Comparison of Five Radioimmunoassays and Enzyme Bioassay for Measurement of Digoxin in Blood

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 857-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archie A MacKinney ◽  
George H Burnett ◽  
Robert L Conklin ◽  
Gertrude W Wasson
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Dependent Atpase ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Digoxin Radioimmunoassay

Abstract Digoxin-containing sera from 86 patients were analyzed for this drug by bioassay and radioimmunoassay. Each serum was analyzed in duplicate by six procedures: inhibition of Na+-K+-dependent ATPase and five "kit" radioimmunoassays from four different commercial sources. Mean values for two of the radioimmunoassays differed significantly from those for the bioassay. One radioimmunoassay mean value was significantly different from the other five mean values. We conclude that normal values for digoxin radioimmunoassay should be determined for each kit, and should not be adopted from published data.

Metatarsus Adductus Angle in Male and Female Feet

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Domínguez ◽  
Pedro V. Munuera
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
The Other ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Metatarsus Adductus ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Background: The literature contains several techniques for calculating metatarsal adductus angle. Most common systems use the fourth metatarsal cuboid joint and the fifth metatarsal cuboid joint. Although both systems are quite different, normal values of metatarsus adductus angle have not been established with each system of measurement. Methods: Two hundred six radiographic images of feet in dorsoplantar projection were used to measure the metatarsus adductus angle using two different reference points: the joint between the fourth metatarsal and the cuboid and the joint between the fifth metatarsal and the cuboid. Results: Comparison of the results of the two measurement techniques showed significant differences (P < .05). The values of the metatarsus adductus angle also showed significant differences in men versus women (P < .05). The reliability of the measurements was checked by using an intra- and inter-evaluator test performed by two evaluators. Conclusion: Data showed the reliability of both systems of measurement, although significant differences in the metatarsal adductus angle mean value were found using these systems of measurement in the same foot. On the other hand, significant differences were found in mean values of metatarsus adductus angle between male and female feet. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 98(5): 364–369, 2008)

scholarly journals Study of Factors Influencing the Risk and their Relation to Credibility Theory

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Amélia Cabral ◽  
Jorge Afonso Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares Method ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Credibility Theory ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Characteristics

The study and analysis of the various factors influencing insurance risks constitutes an intricate and usually quite extensive problem. We have to consider on the one hand the nature and heterogeneity of the elements we have been able to measure, and on the other the problem of deciding—without knowing exactly what results to expect—on the types of analysis to carry out and the form in which to present the results.These difficulties, essentially stemming from the fact that we cannot easily define “a priori” a measure of influence, can be overcome only by using highly sophisticated mathematical models. The researcher must define his objectives clearly if he is to avoid spending too much of his time in exploring such models.Either for these reasons or for lack of our experience in this field we were led to the study of three models, presenting entirely different characteristics though based on the analysis and behaviour of mean value fluctuations, measured by their variances or by the least-squares method.Our first model, described in II. 1, associates the notion of influence with the notion of variance. It analyses in detail the alteration of the mean values variance, when what we refer to as a “margination” is executed in the parameter space, taking each of the parameters in turn. We start off by having n distinct parameters, reducing them by one with each step.

scholarly journals Psychosocial profile of children with pediatric malignancy and their families

