Treating Drug Problems, Volume 1: A Study of the Evolution, Effectiveness, and Financing of Public and Private Drug Treatment Systems

Aim This article reviews the development in Sweden of prison-based drug treatment (PBDT) from the 1970s to the present situation. Data The data consists of committee reports, white papers, research reports and interviews with two senior managers from the Swedish Prison and Probation Services (SPPS). Results The 1970s and 1980s trials with milieu therapy in prisons were followed by the introduction of cognitive programmes in the 1990s. Due to the growing number of prisoners with drug problems, the Prison Anti-Drug Effort increased the number of places and programmes for drug treatment in prisons. As of 2000, the scientific evaluation of all prison-based drug treatment has been strongly emphasised. Drug control has increased since 2004, and the very concept of PBDT is now approached rather more rigorously and scientifically. Conclusion The SPPS programme evaluations are scientifically formed, but changes in practice are slow to emerge. The SPPS runs a more restricted policy compared to treatment outside, which leads to some evidence-based treatment methods being rejected. Also, PBDT is somewhat under threat by changes in the prisons’ internal organisation with growing specialisation in different wings, as well as by the poor financial situation of the SPPS.

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The Role of Legal Coercion in the Treatment of Offenders with Alcohol and Heroin Problems

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology ◽

10.1177/000486589703000201 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 103-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Wayne Hall

Keyword(s):

Drug Treatment ◽

Drug Dependence ◽

Legal Coercion ◽

Coerced Treatment ◽

The Usa ◽

Dependent Property ◽

Drug Dependent ◽

Drug Problems ◽

Prison Populations

This article discusses the ethical justification for, and reviews the American evidence on the effectiveness of, treatment for alcohol and heroin dependence that is provided under legal coercion to offenders whose alcohol and drug dependence has contributed to the commission of the offence with which they have been charged or convicted. The article focuses on legally coerced treatment for drink-driving offenders and heroin-dependent property offenders. It outlines the various arguments that have been made for providing such treatment under legal coercion, namely: the over-representation of alcohol and drug dependent persons in prison populations; the contributory causal role of alcohol and other drug problems in the offences that lead to their imprisonment; the high rates of relapse to drug use and criminal involvement after incarceration; the desirability of keeping injecting heroin users out of prisons as a way of reducing the transmission of infectious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis; and the putatively greater cost-effectiveness of treatment compared with incarceration. The ethical objections to legally coerced drug treatment are briefly discussed before the evidence on the effectiveness of legally coerced treatment for alcohol and other drug dependence is reviewed. The evidence, which is primarily from the USA, gives qualified support for some forms of legally coerced drug treatment, provided that these programs are well resourced, carefully implemented, and their performance is monitored to ensure that they provide a humane and effective alternative to imprisonment. Expectations about what these programs can achieve also need to be realistic.

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The Intersectional Origins of Women’s “Substance Abuse” Treatment

Contemporary Drug Problems ◽

10.1177/0091450917738074 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 265-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Trysh Travis

Keyword(s):

Drug Treatment ◽

Treatment Program ◽

Methadone Maintenance ◽

Disease Model ◽

Community Empowerment ◽

Therapeutic Communities ◽

Rust Belt ◽

Grassroots Organizing ◽

Abuse Treatment ◽

Drug Problems

The WOMAN Center was a women’s drug treatment program focused on heroin that existed in Detroit’s Cass Corridor neighborhood between 1971 and 1985. During this period, successful advocacy by the Modern Alcoholism Movement was establishing the “disease model” as the norm in the expanding alcoholism treatment realm; therapeutic communities and methadone maintenance vied for similar prominence in the world of drug treatment. The WOMAN Center approached drug dependence quite differently. Its founders’ allegiance to ideas about grassroots organizing led them to see drug use and related problems as predictable responses to community chaos and blight. Their treatment program hinged on linking individual and community empowerment, achieved through drug cessation but also through consciousness-raising and leadership training. This theory was difficult to operationalize and the WOMAN Center’s tenure was short-lived. This article argues that it is nevertheless an important moment in the theorization of women’s alcohol and other drug problems: WOMAN’s intersectional analysis of gender, which drew special attention to the ways that capitalism and racism affect women’s decisions to use drugs, is a road not taken for women’s treatment. Attention to such a politicized vision of recovery is important as the U.S. grapples with the present wave of narcotics use in rural and rust-belt communities.

