scholarly journals A.R. Luria’s Approach to Neuropsychological Assessment and Rehabilitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri V Mikadze ◽  
Alfredo Ardila ◽  
Tatiana V Akhutina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mental Function ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Qualitative Interpretation ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
Syndrome Analysis ◽  
Scientific Achievements

Abstract Luria is one of the most influential authors in cognitive neuroscience, and in particular neuropsychology. New scientific achievements and clinical observations have significantly supported many of his suggestions and hypotheses. The article describes the basic concepts of neuropsychological evaluation and rehabilitation, associated with the method of syndrome analysis developed by Luria for diagnosis mental function and focus in the qualitative interpretation of the results neuropsychological diagnosis. Luria is regarded as a pioneer in cognitive rehabilitation. His ideas have maintained relevance and have continued to be developed and analyzed. Luria is presented as one of the major founders of contemporary neuropsychology from the fundamental point of view and the clinical perspective. His influence has continued significantly during the 21st century.

scholarly journals Luria’s aphasiology in the 21st century

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Ardila ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Fundamental Point

Luria’s interpretation of brain organization for language and aphasia is analyzed. He published two major books and a myriad of papers devoted to this topic. Luria is one of the major founders of contemporary aphasiology, as from the fundamental point of view as from the clinical perspective. His significant influence has continued during the 21st century. Many of Luria’s ideas have been integrated into contemporary aphasiology. His aphasia classification, however, remains partially controversial.

Radiation Damage in Ceramics

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 600-603
Author(s):  
T. E. Mitchell ◽  
M. R. Pascucci ◽  
R. A. Youngman
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nuclear Waste Storage ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Present Understanding

1. Introduction. Studies of radiation damage in ceramics are of interest not only from a fundamental point of view but also because it is important to understand the behavior of ceramics in various practical radiation enyironments- fission and fusion reactors, nuclear waste storage media, ion-implantation devices, outer space, etc. A great deal of work has been done on the spectroscopy of point defects and small defect clusters in ceramics, but relatively little has been performed on defect agglomeration using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the same kind of detail that has been so successful in metals. This article will assess our present understanding of radiation damage in ceramics with illustrations using results obtained from the authors' work.

ENHANCEMENT OF SCREEN FILM MAMMOGRAM UP TO A LEVEL OF DIGITAL MAMMOGRAM: EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 1340004
Author(s):  
APARNA NARENDRA BHALE ◽  
MANISH RATNAKAR JOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Digital Mammogram ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Opinion Score ◽  
Better Than

Breast cancer is one of the major causes of death among women. If a cancer can be detected early, the options of treatment and the chances of total recovery will increase. From a woman's point of view, the procedure practiced (compression of breasts to record an image) to obtain a digital mammogram (DM) is exactly the same that is used to obtain a screen film mammogram (SFM). The quality of DM is undoubtedly better than SFM. However, obtaining DM is costlier and very few institutions can afford DM machines. According to the National Cancer Institute 92% of breast imaging centers in India do not have digital mammography machines and they depend on the conventional SFM. Hence in this context, one should answer "Can SFM be enhanced up to a level of DM?" In this paper, we discuss our experimental analysis in this regard. We applied elementary image enhancement techniques to obtain enhanced SFM. We performed the quality analysis of DM and enhanced SFM using standard metrics like PSNR and RMSE on more than 350 mammograms. We also used mean opinion score (MOS) analysis to evaluate enhanced SFMs. The results showed that the clarity of processed SFM is as good as DM. Furthermore, we analyzed the extent of radiation exposed during SFM and DM. We presented our literally findings and clinical observations.

Higher-Order Multilevel Solvers for the EHL Line and Point Contact Problem

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Venner
Keyword(s):  
Contact Problem ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Point Contact ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
First Order ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
Numerical Solver ◽  
Circular Contact

This paper addresses the development of efficient numerical solvers for EHL problems from a rather fundamental point of view. A work-accuracy exchange criterion is derived, that can be interpreted as setting a limit to the price paid in terms of computing time for a solution of a given accuracy. The criterion can serve as a guideline when reviewing or selecting a numerical solver and a discretization. Earlier developed multilevel solvers for the EHL line and circular contact problem are tested against this criterion. This test shows that, to satisfy the criterion a second-order accurate solver is needed for the point contact problem whereas the solver developed earlier used a first-order discretization. This situation arises more often in numerical analysis, i.e., a higher order discretization is desired when a lower order solver already exists. It is explained how in such a case the multigrid methodology provides an easy and straightforward way to obtain the desired higher order of approximation. This higher order is obtained at almost negligible extra work and without loss of stability. The approach was tested out by raising an existing first order multilevel solver for the EHL line contact problem to second order. Subsequently, it was used to obtain a second-order solver for the EHL circular contact problem. Results for both the line and circular contact problem are presented.