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Zaky ◽  
D M A Elnasharty ◽  
R M Elhossiny
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background The diagnosis and treatment of cancer are a stressful and threatening experience, which has tremendous impact on children and their families. As advances in cancer care have led to more treatment options and longer survival for cancer patients, a focus on quality of life for patients and their families has gained. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial aspects of children with different types of pediatric cancer (newly diagnosed as well as survivors), their parents, and sibs in comparison with those with normal children. Patients and Methods This study comprised 60 children, their sibs and caregivers. They were classified into three groups. Group I which comprised 20 newly diagnosed children with cancer, their caregivers and sibs, group II which comprised 20 cancer survivors children, their caregivers and sibs, group III which comprised 20 clinically healthy children, their caregivers and sibs. All children and their sibs in this study were subjected to full history taking, thorough clinical examination, assessment of socioeconomic standard, assessment of pediatric quality of life, a battery of psychometric tests included pediatric checklist, anxiety, depression, and self- esteem scores. All caregivers were subjected to record of demographic variable, assessment of socio-economic level, assessment of anxiety, depression, and isolation score, assessment of stress and burden related to the disease itself, if any, using standardized questionnaire and assessment of quality of life. Results Mean value of DS was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in newly diagnosed cancer children and survivors compared to controls while AS and PCLS was only significantly higher (P < 0.05) in newly diagnosed cancer children compared to controls. On the other hand, mean value of IQ of newly diagnosed cancer children and survivors was significantly than controls(P < 0.05); Mean values of Child as well as the Parental Total HRQL were significantly lower in newly diagnosed and survivors compared to controls (P < 0.05) with the former significantly lower than the later. In studied sib groups, AS was significantly higher in newly diagnosed compared to survivors and controls (P < 0.05), while PCLS was only significantly higher when newly diagnosed compared to survivors. In studied parental groups, mean values of DS, AS, and SS were significantly higher(P,0.05) in newly diagnosed compared to survivors and controls. Meanwhile, IS was significantly higher in newly diagnosed compared to controls. Newly diagnosed children with cancer, their parents and sibs had significantly lower mean values of all Child HRQL subcategories. On the other hand, survivors showed only significantly lower physical and social subcategories compared to controls. In studied sib groups only sibs of newly diagnosed patients and those of survivors, had significantly lower mean value of social subcategory compared to controls. Conclusion The current study showed that newly diagnosed cancer children had severe impact on their psychosocial aspects as well as their HRQL compared to controls while survivors showed a much lesser effects. On the other hand, sibs were mainly affected socially while parents were extremely affected.

Comparison Of 125-I Fibrinogen Kinetics And Fibrinopeptide A In Patients With Disseminated Neoplasias

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mombelli ◽  
A Roux ◽  
A Haeberli ◽  
P W Straub
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
Slew Rate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Catabolic Rate

To answer the question of whether and to what extent an elevated fibrinopeptide A (FPA) or an accelerated fibrinogen turnover reflect circulating thrombin action, the effect of heparin on FPA and on 125-I fibrinogen kinetics was studied in 15 patients with disseminated neoplasias. The plasma FPA levels were grossly elevated (4.6-20, mean 12.5 ng/ml) in 6 patients with evidence of thromboembolic disease or DIC, and moderately to grossly elevated (0.4-10.4, mean 4.8 ng/ml) in most of the other patients. The FPA fall found in 10/10 patients after heparin bolus suggested that plasma FPA were reflecting thrombin action on fibrinogen. However, in several cases the slew rate of FPA decrease was consistent with localized or extravascular, rather than with circulating thrombin action.Although continuous heparin therapy normalized the FPA levels in 5 of the 6 treated patients, the acceleration of fibrinogen turnover was as important as in untreated patients (mean values in heparin treated and untreated patients: half-life t1/2: 2.85 vs 2.23 d, catabolic rate constant j3: 0.40 vs 0.48 d-1, turnover: 67.6 vs 70.2 mg/kg/d, respectively, with normal values of t1/2: 3.78-4.57 d, j3: 0.22-0.33 d-1, turnover 16.6-26.6 mg/kg/d). The comparison between data of the FPA-RIA and fibrinogen kinetics suggests that mechanisms other than thrombin-mediated fibrin formation substantially contributed to increase the fibrinogen turnover. It is concluded that the results of the FPA-RIA and of the 125-I fibrinogen kinetics have to be interpreted with caution in the diagnosis of low-grade or compensated intravascular coagulation.

scholarly journals Tendencias del desarrollo regional en el nuevo entorno económico de México. Un análisis por entidades federativas, 1990-2000 / Trends in Regional Development in the Mexico’s New Economic Environment. A State-by-state Analysis, 1990-2000

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Maldonado Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
State Analysis

