The Estimation of Magnesium in Plasma, Muscle and Bone, by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 979-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men

Abstract The use of the EEL 140 atomic absorption spectrophotometer for the determination of magnesium in plasma, skeletal muscle, and bone is described together with an examination of the pattern of chemical interference in each type of sample. The sampling procedure and preparation of each kind of sample for analysis is detailed, and recovery studies on plasma bone and muscle are presented. The mean value for plasma magnesium in 42 normal men and women was 2.16 mg/100 ml ± SD of 0.08. For 30 male Wistar strain rats, the plasma value was 2.10 mg/100 ml ± SD of 0.18. In 15 normal postmortem human muscle samples, the mean magnesium content was found to be 93 mg/100 g of dry muscle, the series range being between 83 and 101 mg/100 g. The comparable value in 49 male rats was 125 mg/100 g dry weight ± SD 1.8. Bone magnesium in femur diaphysis of 20 male rats (average weight 200 g) was 563 mg/100 g dry weight ± SD 12.7. It is concluded that this instrument, when operated in the manner suggested in our study, is technically easy to use, and gives precise, sensitive, and reproducible results for magnesium in a variety of biologic material.

scholarly journals A PROCEDURE FOR THE USE OF ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY IN QUANTITATIVE HISTOCHEMISTRY

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS H. ROSENQUIST ◽  
JUDITH W. ROSENQUIST
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Precipitation Reaction ◽  
Colloidal Iron ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Ready Availability

In this quantitative histochemical study, tissues were sectioned, then stained with procedures that conferred a metallic precipitate. Sections were photographed, removed from the slides, air-dried and weighed and then dissolved in acid and the metal content analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The stains used in this study were the Alcian Blue (copper phthalocyanin) critical electrolyte concentration procedure on sections of the heart and duodenum from young male rats, colloidal iron on sections of the kidney from adolescent and senescent rats, silver impregnation on sections of the kidney of adolescent and senescent rats and an adenosine triphosphatase lead precipitation reaction on sections of the liver, kidney and heart from adolescent and senescent mice. The objective data obtained by the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometry, reported as micrograms of metal per milligram of dry weight of tissue, allowed statistical analysis of any differences in stain intensity of metallic dyes or metal-precipitating histochemical reactions. Attributes of atomic absorption spectrophotometry which make it desirable for use in this application include accuracy, ease of operation, low cost and ready availability.

Atomic absorption spectrophotometry of chromium in serum and urine with a modified Perkin-Elmer 603 atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2151-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Kayne ◽  
G Komar ◽  
H Laboda ◽  
R E Vanderlinde
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
Near Ultraviolet ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Handling Technique ◽  
Tungsten Halogen Lamp ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract Modification of a Perkin-Elmer 603 atomic absorption spectrophotometer by adding a high-intensity tungsten-halogen lamp for background correction significantly improved the detection limit for elements that have analytical wavelengths in the near-ultraviolet and visible regions. Chromium in human serum and urine can be measured, with a simplified sample-handling technique, in concentrations of less than 0.1 microgram/liter. For comparison, the mean value for chromium in the serum of eight men was 0.14 microgram/liter.

Optimized atomic absorption spectrophotometry of calcium in erythrocytes.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2004-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nomoto ◽  
S Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Graphite Tube ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract We sought to establish optimum conditions for measuring calcium in erythrocytes by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The conditions we selected are as follows. Wash one volume of fresh heparin-treated packed cells once with 30 volumes of isotonic buffered saline (pH 7.4) at a temperature somewhat exceeding 25 degrees C. Dilute the washed packed cells 10-fold with 12 mmol/L hydrochloric acid, and analyze the supernate for calcium. Measure the hematocrit of the washed packed cells, then analyze an aliquot of them for calcium, using a computer-readout type of flame or a non-flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a pyrocoated graphite tube. The temperature program is 1000 degrees C for ashing [corrected] and 1800 degrees C for the atomizing cycle. Intraday and day-to-day reproducibility of the assay was 6.55% and 8.19%, respectively, at the mean concentration of calcium in the erythrocytes of healthy adults, which is 4.30 mumol/L.

