scholarly journals 448 The Impact of Noise in the Operating Theatre: A Review of the Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R J W Mcleod ◽  
L Wilks ◽  
S Davies ◽  
H A Elhassan
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Operating Theatre ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Surgical Performance ◽  
Surgeon Experience ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
Team Functioning ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Noise has been recognised to have a negative impact on performance and wellbeing in many settings. Average noise levels have been found to range between 51-79 dB in operating theatres. Despite this, there is little research investigating the effect of noise on surgical team functioning. Method A literature review to look at the impact of noise in the operating theatre was performed on MEDLINE which included the search terms ‘noise’ OR ‘distraction’ AND ‘technical skill’ OR ‘Surgical skill’ OR ‘Operating Room’. 10 of 307 articles identified were deemed relevant. Results 8 of 10 studies found noise to be detrimental to communication and surgical performance, particularly regarding total errors and time to task completion. No studies found noise to be beneficial. Two studies found case irrelevant verbal communication to be a frequent form of noise pollution in operating theatres; this is both perceived by surgeons to be distracting and delays patient care. Noise was most harmful to trainees. Conclusions Noise and irrelevant verbal communications were both found to be harmful to surgical performance, surgeon experience and team functioning. The worsened effect on the trainee exposes an urgent need to address noise pollution in the training environment.

The impact of noise in the operating theatre: a review of the evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
RWJ Mcleod ◽  
L Myint-Wilks ◽  
SE Davies ◽  
HA Elhassan
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Operating Theatre ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Surgical Performance ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Surgeon Experience ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
Team Functioning ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Noise has been recognised to have a negative impact on performance and wellbeing in many settings. Average noise levels have been found to range between 51dB and 79dB in operating theatres. Despite these levels of noise, there is little research investigating their effect on surgical team functioning. Methods A literature review to look at the impact of noise in the operating theatre was performed on MEDLINE, which included the search terms ‘noise’ OR ‘distraction’ AND ‘technical skill’ OR ‘Surgical skill’ OR ‘Operating Room’. Only 10 of 307 articles identified were deemed relevant. Findings Eight of ten studies found noise to be detrimental to communication and surgical performance, particularly regarding total errors and time to task completion. No studies found noise to be beneficial. Two studies found case-irrelevant verbal communication to be a frequent form of noise pollution in operating theatres; this is both perceived by surgeons to be distracting and delays patient care. Conclusion Noise and irrelevant verbal communications were both found to be harmful to surgical performance, surgeon experience and team functioning.

The Impacts of Traffic Noise on House Renting and Selling Prices Concerning Residential Areas Case of Sulaimaniyah City Center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub Smaqaey ◽  
◽  
Mohammed AbdulKareem ◽  
Meryem Komşu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The purposes of this research are to examine the impact of traffic noise on the sale and rent prices of the housing real estate in the Sulaimaniyah city center. Besides, highlight the concept of traffic noise pollution in general and in particular in the Sulaimaniyah city center. Thus, people have the right to choose the nature of the acoustic environment, as others should not impose it, the problem of traffic noise considered as one of the main problems that have imposed on the people in Sulaimaniyah city center. Which began to take severe economic and social dimensions, affects the decision-making process in the real estate market. Moreover, consequently, this research analyzes the impact of traffic noise pollution in the sale and rent prices of residential property in Sulaimaniyah city center, the results of the research have confirmed a clear and negative impact the traffic noise on residential real estate prices in Sulaimaniyah city center. Finally, the research indorsed range of important recommendations, such as necessity control the noise pollution at the level of governments and companies, either at the companies’ level by choosing vehicles that release less sound and the use of sound control devices of high efficiency. Either at the government level to determine the volume level or prevent annoying noises (painful), through legislation and laws of environmental protection and impose fees and raise awareness.

scholarly journals Formation of ecological component of consumer properties of roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (92) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Natalia Arinushkina ◽  
Tamara Grishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Road ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Problem. The issue of the impact of construction projects on the environment is extremely relevant and complex. Analysis of publications. The study of the negative impact of rolling stock, dust, noise, vibration, emissions during the operation of engines, as well as the impact of construction processes on the environment were engaged in such scientists as I.Ye. Evgeniev, RA Kizima, D.W. Зерка-лов, М.В. Немчинов, О.Л. Boychenko and others [1, 3, 4, 8, 9]. The aim is to assess the degree of impact of the road and transport on the environment. Presenting main material. Consumer properties of roads are a set of indicators that directly meet the needs of road users: safety, speed, continuity, comfort of traffic; road capacity, in particular the ability to pass cars and road trains with permitted axle loads, total weight and dimensions; ecological and aesthetic condition of the road; level of service and information support [2]. Ecological safety of the highway depends on the technical level, operational condition of the road and road structures, intensity and composition of traffic and characterizes the impact of the road on the environment within the limits of environmental standards, including harmful vehicle emissions, noise pollution, migration of animals, reptiles etc. [6]. Cars with gasoline engines are especially harmful in this regard. Diesel engines have a much lower level of toxicity and contain much less harmful substances. On the entire area of land occupied by the road and the construction of the road complex, on temporarily allotted land for reserves, quarries and other developments should be removed fertile layer of soil with bulldozers that cut and move the soil some distance. In the course of performance of this work the soil is exposed to mechanical disturbance. The construction area becomes a category of disturbed lands, which include lands with a removed or covered humus layer, not suitable for agricultural and forestry use without prior restoration of fertility [3, 7, 10, 11]. Conclusions. In order to protect the environment, many countries around the world are introducing laws designed to limit the negative impact of vehicles on the state of the biosphere, which requires the creation of modern environmental legislation and regulatory framework for environmental safety.

