6. Myth and psychology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Carl Jung ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Creation Myths ◽  
The Creation

‘Myth and psychology’ explains how, in psychology, the theories of Sigmund Freud and of Carl Jung have almost monopolized the study of myth. They both parallel myths to dreams. Freud analyzes myths throughout his writings, but his main discussion is of Oedipus. For Freud, myth functions through its meaning: myth vents Oedipal desires by presenting a story in which, symbolically, they are enacted. Like Freudians, Jungians at once analyze all kinds of myths, not just hero myths, and interpret other kinds heroically. Creation myths, for example, symbolize the creation of consciousness out of the unconscious. For Freud, heroism involves relations with parents and instincts. For Jung, heroism involves, in addition, relations with the unconscious.

scholarly journals Die skeppingsmites as simbole van psigiese prosesse

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Naudé
Keyword(s):  
Growth Process ◽  
Jungian Psychology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Collective Unconscious ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Creation Myths ◽  
Individuation Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

Creation myths as symbols of psychic processes The thesis which has been taken from the Jungian psychology and which is discussed in this article, is the following: Creation myths represent unconscious and preconscious psychic processes which constitute the origin of the development of the human being's consciousness of the world. This implies that the creation myths don't describe the origin of the cosmos. They refer to psychic processes which accompany the growth of human consciousness out of the unconscious. This growth process is discussed in terms of the Jungian concepts of the collective unconscious, archetypes, consciousness and ego, the personal unconscious and complexes, the persona and the shadow, the self and the individuation process.

Unmasking unconscious fear and derangement in the Plays of Francis Imbuga

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
Paul M. Mukundi ◽  
Roselyne K. Mutura
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Carl Jung ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Central Characters ◽  
The City

Francis Davis Imbuga, one of the most prominent African playwrights of the 20th Century, employs diverse motifs to reveal the psyches of the characters in his works. This paper examines Imbuga's Betrayal in the City (1976), Man of Kafira (1984), and The Successor (1979) from Freudian and Jungian psychoanalytic perspectives, in order to deduce the central characters' unconscious fear and derangement in a world that is often devoid of freedom and justice. Specifically, the paper utilizes the postulations of Sigmund Freud on the unconsciousness as well as those of Carl Jung on self-archetypes. Characters' actions are considered as driven by Freudian unconscious and Jungian unconscious anima and animus-where the unconscious in fear reflects elites' greed and selfishness, while the unconscious in derangement mirrors repressed desire and guilt.

Mirroring the Complexities of the Human Psyche and the Depiction of Female Powerlessness in Alice Munro’s “Runaway”

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1036-1041
Author(s):  
Steffi Santhana Mary. S ◽  
Dr Anita Albert
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Human Psyche

Human behaviour is constructed by unconscious drives and impulses. To Freud, thoughts are supposed to be guided by desires and these desires are the fundamental basis of humankind, life, and psyche. Not being expressed directly, they take other shapes in order to be expressible in personal and social situations. They are repressed because they could not be fitted into social norms and laws. Freud believes that many of our actions are motivated by psychological forces unknown to others which he calls ‘the unconscious’. The objective of the present paper is to read Munro's Runaway in the mirror of Sigmund Freud to detect the psychological aspects of the characters.

INFLUENCE OF CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT ON THE PERSONALITY OF IX STANDARD STUDENTS IN MADURAI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maruthavanan
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Teaching Skill ◽  
Management Skill ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Study Researcher ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Teaching Learning

This study investigated the influence of personality on the class room management of IXth standard students in Madurai district. Psychoanalysts believe man’s behaviour is triggered mostly by powerful hidden forces within the personality. Sigmund Freud, an Australian physician was the originator of this theory in the early nineties He says much of people’s everyday behaviour is motivated by unconscious forces about which they know little. In order to fully understand personality then one need to illuminate and expose what is in the unconscious. Class room management is very important task in the teaching learning process. Without class room management skill teaching skill has made no effect in the class room. In the study the researcher take IX standard students in Madurai district. In this study researcher proved the above statement. He Proved that the classroom management is directly related with the personality.

