scholarly journals Inadequate Dietary Diversity and Its Determinants Among Adolescent Girls and Boys: Evidence from the National Nutrition Surveillance Study in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 502-502
Author(s):  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽  
Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys

Abstract Objectives Bangladesh is experiencing triple burden of malnutrition among adolescents, which may be associated with inadequate dietary diversity (IDD). In the recently completed round of the national nutrition surveillance (NNS 2018–2019), we explored the prevalence of IDD and its determinants among adolescent girls and boys. Methods A total of 4808 adolescent girls and 4761 adolescent boys were interviewed. We used minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) questionnaire to collect dietary data. IDD was defined as consumption of <5 food groups out of 10 food groups in the past 24 hours. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors for IDD among adolescent girls and boys. Results The prevalence of IDD was 55.5% and 50.6% among the adolescent girls and boys. Prevalence of IDD decreased with an increase of educational attainment among girls (no education 77.8% and grade 10 completed education 49.2%) and boys (no education 68.2% and grade 10 completed education 44.2%). The prevalence of IDD in slum, urban and rural areas was 66.4%, 55.6%, and 51.9% among girls and 61.4%, 50.5% and 52.6% among boys, respectively. Prevalence of IDD was lowest among the richest wealth quintile (girls: 45.4% and boys: 43.1%). Among adolescent girls education (e.g., for grade 10 completed, AOR: 3.42, P = 0.002), marital status (AOR: 1.24, P = 0.046), processed food consumption (AOR: 1.66, P < 0.001), television viewing time (e. g. for ≤60 min/day, AOR: 1.37, P < 0.001), and sex of household head (AOR: 0.81, P = 0.003) were significantly associated with IDD. Among the adolescent boys age (AOR: 0.82, P = 0.024), education (e.g., for grade 10 completed, AOR: 2.36, P < 0.001), sex of household heads (AOR: 0.80, P = 0.002), livestock ownership (AOR: 1.22, P = 0.012), fruits and vegetable consumption (AOR: 1.38, P = 0.004), processed food intake (AOR: 1.74, P < 0.001), physical activity (AOR: 0.76, P = 0.001), and television viewing time (e. g. for ≤60 min/day, AOR: 1.19, P = 0.021) were significantly associated with IDD. Conclusions About more than half of the adolescent girls and boys consume inadequately diversified diet in Bangladesh. The study identified a number of factors associated with IDD, which should be addressed through comprehensive and sustainable public health interventions. Funding Sources Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic and Diet-Related Factors Associated with Insufficient Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adolescent Girls in Rural Communities of Southern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Kumar Singh ◽  
Dilaram Acharya ◽  
Salila Gautam ◽  
Mandira Adhikari ◽  
Ji-Hyuk Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Sufficient fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption has been associated with reduced risks of chronic diseases and adverse health conditions. However, the determinants of insufficient of FV intake among adolescent girls in Nepal have not been determined. This study was undertaken to identify associations between socio-demographic and diet-related factors with insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescent girls living in rural communities. This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on 407 adolescent girls from rural communities in the Bateshwar rural municipality of Dhanusha district, Southern Nepal between 12 October, 2018 and 14 December, 2018. The study subjects responded to FV consumption and dietary factor-related questionnaires, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Data were analyzed using the univariate logistic regression followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. From the 407 study subjects, 359 (88.2%) reported insufficient FV consumption. The factors significantly associated with insufficient FV consumption were education to under the 10th grade, household income in the first tercile, lack of awareness of the importance of FV consumption, the non-availability of FVs at the household level, the low level of dietary diversity, and undernutrition (BMI (body mass index) (<18.5)). The study shows almost 90% of adolescent girls consumed inadequate amounts of FV and that socio-demographic and dietary factors should be taken into account while designing preventive strategies to increase fruit and vegetable consumption to recommended levels.

scholarly journals Home Food Availability, Food Insecurity and Nutrition Knowledge Are Key Factors Influencing Dietary Diversity Among Adolescent Girls in Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 536-536
Author(s):  
Sunny Kim ◽  
Celeste Sununtnasuk ◽  
Amare Tadesse ◽  
Abdulaziz Oumer ◽  
Tamirrat Walissa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Adolescent Nutrition ◽  
The Past

