Operation of the Technicon Flame Photometer with Natural Gas Use in the Determination of Serum Lithium and the Semi-Micro Analysis of Serum Sodium and Potassium

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald B Nevius ◽  
Gerard F Lanchantin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Flame Photometer ◽  
System A ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

Abstract Natural gas was substituted for propane gas in the oxygen-fuel mixture supplying the Technicon AutoAnalyzer flame photometer. This was accomplished by the use of a 1/3-hp rotary pump and attached manifold, which compressed the gas from the city line and supplied it at a constant pressure to the burner module of the system. A method for the automatic analysis of serum Li was devised by using K as an internal standard and comparing the output of the Li-sensitive photo-cell with that of an attenuated K-sensitive cell. In addition, a simple procedure was incorporated into the routine determination of serum Na and K: samples of insufficient volume were diluted in a solution of known electrolyte concentration, which permitted their quantitation without changing the tubing manifold or other operating components of the system.

Capillary Gas Chromatographic Determination of Thiabendazole in Citrus and Apple Juices

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1293-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuo Oishi ◽  
Kazuo Onishi ◽  
Itsu Kano ◽  
Hiroyuki Nakazawa ◽  
Shinzo Tanabe
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Juice Sample ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract A rapid and simple procedure for the determination of thiabendazole (TBZ) residue in citrus and apple juices is described. A juice sample is made basic with 2M NaOH and applied to a disposable Extrelut prepacked column. TBZ is eluted with hexane–ethyl acetate (3 + 1) from the column. The eluate is evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and then dissolved in an internal standard solution. TBZ is monitored without derivatization by capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. The recoveries of TBZ added to fruit juices at 0.05-1.0 μg/g were 90-96%. The limit of detection of the method for TBZ was 0.01 μg/g. The proposed method is rapid, simple, and sensitive and is applicable to the determination of TBZ in commercial fruit juices.

A Simple Procedure for the Determination of Carbamazepine in Plasma by High Pressure-Liquid Chromatography

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Johnston ◽  
G. H. Lester
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Initial Results

We describe a simple, rapid procedure for the estimation of carbamazepine in plasma. Protein is precipitated, and extraction is achieved by the addition of acetonitrile containing the internal standard N-acetyltryptophan ethyl ester. Separation is by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography with an acetonitrile: water mobile phase, and detection is by UV absorption at 280 nm. Total retention time is less than 7 minutes. Initial results gave within-batch and between-batch coefficients of variation of less than 2 %, and mean recovery of 97 %. The method is free from interference by other common anticonvulsant drugs.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of Propionic Acid in Bread and Cake

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
Kenji Isshiki ◽  
Shusaku Tsumura ◽  
Tadao Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
System A ◽  
Glass Column

Abstract A simple and accurate method is presented for gasliquid chromatographic (GLC) determination of propionic acid in bakery products. Propionic acid is extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane and formic acid to which isobutyric acid has been added as an internal standard. The extract is injected directly into the GLC system. A glass column packed with 5% SP-1000 is used. The simplicity and convenience of the method make it suitable for routine determination.

Improved sample preparation in determination of urinary metanephrines by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
R N Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Boiling Water Bath ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Urinary Metanephrines

Abstract In this relatively simple procedure for extracting metanephrines from urine, after an internal standard (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamine in 1 mmol/L HCl) is added, the sample is hydrolyzed in a boiling water bath, then treated with ammonia and alumina. Excess ammonia is removed under reduced pressure and the sample is applied to a 1-mL Bond Elut SCX column, which is washed, and metanephrines and internal standard are eluted with 0.5 mmol/L sodium acetate/acetonitrile (3/1 by vol). Of this elute, 5 microL is injected into a 15 cm x 4.6 mm (i.d.) column packed with 5-microns octadecylsilyl silica particles, which is eluted with a mobile phase containing tetramethylammonium perchlorate. Peaks are detected coulometrically at +0.28 V. In the resulting chromatogram, metanephrines give sharp peaks, well resolved from peaks for solvent and internal standard. There are no extraneous peaks for catechols or mono-oxygenated phenylethylamines. Results correlated well (r = 0.999, n = 13) with those by earlier described liquid-chromatography.

Evaluation of Silica and Polar Bonded Columns for Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Temephos Formulations

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-579
Author(s):  
Dwight L Mount ◽  
James W Miles
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
System A ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract In the course of development of an HPLC method for determination of temephos in technical grade temephos and its formulations, a variety of columns and solvent systems were evaluated. Three satisfactory methods evolved and were evaluated for reproducibility, convenience, cost, and optimum resolution of active ingredient from possible impurities. After consideration of advantages and disadvantages of each system, a method based on the use of a silica gel column eluted with ethyl acetate-hexane (10 + 90) and p-nitrophenyl p-nitrobenzoate as internal standard was selected for testing in an international collaborative trial.

A Predictive Approach for the Flammability Limits of Methane-Nitrogen Mixtures

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Wierzba ◽  
G. A. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Flammability Limits ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Predictive Approach ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Good Agreement

The present contribution describes a relatively simple procedure for predicting the lean and rich flammability limits of methane-nitrogen mixtures in air from a knowledge of the composition of the fuel mixture and the corresponding limit for methane. It is shown that this approach can be extended similarly to consider the limits of natural gas-nitrogen mixtures yielding relatively good agreement with experimental values over a relatively wide range of composition and pressure.

A COMPARISON OF THE METHOD OF FLAME PHOTOMETRY WITH THE CHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CATIONS IN TISSUES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-337
Author(s):  
J. S. Barlow ◽  
J. F. Manery
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Concentration ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Optimal Rate ◽  
Flame Photometry ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Flame Photometer ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Gas Pressures

A procedure has been described whereby the Perkin-Elmer flame photometer, Model 52A, can be used to analyze 10 ml. of a solution of ashed biological materials, the solution containing 0.5 m.e. of sodium or potassium per liter. The lithium concentration used for the internal standard, the optimal rate of flow through the atomizer, the air and gas pressures, and cation interferences are discussed. Applying the modifications and precautions adopted in this laboratory the results of photometer analyses of tissues and serum were shown to compare favorably with those obtained from well-established chemical methods. The merits and demerits of both procedures are outlined.

Perencanaan Sistem Pengurangan Sampah Permukiman Bantaran Sungai Cidurian Kota Bandung

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raka Maulana ◽  
Yulianti Pratama ◽  
Lina Apriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Inorganic Waste ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
The City

<p>Some areas in the city of Bandung is an area that dilitasi by the flow of the river, to prevent the introduction of garbage into the river basin is necessary to note the waste management systems in residential areas along the river. Cidurian river has a length of 24.86 Km along the river flow. Consists of the city of Bandung and Bandung regency. Administrative regions Cidurian River past eight (8) districts, from the region in the District Kiaracondong precisely Village Babakan Babakan Sari and Surabaya populous and the most densely populated. Thus, there should be community-based waste management in the form of a reduction in resources to prevent potential entry of waste into the river basin. Planning waste reduction will be divided into two, namely the reduction of inorganic waste with waste bank then the reduction of organic waste with absorption holes biopori, and bio reactor mini determination of the reduction is determined by the results of the analysis of the sampling covers the composition and garbage, then the result of the measurement characteristics test and analysis results questionnaire.</p>

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