Schopenhauer and the Unconscious

2020 ◽  
pp. 496-516
Author(s):  
Stephan Atzert
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Arthur Schopenhauer ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Pleasure Principle ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sabina Spielrein

This chapter explores the gradual emergence of the notion of the unconscious as it pertains to the tradition that runs from Arthur Schopenhauer via Eduard von Hartmann and Philipp Mainländer to Sabina Spielrein, C. G. Jung, and Sigmund Freud. A particular focus is put on the popularization of the term “unconscious” by von Hartmann and on the history of the death drive, which has Schopenhauer’s essay “Transcendent Speculation on the Apparent Deliberateness in the Fate of the Individual” as one of its precursors. In this essay, Schopenhauer develops speculatively the notion of a universal, intelligent, supraindividual unconscious—an unconscious with a purpose related to death. But the death drive also owes its origins to Schopenhauer’s “relative nothingness,” which Mainländer adopts into his philosophy as “absolute nothingness” resulting from the “will to death.” His philosophy emphasizes death as the goal of the world and its inhabitants. This central idea had a distinctive influence on the formation of the idea of the death drive, which features in Freud’s Beyond the Pleasure Principle.

scholarly journals Transferring Culture in Translations —  Modern and Postmodern Options

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Peter Müller
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Charles Baudelaire ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
The Creation

Abstract Transferring Culture in Translations - Modern and Postmodern Options — The characteristic elements of the modern theories of translation by Charles Baudelaire and Sigmund Freud are outlined and described in the context of the question of how differences in culture and understanding can be recognized and translated. Translations depend on a certain homogeneity (between the different sign systems used) which can be provided by the creation of meaning through language. The understanding, acknowledgement and creation of meaning is vital for translations. Both Baudelaire and Freud are quite aware of the relative value of such meaning. In postmodernist theories, translation becomes 'necessarily impossible.' Paul de Man's and Jacques Derrida's practical use of Walter Benjamin's text on translation indeed shows that they do not translate him. They do, however, adapt him to their own view and their specific meaning. More and different meanings can be detected in Benjamin, though, and the necessity for multiple, ambiguous, but not entirely arbitrary translations must be recognized. Only a meaningful, inventive combination of one's own and the other's positions can make cultural transfer and the acknowledgement and tentative understanding of otherness possible.

Modern Prose and Ancient Inhibitions

1980 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
J. Mitchell Morse
Keyword(s):  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Creation Myths ◽  
The Creation

Both amateurs and professionals write poor prose; in fact, students and professionals alike are afflicted with a neurotic need to avoid clarity and precision of thought. In the creation myths of all civilized countries, the exercise of human intelligence is displeasing to the gods; the beginning of civilization - which is necessarily at odds with nature - is always associated with sin. The universal difficulty in articulating feeling precedes consciousness because we are born into helpless dependence on our parents, who in order for us to survive and be fit for human society must often thwart our infantile inclinations. We cry out against their efforts to tame us and civilize us. Writing well which is a way of creating our personal uniqueness, is always an act of subconscious rebellion against society. We tend to discourage such rebellion in others and suppress it in our-selves. We prefer to think in cliches, and to demonstrate, through our bad grammar, bad logic, and general sloppiness of diction, that we are socially harmless because intellectually null. The ability to write seems to have declined through a voluntary careless acceptance of slack imprecision, so that our words and processes of thought become confused. A postliterate culture is not inconceivable; we are willmg our literacy gradually away through a voluntary loss of high literary skill The disappearance of literacy may well bring about the wreck of civilization. We must read attentively, and we must teach our students to read. We must rediscover the value of technique. We must take courage from the few brilliant writers among us and develop new literary modes.

scholarly journals Emblematic Mechanisms and Psychoanalysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-29
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Markiian Soletskyy
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Scientific Thinking ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Standard Unit ◽  
Carl Gustav Jung ◽  
Typical Experience

