseminated drug prevention program in the world. At the core of the keepin’ it REAL program are the narratives that tell the story of how young people manage their health successfully through core skills or competencies, such as decision-making, risk assessment, communication, and relationship skills. Narrative forms not only the content of curriculum (e.g., what is taught) but also the pedagogy (e.g., how it is taught). This has enabled the developers to step inside the social worlds of youth from early childhood through young adulthood to describe how young people manage problematic health situations, such as drug offers. This knowledge was motivated by the need to create curricula that recount stories rather than preaching or scaring, that re-story health decisions and behaviors by providing skills that enable people to live healthy, safe, and responsible lives. Spin-offs from the main study have led to investigations of other problematic health situations, such as vaccination decisions and sexual pressure, in order to address crucial public health issues, such as cancer prevention and sex education, through community partnerships with organizations like D.A.R.E. America, 4-H clubs, and Planned Parenthood.

scholarly journals Prevalensi dan Determinan Kelebihan Berat Badan dan Kegemukan pada Anak Berusia 5-15 Tahun

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obesity In Children

Kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan, suatu keadaan lemak tubuh yang berlebihan, merupakan masalah kesehatan di negara-negara maju dan negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengetahui prevalensi dan determinan kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan anak usia 5-15 tahun menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2007. Ditemukan bahwa prevalensi kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan pada anak berusia usia 5-15 tahun masing-masing 7,4% dan 8,3%. Jika dikontrol oleh jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, riwayat kegemukan ibu, kebiasaan konsumsi buah mingguan, kebiasaan merokok, dan asupan energi, faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan kelebihan berat badan (> 85% persentil) anak adalah riwayat kegemukan ayah. Disimpulkan bahwa keturunan merupakan faktor penting kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan pada anak-anak. Program intervensi kesehatan masyarakat sebaiknya ditujukan pada keluarga dan determinan sosial yang difokuskan pada perubahan gaya hidup seperti membiasakan untuk tidak terlalu banyak mengonsumsi makanan tinggi kalori dan gula serta orang tua sebaiknya mengembangkan suatu pola aktivitas fisik anak yang dapat merangsang gerakan olah tubuh. Kata kunci: Kelebihan berat badan, kegemukan, anak, prevalensi, determinanAbstractOverweight and obesity, a condition where the amount of body fat is in excess, are health problems in both developed and developing countries including Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinant of overweight and obesity in children using 2007 Basic Health Research data. It was found that the prevalence of overweightand obesity in children aged 5 to 15 years old are 7,4% and 8,3%, respectively. If controlled by sex, education level, history of mother’s obesity, weekly habit to consume fruit, smoking habit, and energy intake, the most dominant factor related to children overweight (> 85%) is the history of father’s obesity. It is concluded that genetics are important factors of overweight and obesity in children. Public health intervention should address family and social determinants with a focus on the change in life style i.e not too much eating high calories and sugar and parents should develop physicalactivity patterns to stimulate their activity. Key words: Overweight, obesity, child, prevalence, determinant

scholarly journals Adapting the ASSIST model of informal peer-led intervention delivery to the Talk to FRANK drug prevention programme in UK secondary schools (ASSIST + FRANK): intervention development, refinement and a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
James White ◽  
Jemma Hawkins ◽  
Kim Madden ◽  
Aimee Grant ◽  
Vanessa Er ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Prevention Intervention