Abstract Objectives In Ethiopia, where 40% of the population is under 15 years, evidence on adolescent nutrition is limited. We examined the dietary diversity and its determinants among in-school adolescent girls in 2 regions in southern Ethiopia. Methods We used household survey data from 162 in-school adolescent girls aged 10–14 y across 54 primary schools in one agrarian region (SNNP) and one pastoralist region (Somali), collected in October-November 2019. Multiple regression models were used to examine factors such as nutrition knowledge, food availability and food insecurity associated with the dietary diversity score, adjusted for age and geographic clustering. Results All of the adolescent girls were currently enrolled in school (grades 4–8), and most resided with their mothers (96.9%) and fathers (80.2%). Prevalence of thinness was 11.7% (body mass index (BMI)-for-age Z-score &lt; −2SD), and 35.2% were mildly thin (BMI-for-age Z-score &lt; -1SD). Dietary diversity was low, with 3.7 food groups (out of 10) consumed in the last 24 h. Also, 48.8% reported consuming sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages in the last 24 h. Nutrition knowledge among adolescents was moderate, with an average score of 4.8 out of 8 knowledge items. On occurrences of food insecurity in the past 30 days, they reported an average score of 1.1 (out of 9 items). However, household surveys revealed a high degree of food insecurity (56.2%). Adolescents also reported that only 3.6 food groups (out of 10) were available at home some/most/all of the time (that is, 3–7 days) over the past 7 days. Unsurprisingly, food availability at home (β = 0.30, P = 0.000) and food insecurity (β = −0.12, P = 0.013) followed by nutrition knowledge (β = 0.11, 0 = 0.031) were significantly associated with dietary diversity score. Conclusions Understanding the factors influencing poor diets among adolescents will help to enhance the design of educational interventions to improve adolescent nutrition outcomes, a critical priority in Ethiopia. However, household food insecurity and household food availability are serious concerns in this context. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, through Alive & Thrive, managed by FHI 360; and CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), led by the International Food Policy Research Institute.

scholarly journals Dietary diversity practice and associated factors among adolescent girls in Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia, 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedir Abdela Gonete ◽  
Amare Tariku ◽  
Sintayehu Daba Wami ◽  
Temesgen Yihunie Akalu
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Dietary diversity is defined as the number of food groups or items consumed over a reference period, and usually, it is a problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Inadequate dietary diversity is one of a major public health problem and can result in physical, emotional, and psychological changes among adolescents. However, studies on dietary diversity among school children were very limited. Hence, this study aimed at determining dietary diversity practices and factors among adolescents in Dembia district. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 15, 2017, at Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 474 study subjects were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Dietary diversity was measured through standard tool adopted from Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) 2016 using the 24-h recall method. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with a diversified diet. Result This study illustrated that 32.3% (95% CI 27.9–36.8) of the adolescents had adequate dietary diversity. Inadequate dietary diversity was significantly associated with being Muslim (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1–0.7), self-employment (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1–0.9), middle (AOR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3–0.8) and high wealth category (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.2–0.6), and underweight (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.3–9.5). Conclusion The findings of this study showed that only one-third of adolescent girls have adequate dietary diversity. Low level of dietary diversification suggested points to the need for strengthening efforts targeting to improve the healthy dietary practice of adolescents by giving due attention to poor households and undernourished adolescents.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Inquiry into the Eating Behavior and Physical Activity of Adolescent Girls and Boys in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S122-S131
Author(s):  
Airin Roshita ◽  
Peter Riddell-Carre ◽  
Revyani Sjahrial ◽  
Dee Jupp ◽  
Harriet Torlesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Adolescent Nutrition ◽  
School Based ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys

Background: Despite the rising double burden of malnutrition, adolescent nutrition has received little attention in Indonesia. Eating and physical activity behaviors established in adolescence are known to track into adulthood and may contribute to chronic diseases in later life. This study aimed to explore the eating behaviors and physical activity of Indonesian adolescents, and their influencing factors. Methods: The study, designed as a qualitative study, was conducted in 2 selected districts in Indonesia: Klaten and Lombok Barat. Data were collected through immersion, open and informal discussions, and participant observations with 302 adolescent girls and boys. Results: The eating and physical activity behaviors of adolescent boys and girls are influenced by contextual changes in their family lifestyles and environment. The adolescents in this study only conflate physical activity with participation in sport. Even when a wider view of physical activity is cast, their level of physical activity remains low, especially for adolescent girls. Adolescents and their families generally eat 3 meals a day, with schools an important source of food for adolescents. Adolescents skip breakfast at home, and breakfast and lunch are usually purchased and eaten at school. Fewer families cook and families rarely eat together due to increasingly busy lives, increased mobility, and digital connectivity. Conclusions: The rapid contextual shifts taking place in Indonesia influence the home, school, and peer environment to shape eating behaviors and physical activity among adolescent boys and girls. Gender-responsive multicomponent school-based interventions have the potential to serve as an important entry point for influencing adolescent nutrition.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status of School Going Adolescent Girls in Awash Town, Afar Region, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla Kahssay ◽  
Lidia Mohamed ◽  
Abel Gebre
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score