En este trabajo se indaga si la apertura de la economía mexicana ha producido convergencia del desarrollo regional. Se utilizan las entidades federativas como unidad de observación y se establece su grado de desarrollo considerando los valores medios y la distribución de escolaridad, salud e ingreso per cápita.Un hallazgo del trabajo es que cuanto más alto es el valor medio de las variables, más igualitariamente tienden a distribuirse. El otro hallazgo es que no se observa convergencia. El trabajo concluye con una breve discusión de los factores que pueden influir en las perspectivas de la convergencia. AbstractThis article analyzes whether the liberalization of the Mexican economy has produced a convergence of regional development. The states are used as units of observation and their degree of development is determined on the basis of the mean values and distribution of schooling, health and per capita income.One of the study’s findings is that the higher the mean value of the variables, the more equally they tend to be distributed. The other finding is that no convergence is observed. The study concludes with a brief discussion of the factors that may influence the perspectives of convergence.

scholarly journals Uncertainties Analysis of Collapse Susceptibility Prediction Based on Remote Sensing and GIS: Influences of Different Data-Based Models and Connections between Collapses and Environmental Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4134
Author(s):  
Wenbin Li ◽  
Xuanmei Fan ◽  
Faming Huang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Haoyuan Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Information Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Large Standard Deviation ◽  
Average Rank

To study the uncertainties of a collapse susceptibility prediction (CSP) under the coupled conditions of different data-based models and different connection methods between collapses and environmental factors, An’yuan County in China with 108 collapses is used as the study case, and 11 environmental factors are acquired by data analysis of Landsat TM 8 and high-resolution aerial images, using a hydrological and topographical spatial analysis of Digital Elevation Modeling in ArcGIS 10.2 software. Accordingly, 20 coupled conditions are proposed for CSP with five different connection methods (Probability Statistics (PSs), Frequency Ratio (FR), Information Value (IV), Index of Entropy (IOE) and Weight of Evidence (WOE)) and four data-based models (Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), C5.0 Decision Tree (C5.0 DT) and Random Forest (RF)). Finally, the CSP uncertainties are assessed using the area under receiver operation curve (AUC), mean value, standard deviation and significance test, respectively. Results show that: (1) the WOE-based models have the highest AUC accuracy, lowest mean values and average rank, and a relatively large standard deviation; the mean values and average rank of all the FR-, IV- and IOE-based models are relatively large with low standard deviations; meanwhile, the AUC accuracies of FR-, IV- and IOE-based models are consistent but higher than those of the PS-based model. Hence, the WOE exhibits a greater spatial correlation performance than the other four methods. (2) Among all the data-based models, the RF model has the highest AUC accuracy, lowest mean value and mean rank, and a relatively large standard deviation. The CSP performance of the RF model is followed by the C5.0 DT, MLR and AHP models, respectively. (3) Under the coupled conditions, the WOE-RF model has the highest AUC accuracy, a relatively low mean value and average rank, and a high standard deviation. The PS-AHP model is opposite to the WOE-RF model. (4) In addition, the coupled models show slightly better CSP performances than those of the single data-based models not considering connect methods. The CSP performance of the other models falls somewhere in between. It is concluded that the WOE-RF is the most appropriate coupled condition for CSP than the other models.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO ULTRA-SONOGRÁFICA DO FETO E DO MEIO INTRA-UTERINO DURANTE O ÚLTIMO MÊS DE GESTAÇÃO EM ÉGUAS PURO SANGUE INGLÊS (PSI)

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. TULLIO ◽  
L.E. KOZICKI ◽  
A.W.C. SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fetal Activity ◽  
The Mean