BackgroundIllicit drug use increases the risk of poor physical and mental health. There are few effective drug prevention interventions.ObjectiveTo assess the acceptability of implementing and trialling two school-based peer-led drug prevention interventions.DesignStage 1 – adapt ASSIST, an effective peer-led smoking prevention intervention to deliver information from the UK national drug education website [see www.talktofrank.com (accessed 29 August 2017)]. Stage 2 – deliver the two interventions, ASSIST + FRANK (+FRANK) and FRANK friends, examine implementation and refine content. Stage 3 – four-arm pilot cluster randomised control trial (cRCT) of +FRANK, FRANK friends, ASSIST and usual practice, including a process evaluation and an economic assessment.SettingFourteen secondary schools (two in stage 2) in South Wales, UK.ParticipantsUK Year 8 students aged 12–13 years at baseline.Interventions+FRANK is a UK informal peer-led smoking prevention intervention provided in Year 8 followed by a drug prevention adjunct provided in Year 9. FRANK friends is a standalone informal peer-led drug prevention intervention provided in Year 9. These interventions are designed to prevent illicit drug use through training influential students to disseminate information on the risks associated with drugs and minimising harms using content from www.talktofrank.com. Training is provided off site and follow-up visits are made in school.OutcomesStage 1 – +FRANK and FRANK friends intervention manuals and resources. Stage 2 – information on the acceptability and fidelity of delivery of the interventions for refining manuals and resources. Stage 3 – (a) acceptability of the interventions according to prespecified criteria; (b) qualitative data from students, staff, parents and intervention teams on implementation and receipt of the interventions; (c) comparison of the interventions; and (d) recruitment and retention rates, completeness of primary, secondary and intermediate outcome measures and estimation of costs.Results+FRANK and FRANK friends were developed with stakeholders [young people, teachers (school management team and other roles), parents, ASSIST trainers, drug agency staff and a public health commissioner] over an 18-month period. In the stage 2 delivery of +FRANK, 12 out of the 14 peer supporters attended the in-person follow-ups but only one completed the electronic follow-ups. In the pilot cRCT, 12 schools were recruited, randomised and retained. The student response rate at the 18-month follow-up was 93% (1460/1567 students). Over 80% of peer supporters invited were trained and reported conversations on drug use and contact with trainers. +FRANK was perceived less positively than FRANK friends. The prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use was 4.1% at baseline and 11.6% at follow-up, with low numbers of missing data for all outcomes. The estimated cost per school was £1942 for +FRANK and £3041 for FRANK friends. All progression criteria were met.ConclusionsBoth interventions were acceptable to students, teachers and parents, but FRANK friends was preferred to +FRANK. A limitation of the study was that qualitative data were collected on a self-selecting sample. Future work recommendations include progression to a Phase III effectiveness trial of FRANK friends.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN14415936.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full inPublic Health Research; Vol. 5, No. 7. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. The work was undertaken with the support of the Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer). Joint funding (MR/KO232331/1) from the British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, the Economic and Social Research Council, the Medical Research Council, the Welsh Government and the Wellcome Trust, under the auspices of the UK CRC, is gratefully acknowledged.

“Kids Know What They Are Doing”: Peer-Led Sex Education in New York City

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-527
Author(s):  
Lisa M. F. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Board Of Education ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Information Project

The reasons for peer education's ascendance as a core pedagogy in sex education are as much historical as they are reasonable or ethical. This article traces the history of peer-led sex education from the 1970s to the 1990s against the backdrop of New York City's financial ruin, social unrest, and a public health crisis. Starting with an analysis of the Student Coalition for Relevant Sex Education's Peer Information Project, founded in 1974, it investigates the application of new pedagogical techniques, the interplay between pedagogy and bureaucracy, and the transformation of school culture. Peer education thrived when educators and activists agreed that young people were more likely to accept advice from other young people, a reasonable contention that was nonetheless underassessed. Yet peer education's least intriguing attribute proved to be its most important characteristic: it could be quickly and inexpensively enacted. When HIV/AIDS began to decimate New York City's adolescent population, and the Board of Education proved slow and contradictory in its actions, the city turned to peer education, henceforth coupling the concepts of sex education and peer education.

scholarly journals Sexuality as taboo: using interpretative phenomenological analysis and a Foucauldian lens to explore fathers’ practices in talking to their children about puberty, relationships and reproduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Bennett ◽  
Jane Harden
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Promotion Strategy ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Promotion Strategy ◽  
History Of

Background Fathers can play an important role in their children’s learning about relationships and sexuality but we know very little about the father’s lived experience in this regard. Aim To explore eight fathers’ perceptions and experiences of discussing puberty, relationships and reproduction with their 10-year-old children. Methods The paper commences with a genealogical analysis of the history of sex education in England from the Public Health Act of 1848 to the present day. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used as both a methodology and a method. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with each father and results were analysed ideographically, followed by analysis across the group. Interpretations were developed using a Foucauldian lens of governmentality and biopower. Findings The paper explores how synthesis of IPA with a Foucauldian lens revealed significant tensions between the fathers’ cognitions, accounts and behaviours, which were underpinned by an enduring perception of sexuality as taboo. Conclusion By providing a contextualised understanding of the fathers’ practices, this study demonstrates that a more informed approach to health promotion strategy can be achieved and the implications for nursing are explored.

scholarly journals Survei Darah Jari di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur Provinsi Jambi Tahun 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Yanelza Supranelfy ◽  
Sulfa Esi Warni ◽  
Nur Inzana ◽  
Ade Verientic Satriani ◽  
Deriansyah EKa Putra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Brugia Malayi ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Recurrent Fever ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
District Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Evaluation Survey

