scholarly journals 1613 A Case Study Implementing A Strength Training Programme with The Aim to Reduce the Risk of Osteosarcopenia And Bone Fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Said Noor ◽  
M Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Strength Training Programme

Abstract Aim Strength training induces a mechanical load, both increasing muscle mass and enhancing osteoblast activity. This results in increased muscle and bone strength, reducing the risk of osteosarcopenia. Osteosarcopenia can start after the age of 30, putting patients at increased risk of bone fractures, with an untrained individual losing 0.23kg of muscle mass per year. In this case study, we illustrate a training programme, implemented over a period of 4 weeks on an untrained individual. The aim is to set an exemplar strengthening regimen for patients to reduce their risk of developing osteosarcopenia and bone fractures. Method One untrained novice subject was recruited. Two physical profile measurements were taken, prior to the start of the programme and at its conclusion. These included height, weight, BMI, lean body mass, muscle circumference and 1 repetition max (1RM) for upper body strength (bench press) and lower body strength (deadlift and squat). Results The subject had increased strength performance with increased 1RM, or equivalent, in the deadlift (+2.9kg), squat (+3kg) and bench press (+2.5kg) He also had a small increase in lean body mass of 0.1kg and increased body circumference in all muscle groups. Conclusions Our study shows that a simple strength training programme performed independently can lead to improved muscle strength and increased lean body mass. We illustrated that the programme can be performed inexpensively. Forthcoming, we would like to perform a prospective cohort study with the aim to implement a standardised programme within national guidelines for fracture risk-reduction.

scholarly journals Serum free testosterone, leptin and soluble leptin receptor changes in a 6-week strength-training programme

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ara ◽  
J. Perez-Gomez ◽  
G. Vicente-Rodriguez ◽  
J. Chavarren ◽  
C. Dorado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Strength Training Programme

Strength training is usually associated with a reduction in fat mass and with muscle hypertrophy. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the serum free leptin index (FLI), measured by the molar excess of soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) over leptin, is increased by 6 weeks of strength training. Eighteen male, physical education students were randomly assigned to two groups: a strength-training (n12) and a control group (n6). Body composition (lean body mass and body fat) determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), muscle performance and leptin, sOB-R, total testosterone and free testosterone concentrations were determined before and after training. Fat mass was reduced by 1 kg with strength training (P < 0·05). Lean body mass of trained extremities was increased by 3 % (P < 0·05), while the concentration of free testosterone in serum was reduced by 17 % (P < 0·05) after training. However, despite the reduction in fat mass and free testosterone, serum leptin concentration was not significantly affected by strength training, even after accounting for the differences in body fat. By contrast, for a given fat mass, the sOB-R was increased by 13 % (P < 0·05) at the end of the strength-training programme, although the molar excess of sOB-R over leptin remained unchanged. Therefore, the quantity of free leptin available to bind to the target tissues was not significantly affected by the short strength-training programme, which elicited a 7 % reduction in fat mass.

Effects of a resistance training community programme in older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul ◽  
Chrissa L. McClellan ◽  
Elizabeth J. Parks ◽  
Stephen D. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Resistance Training Programme

Abstract Ageing is associated with reduced muscle mass, strength, flexibility and balance, resulting in a poor quality of life (QOL). Past studies have occurred in highly controlled laboratory settings which provide strong support to determine whether similar gains can be made in community programmes. Twenty participants were enrolled in an eight-week community-based resistance training programme (mean age = 61.3 (standard error (SE) = 0.9) years); Body Mass Index = 32.0 (SE = 1.3) kg/m2). All participants completed surveys to assess outcomes associated with QOL. Given the relationship between muscle function and nerve health, nerve conduction studies (NCS) were also conducted in a separate group of participants (mean age = 64.9 (SE = 2.0) years; Body Mass Index = 32.6 (SE = 1.9) kg/m2). This community-based training programme significantly improved QOL measures in older adults (p < 0.001). Although weight loss was not the primary outcome of the study, participants reduced their body weights (p < 0.001), by primarily reducing fat mass (p = 0.007) while maintaining muscle mass. Significant improvements were observed in muscle strength (2.2%), flexibility and balance (3.2–464.2%, p ⩽ 0.05 for all). Improvements were also observed in plasma glucose (p = 0.05), haemoglobin A1C (p = 0.06) and aldolase enzyme levels (p < 0.001). Scores for surveys on memory and sleep improved (p < 0.05). Improved QOL was associated with increased lean mass (r = −0.714, p = 0.002), decreased fat mass (r = −0.702, p = 0.003) and improved flexibility and balance (r = −0.627, p = 0.008). An eight-week, community-based resistance training programme significantly improved QOL in older adults. Influence on the lipid profile and NCS still needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Changes in Muscle Mass after Botulinum Toxin Injection in Children with Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Dongwoo Lee ◽  
Jaewon Kim ◽  
Ja-Young Oh ◽  
Mi-Hyang Han ◽  
Da-Ye Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injection ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