Background. Adolescence is an essential stage in the human life cycle, a transition period between childhood and adulthood that is characterized by rapid growth spurt in which nutritional requirement is high. Adolescents are risk groups for malnutrition, but they are not part of a target in many intervention strategies. Hence, this study was aimed at assessing nutritional status of adolescent girls and its associated factors. Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed among randomly selected 348 school going adolescent girls. Data were entered into Epi Info and transported to SPSS version 20 for further analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predicators of nutritional status of adolescent girls at p value <0.05 and 95% confidence level. Results. This study revealed that 22.9% and 8.82% of school adolescent girls were stunted and thin, respectively. Being at early adolescent age (14-15 years) [AOR = 1.4, 95% CI (1.04–4.28)], ownership of phone [AOR = 3.3, 95% CI (1.55–7.02)], and dietary diversity score of <4 food groups [AOR = 2.2, 95% CI (1.4–4.54)] were some of the potential predictors of stunting. Similarly, dietary diversity score of <4 food groups [AOR = 1.8, 95% CI (1.14–4.38)] and low food consumption [AOR = 3, 95% CI (1.15–7.90)] were some of the potential predictors of thinness. Conclusion and Recommendation. The prevalence of both stunting and thinness is a public health problem in the study area. Early adolescent age (10–14 years), ownership of phone, and dietary diversity score of <4 food groups were independent predictors of stunting. Dietary diversity score of <4 food groups and eating less than usual were independent predictors of thinness. An integrated nutritional intervention and health related services that meet the needs of adolescent girls in the school community have to be established and strengthened. Since adolescent age is period of growth and development in which growth spurt and nutritional requirement are high, adolescents should be provided with enough meals and diversified foods.

scholarly journals Dietary diversity and nutritional status of 2 to 5 years old children in households with and without home gardens in selected districts in Siem Reap province, Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sek Liny ◽  
◽  
Aimee A. Sheree Barrion ◽  
Clarissa B Juanico ◽  
Josefina T. Dizon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score ◽  
Home Gardening ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of malnutrition in Cambodia during the past 10 years. One of the programmes implemented to secure household food security in order to alleviate malnutrition was home gardening. This study aimed to compare the nutritional status of 2 to 5 years old children in households with and without home gardens. Methods: Twenty-five households with home gardens and 60 households without home gardens were sampled. Results: The households sampled had a mixed type of home garden with three to five crop varieties occupying 20 to 200 square meters area. The purpose of the garden was to increase vegetable consumption and produce additional income. Results showed that 72% and 65% of the children resided in households with and without home gardens, respectively. Majority had medium dietary diversity score, i.e. consumed four to five different food groups per day. Except for stunting, higher prevalences of undernutrition (32%) and wasting (8%) were observed among children residing in households with home gardens compared to children in households without home gardens. Conclusion: There were no associations for dietary diversity score and nutritional status of children from households with and without home gardens. Among the sociodemographic and economic factors, age, sex, family size, and vegetable consumption were significantly associated with dietary diversity score and nutritional status of the children.

scholarly journals Differences in Estimates of Minimum Dietary Diversity by Using the New and Old Definition: Evidence From Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 808-808
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Roy ◽  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽  
Abu abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽  
Mehedi Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Abstract Objectives Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) is an indicator to assess feeding practices of children aged 6–23 months. The WHO and UNICEF have recently revised the definition of MDD, replacing ‘≥4 out of 7 food groups (MDD-7FG)’ with ‘≥5 out of 8 food groups (MDD-8FG)’. In the new definition, breast milk was considered as a separate food group. We aimed to estimate the implications of this change on the prevalence of MDD at the national and regional levels of Bangladesh. Methods We analyzed data from the national food security and nutrition surveillance round 2018–2019. MDD was defined and calculated according to the WHO-UNICEF guidelines. The prevalence of MDD-7FG and MDD-8FG was estimated and stratified by gender, age groups, place of residence, division, and wealth index. The difference between the prevalence between MDD-7FG and MDD-8FG was presented as percentages. Results Compared to the older definition, the overall prevalence of MDD was lower among 6 to 23 months old children in Bangladesh (46.2% vs. 54.7%). The absolute percentage point difference between the estimates (MDD-8FG vs. MDD-7FG) was higher among the boys (44.0% vs. 53.2%), 12–23 months aged old children (53.4% vs. 63.4%), children living in the non-slum urban areas (30.2% vs. 42.4%) and Dhaka division (42.0% vs. 56.3%), and among the children of middle-class families (40.3% vs. 57.6%). Conclusions The new definition and the inclusion of breast milk intake as a new food group led to a decrease in the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity in Bangladesh. The country program needs to emphasize the continuation of breastfeeding until two years of age of the children. Moreover, the changes in the definition of MDD and the resultant consequence should be kept in mind while performing trend analysis of dietary diversity in Bangladesh and elsewhere. Funding Sources Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh.