Com o objetivo de avaliar o diâmetro da aorta fetal, freqüência cardíaca fetal, atividade fetal, ecogenicidade dos líquidos alantóide amniótico e espessura da unidade feto-placentária, trinta e oito éguas Puro-Sangue Inglês (PSI) com gestações saudáveis foram examinadas por ultra-sonografia. O valor médio da freqüência cardíaca fetal variou de 73,05 ± 2,99 bat/min aos 300-330 dias de gestação para 70,05 ± 1,88 bat/min a partir de 330 dias de gestação. O valor médio do diâmetro da aorta fetal foi 23,69 ± 1,66 mm e a média da atividade fetal foi 2,03 ± 0,19. A espessura da unidade feto-placentária apresentou valores médios de 8,70 ± 0,92 mm para 300-330 dias, e 9,57 ± 0,49 mm para 330 dias até o parto. O valor médio para a ecogenicidade do líquido amniótico foi 1,96 ± 0,27, e para o líquido alantóide foi 1 ± 0. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetus and intrauterine environment in the last month of pregnancy in thoroughbred mares Abstract Thirty eight thoroughbred mares with normal pregnancies were subjected to transabdominal and transrectal sonography from 300 days of gestation up to the term in order to evaluated fetals aortic diameter, heart rate and activity, as well as the amniotic and allantoic fluids ecogenicity and the thickness of the uterus and placenta unit. The mean fetal heart rate values varied from 73,05 ± 2,99 beats/minute at 300-330 days of pregnancy to 70,05 ± 1,88 beats/minute from 330 days of pregnancy up to the term. The mean value for fetal aortic diameter was 23,69 ± 1,66 mm and for fetal activity was 2,03 ± 0,19. The uterus and placenta thickness displayed mean values of 8,70 ± 0,92 mm and 9,57 ± 0,49 mm at 300-330 days of pregnancy mm and at 330 days of pregnancy up to the term, respectively. The mean values for amniotic fluid ecogenicity and for allantoic fluid were found to be 1,96 ± 0,27 and 1,0, respectively. These evaluations can be used as normal values in order to evaluate fetal well-being.

Problems of species and the features of geographical distribution in colonial volvocine algae (Chlorophyta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-311
Author(s):  
A. G. Desnitskiy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Species Problem ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Volvocine Algae ◽  
Cryptic Taxa

More than ten new species of colonial volvocine algae were described in world literature during recent years. In present review, the published data on taxonomy, geographical distribution and the species problem in this group of algae, mainly from the genera Gonium, Pandorina, Eudorina, and Volvox, are critically discussed. There are both cosmopolitan volvocalean species and species with local or disjunct distribution. On the other hand, the description of new cryptic taxa in some genera of the colonial family Volvocaceae, such as Pandorina and Volvox, complicates the preparation of a comprehensive review on their geography.

Seasonal trends in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater runoff in a subarctic catchment at Okstindan, Norway

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Gurney ◽  
D.S.L. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Meltwater Runoff ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Δ18o And Δd

Seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater were investigated in a sub-arctic, mountainous, but non-glacial, catchment at Okstindan in northern Norway based on analyses of δ18O and δD. Samples were collected during four field periods (August 1998; April 1999; June 1999 and August 1999) at three sites lying on an altitudinal transect (740–970 m a.s.l.). Snowpack data display an increase in the mean values of δ18O (increasing from a mean value of −13.51 to −11.49‰ between April and August), as well as a decrease in variability through the melt period. Comparison with a regional meteoric water line indicates that the slope of the δ18O–δD line for the snowpacks decreases over the same period, dropping from 7.49 to approximately 6.2.This change points to the role of evaporation in snowpack ablation and is confirmed by the vertical profile of deuterium excess. Snowpack seepage data, although limited, also suggest reduced values of δD, as might be associated with local evaporation during meltwater generation. In general, meltwaters were depleted in δ18O relative to the source snowpack at the peak of the melt (June), but later in the year (August) the difference between the two was not statistically significant. The diurnal pattern of isotopic composition indicates that the most depleted meltwaters coincide with the peak in temperature and, hence, meltwater production.

Removal of Trace Metals From Wastewater by Activated Carbon

1973 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
A. Netzer ◽  
J.D. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
The Other ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
Nickel Silver ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Carbon Treatment ◽  
Cobalt Copper

Abstract The merits of activated carbon for removal of organic compounds from wastewater have been well documented in the literature. On the other hand there is a lack of published data on the use of activated carbon for the removal of trace metals from wastewater. Experiments were designed to assess the possibility that activated carbon treatment would remove aluminum, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, silver and zinc from wastewater. All metals studied were tested over the pH range 3-11. Greater than 99.5% removal was achieved by pH adjustment and activated carbon treatment for most of the metals tested.

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