scholarly journals P-EGS11 The Theatre Training Checklist: A Toolkit to Revive Post Pandemic Operative Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Aldoori ◽  
Andrew Robson ◽  
Adam Al-Attar ◽  
Josh Burke ◽  
Lolade Giwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Patient Positioning ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Operating Theatre ◽  
Instructional Video ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Multiprofessional Team ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Limited Opportunity

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on operative surgical training, with trainee logbook numbers reduced by more than 50% compared to 2019. The operating theatre is expensive, costing approximately £1200 per hour to run. It is a crucial learning environment for many different trainees: anaesthetists, surgeons, operation department practitioners and surgical first assistants. For individuals to achieve their training requirements, the operating theatre as a training environment must be shared between all trainees. This requires excellent teamwork and leadership. The recovery phase of the COVID-19 pandemic is a unique opportunity to adopt novel training strategies.  Methods The Theatre Training Checklist is a simple framework that aims to facilitate awareness, understanding, coordination and cooperation of training for all members of the team (Figure 1). It is a practical strategy that can be adopted in any setting. Usually, trainers discuss informally with their trainees about their individual Skills, Experience, Expectationsand what is Achievable in a planned theatre list (SEEA). However, there currently is limited opportunity to discuss this between different disciplines and the wider team. This tool aims to refine communication, optimize training, manage expectations and ensure equity across the board. The checklist has been introduced and trialed locally.  Results The checklist is completed at the start of the list during the theatre brief. It identifies all trainees and their specific needs within the operating theatre session to the whole team. An agreed strategy is developed on how to achieve identified training goals (figure 2). Sometimes it may not be possible to allow a trainee to perform a particular procedure. However, other opportunities for training in theatre exist, such as: patient positioning, choice of equipment, types of techniques, discussions around consenting and complications etc. Feedback undertaken from the multiprofessional team after local trialing of the checklist has been positive.  Conclusions The Theatre Training Checklist aims to create dialogue and shared understanding of training needs among all parties within the operating theatre. The Theatre Training Checklist Toolkit is available for use and consists of the checklist tool and an instructional video. The Theatre Training checklist is being piloted in some centers and we hope to have the opportunity to present some early findings at AUGIS 2021.

1275: Deterioration of Laparoscopic Surgical Performance with Alteration in Angles of Perspective: the Effect of Surgeon Experience

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 336-336
Author(s):  
Allison Frisella ◽  
Caroline D Ames ◽  
David Lieber ◽  
Ramakrishna Venkatesh ◽  
Peter G. Schulam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Performance ◽  
Surgeon Experience

Urbanization of fauna on the example of marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
A. P. Korzh ◽  
T. V. Zahovalko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Recently, the number of published works devoted to the processes of synanthropization of fauna, is growing like an avalanche, which indicates the extreme urgency of this theme. In our view, the process of forming devices to coexist with human and the results of his life reflects the general tandency of the modern nature evolution. Urbanization is characteristic for such a specific group of animals like amphibians, the evidence of which are numerous literature data. Many researchers use this group to assess the bioindicative quality of the environment. For this aim a variety of indicators are used: from the cellular level of life of organization up to the species composition of the group in different territories. At the same time, the interpretation of the results is not always comparable for different areas and often have significantly different interpretations by experts. Urban environment, primarily due to the contamination is extremely aggressive to amphibians. As a consequence, the urban populations of amphibians may be a change in the demographic structure, affecting the reproductive ability of the population, the disappearance of the most sensitive species or individuals, resizing animals, the appearance of abnormalities in the development, etc. At the same time play an important amphibians in the ecosystems of cities, and some species in these conditions even feel relatively comfortable. Therefore, it is interesting to understand the mechanisms of self-sustaining populations of amphibians in urban environments. To assess the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the development of amphibian populations were used cognitive modeling using the program Vensim PLE. Cognitive map of the model for urban and suburban habitat conditions were the same. The differences concerned the strength of connections between individual factors (migration, fertility, pollution) and their orientation. In general, factors like pollution, parasites, predators had negative impact on the population, reducing its number. The birth rate, food and migration contributed to raising number of individuals. Some of the factors affected on the strength to of each other as well: the majority of the factors affected the structure of the population, had an influence on the fertility. Thanks to it the model reflects the additive effect of complex of factors on the subsequent status of the population. Proposed and analyzed four scenarios differing strength and duration of exposure. In the first scenario, a one-time contamination occurs and not subsequently repeated. The second and third scenario assumes half board contamination, 1 year (2 scenario) and two years (scenario 3). In the fourth scenario, the pollution affected the population of amphibians constantly. In accordance with the results of simulation, much weaker than the natural populations respond to pollution - have them as an intensive population growth and its disappearance at constant pollution is slow. Changes to other parameters of the model showed that this pollution is the decisive factor -only the constant action leads to a lethal outcome for the populations. All other components of the model have a corrective effect on the population dynamics, without changing its underlying trand. In urban areas due to the heavy impact of pollution maintaining the population is only possible thanks to the migration process – the constant replenishment of diminishing micropopulations of natural reserves. This confirms the assumption that the form of existence metapopulations lake frog in the city. In order to maintain the number of amphibians in urban areas at a high level it is necessary to maintain existing migration routes and the creation of new ones. Insular nature of the placement of suitable habitats in urban areas causes the metapopulation structure of the types of urbanists. Therefore, the process of urbanization is much easier for those species whicht are capable of migration in conditions of city. In the initial stages of settling the city micropopulationis formed by selective mortality of the most susceptible individuals to adverse effects. In future, maintaining the categories of individuals is provided mainly due to migration processes metapopulisation form of the species of existence is supported). It should be noted that the changes in the previous levels are always saved in future. In the case of reorganizations of individuals we of morphology can assume the existence of extremely adverse environmental conditions that threaten the extinction of the micropopulations. 