Abstract Tanjung Jabung  Timur Regency conducted Mass Drug Prevention (POPM) Filariasis for five consecutive years (2012 up to 2016). The results of the evaluation of the prevalence of microfilaria in the third year (2014) indicated POPM Mf rate in the Regency Tanjung Jabung Timur of 0.83%. Activities conducted after implementation of the POPM filariasis fifth-year evaluation survey was the survey of filariasis transmission. The purpose of this survey was to detect filarial worms in the community, assessed filarial numbers (Microfilaria rate/Mf rate) in the study area, identified the characteristics of the research subjects (age, sex, education, occupation, history of recurrent fever) and identified treatment history and behavior in society. The survey conducted in Nibung Putih Village and Rantau Karya Village on July 2017. Site selection was conducted by the Tanjung Jabung Timur District Health Office based on the results of research conducted in 2014 and villages bordering filariasis endemic villages. The activities conducted were blood finger examination and interview to the respondent which was done from 20.00 until 00.00. Samples collected were 602 individuals. The collected blood specimen was then stained using Giemsa 5% for 30 minutes then read under a microscope to determine the species of filarial worm found. The survey results obtained two new filariasis sufferers in Nibung Putih Village, with Brugia malayi species. The Mf rate in East Tanjung Jabung Regency is 0.33 percent or less than 1%. The results of the pre-TAS previously in the same year obtained a Mf rate in Tanjung Jabung Timur District of 0.82% with a Mf rate of 1.29% in sentinel villages. Based on the two survey results, it shows that there is still a high risk of filariasis transmission, then POPM is continued for at least two years in succession (6th and 7th POPM filariasis). The administration of drugs to positive patients is following the treatment procedure and increases the coverage of treatment in the 6th and 7th years, namely to supervise taking medication by ensuring the drug is taken directly in front of the health worker or cadre. Abstrak Kabupaten Tanjung  Jabung Timur telah melaksanakan kegiatan pemberian obat pencegahan massal (POPM) filariasis selama lima tahun berturut-turut (2012-2016). Hasil evaluasi prevalensi mikrofilaria pada tahun ketiga POPM (2014) menunjukkan mikrofilaria rate (Mf rate) di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur sebesar 0,83%. Kegiatan yang dilakukan setelah pelaksanaan POPM filariasis tahun kelima adalah survei evaluasi penularan filariasis. Tujuan  survei ini adalah untuk mendeteksi cacing filaria pada masyarakat, menilai angka filaria (Microfilaria rate/Mf rate) di daerah penelitian, identifikasi karakteristik subyek penelitian (umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, riwayat demam berulang) serta identifikasi riwayat pengobatan dan perilaku pada masyarakat. Survei dilakukan di Desa Nibung Putih dan Desa Rantau Karya pada Juli 2017. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada tahun 2014 dan desa yang berbatasan dengan desa endemis filariasis. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pemeriksaan darah jari dan wawancara kepada responden yang dilakukan mulai pukul 20.00 WIB sampai dengan 00.00 WIB. Sampel yang dikumpulkan sebanyak 602 individu. Spesimen darah yang telah terkoleksi kemudian dilakukan pewarnaan dengan menggunakan Giemsa 5% selama 30 menit lalu dibaca di bawah mikroskop untuk menentukan spesies cacing filaria yang ditemukan. Hasil survei mendapatkan dua orang penderita baru filariasis di Desa Nibung Putih, dengan spesies Brugia malayi Angka Mf rate  di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung  Timur sebesar 0,33 persen atau kurang dari 1 %. Hasil pre-TAS sebelumnya di tahun yang sama didapatkan angka Mf rate sebesar 0,82%. dengan angka Mf rate 1,29% di desa sentinel.  Berdasarkan kedua hasil survei tersebut menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat risiko penularan filariasis yang tinggi, maka POPM dilanjutkan minimal dua tahun berturut-turut (POPM filariasis tahun ke-6 dan ke-7). Pemberian obat kepada penderita positif sesuai dengan prosedur pengobatan serta meningkatkan cakupan pengobatan pada tahun ke-6 dan ke-7 yaitu  melakukan pengawasan minum obat dengan memastikan obat diminum langsung di depan petugas kesehatan atau kader.

scholarly journals Islam, Leprosy, and Disability: How Religion, History, Art, and Storytelling Can Yield New Insights and Acceptance

Societies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Rooshey Hasnain ◽  
Jon Queijo ◽  
Suheil Laher ◽  
Carrie Sandahl
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disability Studies ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Islamic Values

Age-old fears and misconceptions about leprosy have flourished for centuries and the condition remains both a socially stigmatizing issue and a public health problem in many parts of the globe. In the context of Islam, only a few personal narratives by Muslims living with leprosy exist, and no one has systematically reviewed accounts of leprosy related disability from early or recent Islamic history, including the Prophet Muhammad’s interactions with individuals living with leprosy. In this article, we present previously untold stories about leprosy, from both English and Arabic sources strongly rooted in Islamic values and principles. After an introduction and brief history of Islam, this article is divided into three main sections: (1) The foundations of early Islamic values about illness, leprosy, and disability; (2) Leprosy and stigma in Islamic communities and/or places; and (3) Art, storytelling, and other expressions by people living with leprosy in various parts of the world. The authors also discuss some of the challenges of defining leprosy terminology based on early historic documents. The overall purpose of this article is to describe historical and religious accounts of leprosy and amplify the collective voices and experiences of Muslims who live with leprosy from a disability studies frame. The authors also introduce the ‘House is Black’, a short documentary that illustrates additional insights and commentary related to disability related leprosy.

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