The effects of income and food safety perception on vegetable expenditure in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bismark Amfo ◽  
Isaac Gershon Kodwo Ansah ◽  
Samuel A. Donkoh
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
High Income ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Niche Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Poor Households

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how consumers’ concern for food safety and income levels influence vegetable consumption patterns and expenditure in Tamale, Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Using data from a survey of 300 urban consumers, quantile regression analyses are used to examine how food safety consciousness, income and other factors influence vegetable expenditure across different quantiles. Findings Whereas protein-rich foods take smaller proportion, vegetables and cereals take more than half of the household food budget. Poor households spend greater proportion of income on food relative to wealthier households, although absolute amounts spent on food takes the opposite direction. Engel’s law applies to composite food expenditure and individual food classes. Bennett’s law applies to various food groups, with high-income households showing high dietary diversity than middle- and low-income households. Food safety consciousness and income groupings significantly influence vegetable expenditure at various quantiles. Expenditure of food safety conscious and high-income consumers are positioned on higher quantiles. Research limitations/implications The findings suggest a potential for agribusiness investors to develop safer vegetable niche markets in the study area. Originality/value The study is the first to analyze vegetable consumption in Ghana with a focus on food safety consciousness, income levels and consumers’ location.

Predictors of the diets consumed by adolescent girls, pregnant women and mothers with children under age two years in rural eastern India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sayeed Unisa ◽  
Abhishek Saraswat ◽  
Arti Bhanot ◽  
Abdul Jaleel ◽  
Rabi N. Parhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Service ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Adolescents, pregnant women and mothers of children under 2 years of age are in stages of life characterized by higher nutritional demands. The study measured the dietary diversity of 17,680 adolescent girls, pregnant women and mothers of children under age 2 years in the eastern Indian states of Bihar, Chhattisgarh and Odisha using data from the Swabhimaan baseline survey conducted in 2016. The association of women’s mean Dietary Diversity Scores with socioeconomic, health and nutrition service indicators was assessed. The sampled population was socioeconomically more vulnerable than the average Indian population. There was not much variation in the types of foods consumed daily across target groups, with diet being predominantly cereal (98%) and vegetable (83%) based. Nearly 30% of the mothers had low Dietary Diversity Scores, compared with 25% of pregnant women and 24% of adolescent girls. In each target group, more than half of the respondents were unable to meet the Minimum Dietary Diversity score of at least five of ten food groups consumed daily. Irrespective of their background characteristics, mean Dietary Diversity Scores were significantly lower in Bihar than in Chhattisgarh and Odisha for all target groups. Having at least 6 years of education, belonging to a relatively rich household and possessing a ration card predicted mean dietary diversity. Project interventions of participatory women’s group meetings improved mean Dietary Diversity Scores for mothers and adolescent girls. Considering the association between poverty and dietary diversity, the linkage between girls and women and nutrition-focused livelihoods and supplementary nutrition programmes needs to be tested.

scholarly journals Prevalence and socio-economic determinants of inadequate dietary diversity among adolescent girls and boys in Bangladesh: findings from a nationwide cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽  
Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽  
Mehedi Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
Context Specific

Abstract Malnutrition among adolescents is often associated with inadequate dietary diversity (DD). We aimed to explore the prevalence of inadequate DD and its socio-economic determinants among adolescent girls and boys in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the 2018–19 round of national nutrition surveillance in Bangladesh. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the determinants of inadequate DD among adolescent girls and boys separately. This population-based survey covered eighty-two rural, non-slum urban and slum clusters from all divisions of Bangladesh. A total of 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys were interviewed. The overall prevalence of inadequate DD was higher among girls (55⋅4 %) than the boys (50⋅6 %). Moreover, compared to boys, the prevalence of inadequate DD was higher among the girls for almost all socio-economic categories. Poor educational attainment, poor maternal education, female-headed household, household food insecurity and poor household wealth were associated with increased chances of having inadequate DD in both sexes. In conclusion, more than half of the Bangladeshi adolescent girls and boys consumed an inadequately diversified diet. The socio-economic determinants of inadequate DD should be addressed through context-specific multisectoral interventions.

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