Modernisation of Higher Education – Willful Action or Wishful Thinking? The Case of Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Elena Blagoeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The impact of the last global economic crisis (2008) on the European economy put a strain on higher education (HE), yet it also pushed the sector towards intensive reforms and improvements. This paper focuses on the “Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in the Republic of Bulgaria 2014-2020”. With a case study methodology, we explore the strategic endeavours of the Bulgarian government to comply with the European directions and to secure sustainable growth for the HE sector. Our research question is ‘How capable is the Bulgarian HE Strategy to overcome the economic and systemic restraints of Bulgarian higher education?’. Because the development of strategies for HE within the EU is highly contextual, a single qualitative case study was chosen as the research approach. HE institutions are not ivory towers, but subjects to a variety of external and internal forces. Within the EU, this is obviated by the fact that Universities obtain their funds from institutions such as governments, students and their families, donors, as well as EU-level programmes. Therefore, to explore how these pressures interact to affect strategic action on national level, the case method is well suited as it enabled us to study the phenomena thoroughly and deeply. The paper suggests the actions proposed within the Strategy have the potential to overcome the delay, the regional isolation and the negative impact of the economic crisis on the country. Nevertheless, the key elements on which the success or failure of this Strategy hinges are the control mechanisms and the approach to implementation. Shortcomings in these two aspects of strategic actions in HE seem to mark the difference between gaining long-term benefits and merely saving face in front of international institutions.

Has Aid Helped in Pakistan?

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4II) ◽  
pp. 947-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrukh Rafi Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Causal Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This paper has a two-fold objective: first, to examine the terms on which Pakistan receives aid and whether its debt situation is sustainable, and second, to examine the impact of aid and debt on economic growth. It is found that there is little encouraging that can be said about how the terms on which Pakistan has received aid over time have changed, and its current debt situation is not sustainable. Also reported is the analysis done elsewhere which shows that aid has a negative (Granger) causal impact on GDP, and aid has a robust negative impact on economic growth after controlling for supplyside shocks. We provide various reasons for this negative association.

Green Beans Cultivation Using Mice Pets Control to Improve the Quality of Bintaro Fruit Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ajeng Embri Legawati ◽  
Nur Azizah ◽  
Achmad Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Environmental Balance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Green beans cultivation technology using mice pets control has been implemented in the Gluranploso village, Benjeng Gresik. The implementation of the technology performed for 2.5 months from August to October 2017. The purpose of the implementation is aimed to reduce the dependence of farmers on the use of chemical pesticides so that the farmers are aware of the negative impact of chemical pesticides. Assessing the impact of the utilization of Bintaro fruit and fruit extracts to explore ways of making Bintaro as a natural biopesticide to overcome rat attack on green bean plants in the Gluranploso village. Pest control mice can reduce the rate of loss of the crops more effectively and efficiently. Finally, with the use of those natural resources as a biopesticide material can also maintain the environmental balance

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial condition of students in Poland and Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Długosz ◽  
Yana
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Psychosocial Condition ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emotional Condition ◽  
Double Measurement

The article presents the results of research on psychosocial condition among Polish and Ukrainian students during the quarantine. The aim of the research was to verify the impact of the pandemic and its accompanying phenomena on the well-being of youth. In order to achieve this goal, the CAWI on-line survey method with double measurement was used. The first measurement carried out at the beginning of the quarantine resulted in 3659 filled out surveys in Poland and 739 in Ukraine. The second measurement conducted at the end of distance learning brought 1978 filled out surveys in Poland and 411 in Ukraine. The results of research indicate that the quarantine had a negative impact on the psychosocial condition of youth. The deterioration of emotional condition and the increase in mental disorders has been observed. Due to the pandemic and distance learning, the mental health of youth deteriorated significantly. Polish youth were negatively influenced by the pandemic to a greater extent than young Ukrainians.

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