A METAMAGNETIC QUANTUM CRITICAL ENDPOINT IN Sr3Ru2O7

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (20n22) ◽  
pp. 3258-3264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. GRIGERA ◽  
A. P. MACKENZIE ◽  
A. J. SCHOFIELD ◽  
S. R. JULIAN ◽  
G. G. LONZARICH
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Critical Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Zero Temperature ◽  
Tuning Parameters ◽  
First Order ◽  
End Point ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
New Type ◽  
Quantum Critical ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In this paper, we discuss the concept of a metamagnetic quantum critical end-point, consequence of the depression to zero temperature of a critical end-point terminating a line of first order first transitions. This new type of quantum critical point (QCP) is interesting both from a fundamental point of view: a study of a symmetry conserving QCP, and because it opens the possibility of the use of symmetry breaking tuning parameters, notably the magnetic field. In addition, we discuss the experimental evidence for the existence of such a QCP in the bilayer ruthenate Sr3Ru2O7.

scholarly journals Fluorescent Artificial Receptor-Based Membrane Assay (FARMA) for Spatiotemporally Resolved Monitoring of Biomembrane Permeability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Biedermann ◽  
Garima Ghale, Ghale ◽  
Andreas Hennig ◽  
Werner M. Nau
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayer ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Microscopy Imaging ◽  
Biophysical Models ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
Artificial Receptor ◽  
Microplate Reader

<p>The spatiotemporally resolved monitoring of membrane translocation, <i>e.g.,</i> of drugs or toxins, has been a long-standing goal. Herein, we introduce the fluorescent artificial receptor-based membrane assay (FARMA), a facile, label-free method. With FARMA, the permeation of more than hundred organic compounds (drugs, toxins, pesticides, neurotransmitters, peptides, etc.) through vesicular phospholipid bilayer membranes has been monitored in real time (µs-h time scale) and with high sensitivity (nM-µM concentration), affording permeability coefficients across an exceptionally large range from 10<sup>–9</sup>‑10<sup>–3</sup> cm s<sup>–1</sup>. From a fundamental point of view, FARMA constitutes a powerful tool to assess structure-permeability relationships and to test biophysical models for membrane passage. From an applied perspective, FARMA can be extended to high-throughput screening by adaption of the microplate reader format, to spatial monitoring of membrane permeation by microscopy imaging, and to the compartmentalized monitoring of enzymatic activity.<b></b></p>

Reproducibility of core temperature threshold for sweating onset in humans

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1671-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Brengelmann ◽  
M. V. Savage ◽  
D. H. Avery
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
Downward Displacement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Period

The control of sweating in humans has been described quantitatively in terms of skin and core temperatures (Tsk and Tcore, respectively). However, the precision with which features of the relationship between sweat rate and Tcore at a given Tsk can be reproduced in the short term is not known. We focused on the threshold Tcore. We held Tsk at 38 degrees C until sweating began for two periods separated by a period of cooling with Tsk at 32 degrees C in six men and three women. The esophageal temperature (Tes) at which sweating began was invariably lower in the second period of heating (average difference 0.09 degree C; maximum 0.17 degree C). Also, the rate of rise in Tes was invariably higher (average 148%) during the second period of heating. Thus, although a threshold cannot be reproduced within the error of Tes measurement, the consistency and small magnitude of the downward shift recommend our protocol as a practical method for evaluating other influences on thermoregulation, provided that the effects are big enough to be seen against a background of an expected small decrease. From the fundamental point of view, the consistency of the downward displacement has provocative implications, e.g., the rate of change in Tcore influences sweating or thermosensitive units in slow-responding thermal compartments contribute to the Tcore input signal.

scholarly journals Magnetoelectrics: Three Centuries of Research Heading Towards the 4.0 Industrial Revolution

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nélson Pereira ◽  
Ana Catarina Lima ◽  
Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez ◽  
Pedro Martins
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Magnetic And Electric Properties ◽  
To Come ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Unique Capability

Magnetoelectric (ME) materials composed of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases have been the subject of decades of research due to their versatility and unique capability to couple the magnetic and electric properties of the matter. While these materials are often studied from a fundamental point of view, the 4.0 revolution (automation of traditional manufacturing and industrial practices, using modern smart technology) and the Internet of Things (IoT) context allows the perfect conditions for this type of materials being effectively/finally implemented in a variety of advanced applications. This review starts in the era of Rontgen and Curie and ends up in the present day, highlighting challenges/directions for the time to come. The main materials, configurations, ME coefficients, and processing techniques are reported.

A.R. Luria’s cultural neuropsychology in the 21st century

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-286
Author(s):  
Bella Kotik-Friedgut ◽  
Alfredo Ardila
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Mental Functions ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Cognitive Neurosciences ◽  
Higher Mental Functions

Luria has long been one of the most influential authors in cognitive neurosciences, in particular in neuropsychology. New scientific advances and clinical observations have confirmed many of his proposals and hypotheses. In this paper one of his major ideas is analyzed: the influence of cultural factors on human cognition. The systemic-dynamic Lurian analysis of brain activity is based on Vygotsky's concept of higher mental functions, which are social in origin and complex and dynamic in their structure. Higher mental functions are based on a complex system of operations and means both external and internal. Living conditions and hence cultural characteristics have dramatically changed during the last half century with the development of new media and new virtual ways of communication. Review of contemporary developments supporting the appropriateness and usefulness of these concepts is presented. It is finally concluded that Luria is one of the major founders of contemporary neuropsychology not only from the clinical point of view, but also from the cultural perspective. His influence has continued undiminished during the 21st century.

Software for XRF

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Michael Mantler
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Data Evaluation ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescent Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Interpretation ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
Quantitative Results

As in other fields of spectroscopy, software for x-ray fluorescent analysis has to assist the user in instrument control, raw data refinement, qualitative interpretation of spectral data, and computations for obtaining quantitative results. From a historical point of view, instrument automation and data evaluation routines tor large numbers of samples have been a most important incentive for the introduction of computers into x-ray analysis.

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