We aimed to evaluate muscle mass changes after injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP). Children aged between 2 and 12 years who were diagnosed with hemiplegic CP with spastic equinus foot were prospectively recruited and administered BoNT in the affected leg. Lean body mass (LBM) of both legs and total limbs was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) preinjection and 4 and 12 weeks after injection. A total of 15 children were enrolled into the study. LBM of both legs and total limbs increased significantly over 12 weeks of growth. The ratio of LBM of the affected leg to total limbs and to the unaffected leg significantly reduced at 4 weeks after injection compared with preinjection but significantly increased at 12 weeks after injection compared with 4 weeks after injection. In conclusion, the muscle mass of the affected leg after BoNT injection in children with hemiplegic spastic CP decreased at 4 weeks after BoNT injection but significantly recovered after 12 weeks after injection.

scholarly journals Assessment of muscle mass, risk of falls and fear of falling in elderly people with diabetic neuropathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hudson Azevedo Pinheiro ◽  
Karla Helena Coelho Vilaça ◽  
Gustavo de Azevedo Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective : To assess muscle mass, risk of falls and fear of falling in elderly adults with diabetic neuropathy (DNP). Methods : 50 elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic neuropathy (NPD) participated in this study. Risk of falling was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Fear of falling was assessed by means of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Muscle mass was assessed by tetrapolar bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and Janssen's equation. Subjects were divided into two groups: one with a history of falls in the six months before study enrollment (G1) and the other without history of falls (G2). Results : There were statistically significant differences between G1 and G2 regarding lean body mass (p < 0.05), risk of falls as measured by the BBS (p < 0.01), and fear of falling as measured by the FES-I (p < 0.01). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the BBS and BIA (r = 0.45 and p < 0.01), showing that the greater the lean body mass, the lower the risk of falling. Conclusions : We found an association between lean mass, risk of falls and fear of falling in elderly adults with DNP and a history of falls from own height.

Vitamin C and E supplementation blunts increases in total lean body mass in elderly men after strength training

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 755-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bjørnsen ◽  
S. Salvesen ◽  
S. Berntsen ◽  
K. J. Hetlelid ◽  
T. H. Stea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Total Lean Body Mass

scholarly journals Higher bench press performance resulted in higher shoulder stiffness among perak sukma 2018 female rugby players

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohansundar Sankaravel ◽  
Nur Ikhwan Mohamad ◽  
Aida Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Rugby Players

Bench press exercise is extensively used for chest and shoulder strength development. Joint stiffness is one of the side-effects that may occur with the exercise. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bench press load and shoulder joint stiffness. Sixteen female rugby players (body weight 53.98 ± 7.14 kg, height 156 ± 5.38 cm) selected for Perak SUKMA 2018 team were assessed during centralized training ~9 months prior to the competition. Shoulder joint stiffness in terms of external and internal rotation range of motions were assessed by a qualified physiotherapist. The participants then performed one repetition maximum (1-RM) Bench press, according to the National Strength & Conditioning Association (NSCA)'s protocol.  Standardized warm-up and cooling-down protocol were prescribed to the participants accordingly. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for statistical correlation analysis. Both side shoulder internal and external rotation range of motion measurements showed a negative correlation (r=-0.190 internal, r=-0.285 external) with bench press (average 1-RM load 50.83 ± 9.00 kg) performance. Bench press exercises may result in reduced shoulder mobility due to an increase of muscular tightness around the joint. Maintaining normal mobility of shoulder joint throughout any strength training program is warranted and suggested. The finding also highlighted the importance of the mobility program to always be included together with a strength training programme for athletes.

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