Determination of Iron in Serum or Plasma by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 338-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis O Rodgerson ◽  
Ray E Helfer
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Colorimetric Procedure ◽  
Measured Volume

Abstract The determination of serum iron has been shown to be feasible by the use of a modified single-beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The effect of interfering substances is eliminated by the use of standards prepared in physiological concentrations of protein. Average percentage recovery of added iron was 97.9 with an over-all coefficient of variation of 1.6%. Disparities between samples due to the effect of unequal viscosities and flow rates were overcome by the integration of the record curve generated by a measured volume of sample. Comparison between the method presented and a colorimetric procedure gave a higher mean value and normal range for plasma quantitated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

Inorganic Bromide in Higher Fungi

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 863-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Stijve
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract A total of 138 samples of higher fungi, representing 35 species (15 belonging to the genus Amanita), were analysed for the trace element bromine using spectrophotometric and gas chromatographic methods. High concentrations of bromine, up to 100 mg/kg on dry weight, were encountered in Amanitaceae, especially in members of the subsections Phalloideae and Eu-Amanita, whereas in other fungi the mean value for this element was only 3,3 m g/kg. Some bromine-accumulating Amanitas also contained unusually high chlorine levels. Am axi­mum concentration of 3 percent on dry weight was measured in A. phalloides. It could be demonstrated that most, if not all of bromine and chlorine was present in the fungi as ionisable inorganic salts. Two organochlorine metabolites, previously reported in some mushrooms, were absent in A. phalloides and A. muscaria.

scholarly journals Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc Contents of Fish Marketed in NW Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín G. Frías-Espericueta ◽  
Francia K. G. Zamora-Sarabia ◽  
J. Isidro Osuna-López ◽  
María D. Muy-Rangel ◽  
Werner Rubio-Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fish Muscles ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Nw Mexico ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Copper Lead

To assess if they were within the safety limits for human consumption, the Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents of fish muscles, bought from separate stalls of the fish markets of nine cities of NW Mexico, were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Considering all fish and markets, the mean contents were Zn:23.23±5.83, Cu:1.72±0.63, Cd:0.27±0.07, and Pb:0.09±0.04 µg/g (dry weight). Cu, Zn, and Pb did not reach levels of concern for human consumption, but the high Cd values determined in Mazatlán (Mugil cephalus:0.48±0.15;Diapterusspp.:0.57±0.33;Lutjanusspp.:0.72±0.12; small shark:0.87±0.19 µg/g dry weight) indicate that this was the only metal of concern for human health because the daily individual consumption of fish muscle to reach the PTDI would be within 0.27 and 0.41 kg.

scholarly journals The effect of moderately and severely restricted dietary magnesium intakes on bone composition and bone metabolism in the rat

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Creedon ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Kevin Cashman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Restricted Group

Forty 3-week-old male rats, Wistar strain, average weight 59 g, were randomized by weight into five groups of eight rats each. Three groups were fedad libitumon a semi-purified diet containing (per kg) 400 (adequate), 200 (moderately Mg-restricted) or 20 (severely Mg-restricted) mg Mg for 3 weeks while two groups were pair-fed with the Mg-adequate diet in the same quantities as those consumed by the two Mg-restricted groups respectively. While weight gains and food conversion efficiency values for the Mg-restricted groups were similar to those of the corresponding pair-fed control groups, serum and kidney Mg, and femoral dry weight were reduced by 70, 7 and 9 % respectively in the severely Mg-restricted group and were unaffected in the moderately Mg-restricted group. Significant reductions were observed in urinary pyridinoline (Pyr) (by 44 and 34 %) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) levels (by 40 and 33 %) (markers of bone resorption), serum osteocalcin levels (by 46 and 28 %) (marker of bone formation), femoral Mg levels (by 52 and 14 %) and osteocalcin mRNA levels (by 46 and 22 %) compared with the corresponding pair-fed controls, in the severely and moderately Mg-restricted groups respectively, and these reductions, except for those in urinary Pyr and Dpyr, were more marked in the severely Mg-restricted group. Femoral Ca and P concentrations were unaffected by dietary Mg restriction. These results show that not only severe but also moderate dietary restriction of Mg over 21 d results in qualitative changes in bone (i.e. reduced Mg concentration) as well as in aberrant bone turnover in young growing rats (i.e. severely depressed rates of bone formation and bone resorption), which may impair bone development and bone strength.