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Matching Drug Treatment to Those in Need: An Analysis of Correctional Service Delivery in Illinois and Ohio

Justice Research and Policy ◽

10.3818/jrp.7.2.2005.29 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 29-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laura Winterfield ◽

Jennifer Castro

Keyword(s):

Substance Abuse ◽

Service Delivery ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Substance Abuse Treatment ◽

Future Research ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Treatment Matching ◽

Individual Level ◽

Abuse Treatment ◽

Drug Problems

An ever-increasing number of prisoners need substance abuse treatment, yet state and federal governments continue to cut funding for prison programs. Given this increased need coupled with reduced service availability, two crucial questions arise: (1) Are limited drug treatment resources being targeted to those with the greatest need? and, (2) Is the most being made of these scarce resources by providing continuity of care? Through an analysis of pre- and post-release data collected from 576 prisoners in Illinois and Ohio, this study examines the degree to which prisoners with self-reported drug problems receive in-prison substance abuse treatment services, and then receive post-release treatment. The study also identifies several individual-level predictors of successful treatment matching and continuity. Although the study finds some evidence of treatment matching, its extent is far less than desirable, and there is minimal continuity of treatment from prison to the community. Collectively, the results suggest that differences in offender motivation and readiness for treatment as well as deficiencies in correctional service delivery play a major role in the success of treatment matching. Suggestions are offered for improvements in correctional policy and practice and for future research on these topics.

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Controlling Drug Users: Forms of Power and Behavioural Regulation in Drug Treatment Services

The British Journal of Criminology ◽

10.1093/bjc/azz055 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Bacon ◽

Toby Seddon

Keyword(s):

Drug Treatment ◽

Drug Users ◽

Social Regulation ◽

Control Techniques ◽

Treatment Services ◽

Power And Control ◽

The Social ◽

Responsive Regulation ◽

Drug Problems ◽

And Control

Abstract This article examines the control practices used in drug treatment services to regulate the behaviour of people with drug problems. Drawing on an extensive qualitative study, we developed a conceptual framework, integrating the notion of responsive regulation with Wrong’s sociology of power. The picture that emerges is of a complex ‘web of controls’, combining diverse forms of power and control techniques, used to steer action and shape behavioural outcomes. It is argued that we can understand these control practices within drug treatment as part of broader strategies for the social regulation of the poor, built on deep-rooted hybrids of punishment and welfare. The article concludes with the suggestion that drug treatment represents an important site for understanding penal power today.

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Correlates of injection drug use among individuals admitted to public and private drug treatment facilities in Turkey

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 164 ◽

pp. 71-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elif Mutlu ◽

Arash Alaei ◽

Melissa Tracy ◽

Katherine Waye ◽

Mustafa Kemal Cetin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Public And Private ◽

Treatment Facilities ◽

Drug Treatment Facilities

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Characteristics of admissions to residential drug treatment agencies in New South Wales, 1988-92: I. Illicit drug problems

Drug and Alcohol Review ◽

10.1080/09595239600185771 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 127-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

SHANE DARKE ◽

MARGARET KELAHER ◽

WAYNE HALL ◽

BRUCE FLAHERTY

Keyword(s):

Drug Treatment ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

South Wales ◽

Residential Drug Treatment ◽

Drug Problems

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Making sense of experience

Evaluation Journal of Australasia ◽

10.1177/1035719x0700700207 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 46-49

Author(s):

Bridget Roberts

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Personal Experience ◽

Making Sense ◽

The People ◽

Development Processes ◽

Drug Problems ◽

Drug Studies

Society's response to alcohol and drug problems must continually evolve. The author expresses optimism about evaluation's ability to guide change from the ground up through developing a culture of ongoing learning. It is argued that the alcohol and other drug treatment sector has a particular need for empowering professional development processes. The article describes the background to and personal experience of a new unit within a Graduate Diploma in Alcohol and Other Drug Studies course. This article is an edited version of a paper presented on 7 September 2007 at the conference of the Australasian Evaluation Society, ‘Doing Evaluation Better’, Melbourne. Bridget Roberts introduced the presentation by acknowledging the people of the Kulin nation, specifically the Wurundjeri (the first people to occupy the Melbourne area and the custodians of this land), including their elders past and present.

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Comparing Black and White Drug Offenders

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/0022042616678614 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 132-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Alana Rosenberg ◽

Allison K. Groves ◽

Kim M. Blankenship

Keyword(s):

Drug Treatment ◽

Poverty Alleviation ◽

Racial Bias ◽

Racial Justice ◽

New Haven ◽

Collateral Consequences ◽

Drug Offenders ◽

Black And White ◽

Drug Problems ◽

Addictive Drug

Despite knowledge of racial bias for drug-related criminal justice involvement and its collateral consequences, we know less about differences between Black and White drug offenders. We compare 243 Black and White non-violent drug offenders in New Haven, Connecticut, for demographic characteristics, substance use, and reentry services accessed. Blacks were significantly more likely to have sales and possession charges; significantly more likely to prefer marijuana, a less addictive drug; and significantly less likely to report having severe drug problems. For both races, drug treatment was the most common service accessed through supervision. These comparisons suggest different reasons for committing drug-related crimes and, thus, different reentry programming needs. Although drug treatment is critical for all who need it, for racial justice, we must also intervene to address other needs of offenders, such as poverty alleviation and employment opportunities.

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