In the paper the parallels between the emblematic “mechanisms” of signification and the psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud as well as Carl Gustav Jung have been studied. The Austrian psychiatrist has discovered template schemes that become a visual delineation, the blueprint for developing his scientific vocabulary, methodology, classification of psycho-emotional behavioral types in mythological plots. The Eros and Thanatos images handling, the exploitation of mythical tales about Oedipus and Electra, Prometheus, Narcissus, and many other ones to specify the behavioral complexes denote the presence of “emblematic methodology” in the formation of psychoanalytic conceptions and categories. His interpretations of famous mythological plots are boiled down to emblematic reduction. Carl Gustav Jung frequently selected symbolic notations as his research targets, which were a denotative space for expressing internal mental receptions and historic constellations of cultural axiology. In his writings we see the intention to assemble the concepts of image (iconic) and socio-cultural idea (conventional) into a sole compound that syncretically denote unity of meaning. Such an arrangement of iconic-conventional interdetermination is often significative elbowroom in Jung the decoding of which may allow to discern complex mental reflections. Notwithstanding the fact that he considers a symbol to be the standard unit of cognitive-cultural experience “conservation”, its functional semantics definition is fulfilled in emblematic patterns. This emblematic-cognitive form is not only a method of determining the initial images-ideas of the unconscious, “the mythological figures” of inner conflicts, typical experience of generations, but also the principle of justification and expression of his theory conceptual foundation. To a certain extent, it is an element of the Swiss psychologist’s scientific thinking style and language.  

6. On the couch

2018 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Marina Warner
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Carl Jung ◽  
Human Psyche

‘On the couch: house training the Id’ explains how the intertwining of psychoanalysis and fairy tale is tight, and the stories are still trusted to offer a key to understanding the human psyche—regardless of history or social circumstances. It considers Bruno Bettelheim’s The Uses of Enchantment, one of the most influential studies of fairy tales ever written, and the work of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. The stories have universal meaning, but most decodings remain subjective. The belief that the stories have the power to lead by example and shape character, especially gender, to engineer social citizens, and inculcate values and ideology has been widely held and is still accepted.

Sigmund Freud, Translator of The Enfranchisement of Women By J.S. Mill

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Moreau Ricaud
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Creation

After the death of Mill's official translator, Freud (then a brilliant and impoverished student) was offered by Gomperz, thanks to the recommendation of his philosophy teacher von Brentano, the translation of the last volume of John Stuart Mill's works. This included the revolutionary essay of 1851 (by Mill and/or by his partner Mrs Harriet Taylor) on the enfranchisement of women. My hypothesis is that, far from leaving Freud unscathed, this commissioned work had affected some of his negative views about women, which were anyway common in the culture of his times. J.S. Mill (1806–1873), the utopian philosopher whose influence on his theories Freud never acknowledged, might have had an effect, without him becoming aware of it, on his way of listening to the complaints and demands of his female patients, who had cooperated with him in the creation of his technique. The activity of translating (which, according to Valery Larbaud, has ‘something sexual about it’) was able later to play a part in giving birth to Freud's theories on the issue of ‘femininity’, in relation to both women and men. Apres la mort du traducteur officiel, Freud, etudiant brillant et necessiteux, se voit confer par Gomperz et sur la recommandation du philosophe von Brentano dont it est l'etudiant, la traduction du dernier volume des oeuvres de John Stuart Mill, dans lequel se trouve l'essai revolutionnaire (de Mill et/ou sa compagne Mrs Harriet Taylor) de 1851 sur l'affranchissement des femmes. Loin de laisser Freud indemne, ce travail de commande va - c'est mon hypothese - entamer quelques uns de ses prejuges negatifs a l'encontre des femmes (qui flottaient d'ailleurs dans fair du temps). Ce philosophe utopiste, J. S. Mill (1806–1873) - dont Freud ne mentionne pourtant jamais l'influence sur sa propre theorie - pourrait avoir, a son insu et pour une large part, modifie son ecoute des plaintes et revendications de ses patientes, devenues co-creatrices de sa technique. L'acte de traduction (qui a selon Valery Larbaud ‘quelque chose de sexuel’), a pu produire plus tard chez Freud un enfant theorique, en particulier autour du ‘feminin’, questionnee chez la femme et chez F homme.

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