MEASUREMENT OF CALCIUM OF MILK BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY IN THE PRESENCE OF MAJOR INGREDIENTS OF DETERGENTS1,2

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Anderson ◽  
D. B. Brooker ◽  
J. R. Fischer ◽  
E. L. Ruiz ◽  
R. T. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Sodium Gluconate ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Mean

Twelve chemical ingredients commonly used to formulate detergents were tested to determine their interferences with measurement of calcium in milk by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. For concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0% milk, the mean amounts of calcium measured for all ingredients were 0.20, 1.85, and 15.89 mg/1, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that milk accounted for 97.3% of the variation in spectrophotometric response with temperature and concentration of ingredient being of little practical importance. However, increasing the temperature caused the instrument to indicate increased amounts of calcium in solutions containing sodium metasilicate (anhydrous), EDTA plus sodium hydroxide, sodium gluconate, and phosphoric acid. Changing the concentration of ingredient did not interfere substantially with the amount of calcium measured except for sodium metasilicate (anhydrous) where an increase in concentration reduced the amount of calcium measured. From the data it can be concluded that an atomic absorption spectrophotometer shows considerable promise for use in monitoring removal of residue from a milk contact surface.

scholarly journals Studi Adaptasi Ikan Seluang (Rasbora agryotaenia) Berdasarkan Tahap Domestikasi dari Perairan Sebangau

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Tania Serezova Augusta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
The Mean

This study aims to determine the adaptation of Seluang fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) based on the domestication stage of Sebangau waters. This research started in January until February 2018. The research method used is a survey and experimental observation. The size of the tarpaulin pond used for domestication is 2 x 3 m, with a water height of 30 cm. The number of fish sampled is 200 heads. Feed is given as much as 5% of the total weight of the fish kept, feeding done twice a day (morning and afternoon). This domestication activity is still not perfect, because only part of the life cycle of fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) can be done in the cultivation system (survival and eating commercial feed). During maintenance activities, the amount of feed used was 63.840 g with the final weight of the fish was 16.905 g. Survival rate (SR) of fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) during maintenance was 73.5% and deaths 26.5%. From the calculation is known that the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) for fish (Rasbora agryotaenia) 2.8. This domestication stage starts with the preparation of maintenance pools, fishing in nature, sorting, distribution, and maintenance. During maintenance, five samples of sample fish were taken and five times the pool water quality measurement. From the five weights of the sample fish, it is known that the average weight of the fish is kept, I = 0.003 g, II = 0.042 g, III = 0.051 g, IV = 0.082 g, V = 0.115 g. From the measurement of water quality of tarpaulin ponds, it is known that the mean value of water quality parameters, for DO ranges from 1.5 to 8.8 mg / L, the pH ranges from 5.5 to 7.2 and temperatures range from 27.4 to 27.7 0C.

scholarly journals Progress towards clover cyst nematode resistant white clover

1996 ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
J. Van den Bosch ◽  
C.F. Mercer
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean

Clover cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii) reduces growth and nutrient uptake of white clover (Trifolium repens) in New Zealand, and breeding resistant cultivars is the preferred control method for ecological and economic reasons. Resistant and susceptible selections were taken from a wide range of white clover seedlines. Selected plants were intercrossed and reselected over two cycles of selection. Cysts per gram of root dry weight (cysts/ g) was the measure of resistance used, with low cysts/g plants being more resistant. The mean cysts/ g value of the progenies from resistant parents was 69% of the mean value of the progenies from susceptible parents in the first generation, and 38% in the second generation. Root weights were similar, while the resistant selections had 58% and 34% (first and second generations respectively) of the number of cysts in the susceptible selections. There were no immune plants (0 cysts) in the first generation and only two in the second. Counts were made of cysts, eggs per cyst and eggs per plant on clones of two resistant and two susceptible genotypes. The resistant genotypes had lower counts than the susceptible genotypes in terms of cysts per plant (means of 6 cf. 108), eggs per cyst (11 cf. 21) and eggs per plant (35 cf. 1650). The differences in numbers of cysts between resistant and susceptible lines increased during two generations of selection, supporting earlier results that indicated that progress in breeding for resistance was possible. Furthermore, the resistance is also acting on clover cyst nematode egg production which would further reduce recruitment to later generations of clover cyst nematode. Keywords: breeding, Heterodera trifolii, resistance, screening, selection, Trifolium repens

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