Seasonal trends in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater runoff in a subarctic catchment at Okstindan, Norway

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Gurney ◽  
D.S.L. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Meltwater Runoff ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Δ18o And Δd

Seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater were investigated in a sub-arctic, mountainous, but non-glacial, catchment at Okstindan in northern Norway based on analyses of δ18O and δD. Samples were collected during four field periods (August 1998; April 1999; June 1999 and August 1999) at three sites lying on an altitudinal transect (740–970 m a.s.l.). Snowpack data display an increase in the mean values of δ18O (increasing from a mean value of −13.51 to −11.49‰ between April and August), as well as a decrease in variability through the melt period. Comparison with a regional meteoric water line indicates that the slope of the δ18O–δD line for the snowpacks decreases over the same period, dropping from 7.49 to approximately 6.2.This change points to the role of evaporation in snowpack ablation and is confirmed by the vertical profile of deuterium excess. Snowpack seepage data, although limited, also suggest reduced values of δD, as might be associated with local evaporation during meltwater generation. In general, meltwaters were depleted in δ18O relative to the source snowpack at the peak of the melt (June), but later in the year (August) the difference between the two was not statistically significant. The diurnal pattern of isotopic composition indicates that the most depleted meltwaters coincide with the peak in temperature and, hence, meltwater production.

scholarly journals Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve as a Donor Source for Digital Nerve Grafting: A Concept Revisited

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bekir Unal ◽  
Kemal Gokkus ◽  
Evrim Sirin ◽  
Eren Cansü
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cutaneous Nerve ◽  
Digital Nerve ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Time

Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the availability of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) autograft for acute or delayed repair of segmented digital nerve injuries. Patients and Methods: 13 digital nerve defects of 11 patients; treated with interposition of LACN graft that harvested from ipsilateral extremity were included in the study. Mean follow up period was 35, 7 months. The mean time from injury to grafting is 53, 3 days. The results of the mean 2PDT and SWMT values of injured /uninjured finger at the end of follow up period were evaluated with Paired T test. The correlation between the defect length and the difference of 2PDT, SWMT values between the uninjured and injured finger at the end of follow up period; were evaluated with Pearson - correlation analysis. Results: The mean value of our 2PDT and SWMT results are ~5,923, ~3, 52, respectively in which can be interpreted between the normal and diminished light touch. The defect length and difference percentage of SWMT values is positively and significantly correlated statistically. Mean length of interposed nerve grafts was 18.5 mm. The age of the patient and the mean values of 2PDT and SWMT with the difference % of 2PDT and % of SWMT are not statistically correlated. Conclusion: Based on results regarding sensory regaining at recipient side and negligible sensory deficit at harvesting side, we suggest that lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve might be a valuable graft option for digital nerve defects.

Effect of Erythropoietin on Platelet Function and Glycoprotein Expression in Patients with MDS.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3993-3993
Author(s):  
Fotis F.I. Girtovitis ◽  
Dimitrios D. Bougiouklis ◽  
Michel M.P. Makris ◽  
Elefteria E. Pithara ◽  
Pantelis P.E. Makris
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Recombinant Erythropoietin ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Human Recombinant Erythropoietin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aim: We decide to study the effect of erythropoietin on the platelet function and glycoproteins expression in patients (pts) with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). All patients suffered from primary MDS but none of them received any special treatment. From our study pts that suffered from diseases or they were receiving medication that affect the function of platelets were excluded. Furthermore pts with platelet count<50,000/μl were excluded also because we were unable to check the aggregation of platelets. Material: 41 subjects were studied, 15 normal subject (10 men and 5 women mean age 66,6±14 years old)and 26 pts (17 men and 9 women with mean age70,9±7,4 years old) suffered from all types of MDS according to FAB criteria (9 with RA, 3 with RARS, 7 RAEB, 4 with CMML and 3 with RAEB-t). We divided them in 2 groups: 1st - 7 Pts receiving human recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) with mean dose 30.000 iu subcutaneous weekly and 2nd - 19 without rEPO. Methods. 1- The platelet function was studied in Platelet Ionized Calcium Aggregometer (PICA) using Ristocetin, ADP, Collagen and Adrenalin as stimulators. 2- The expression of platelet glycoproteins (GPIb, IX, IIb, IIIa and P-selectin) was studied using the flow cytometry and special monoclonal antibodies. This way the percentage of glycoprotein expressed in platelet membrane and MFI were estimated. We performed the statistical analysis of our results using the t-test with common standard deviation.. Results: our results concerning the aggregation test and flow cytometry are presented in tables 1,2 and 3. From the study of our results we can see that while the decrease of aggregation between the patients under EPO and normal subjects is statistically non significant (p<0.1)the decrease of the corresponding values between the pts that did not received EPO and normal subjects was statistically very significant for all stimulators (p <0,001). pts under EPO show an important increase of platelet expressing GPIIb percentage grater than the expressed percentage of patients without EPO (60% vs. 46,1% correspondingly, p<0.001). The difference of expressed MFI was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The findings of our study show us that erythropoietin improves the function of platelets in patients with MDS, probably through the increase of platelet percentage which express glycoproteins. Table 1 Comparison of the mean value of aggregation between the groups Table 2 Comparison of the mean values of the platelets expressing corresponding glycoproteins percentage between the groups Table 3 Comparison of the mean value of MFI between the groups

Role of Five Synthetic Reaction Conditions on the Stable Isotopic Composition of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (13) ◽  
pp. 5484-5489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary A. S. Buchanan ◽  
Niamh Nic Daéid ◽  
William J. Kerr ◽  
James F. Carter ◽  
Jenny C. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Synthetic Reaction

SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVELS IN THE NEWBORN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-974
Author(s):  
Constantine S. Anast
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Breast Fed

Two hundred and thirty-eight determinations of serum magnesium levels during the first 4 days of life were carried out on 78 infants. No statistically significant differences were found when these values were compared to those determined in 111 older children and adults. Differences in mean values between any of the first 5 days were not statistically significant nor were any significant differences found when the values of each day were compared with the mean value of older children and adults or the mean value of the cord bloods. The mean values on days 3, 4, and 5 were higher in breast-fed infants than in infants fed evaporated milk. Higher values in breast-fed infants and lower values in evaporated-milk-fed infants on days 3 and 4 when compared to day 1 in the same infant were found in a significant number of cases. The possibility that the observed differences in these two groups of infants may be related to the difference in phosphate to magnesium ratio in cow's milk as compared to human milk is discussed. Further investigation of this problem is needed before definite conclusions can be drawn.

The Body Feature Study of Young Women from Northeastern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 567-570
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xiao Jiu Li ◽  
Xiao Mei Chen ◽  
Tong Yao ◽  
Li Pan
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
The Body ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Width Direction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

This study aims to investigate the anthropometric feature of young women aged between 18 and 25 from Northeastern China, and compare the difference between the young Northeastern China women and the national adult females. More than 400 young Northeastern China women were measured, and the body data were collected by mix-measurement of 3D scanner and manual method, and the main sizes were extracted to descript the total anthropometric characterizes. The high mean value of the Northeastern young women is 162.3 CM, which is 5.75 CM higher than the national adult females. In the high direction, the other mean values of the samples are variously higher than the national adult females. Overall, the young Northeastern China women are taller than the national adult females and well proportioned. In the width direction, the mean values of bust, waist and neck of the 18-25 years old young women are larger than the national adult females, except the hip.

scholarly journals Analysis of Thermodynamic Parameter Variability in a Chamber of a Furnace for Thermo-Chemical Treatment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2903
Author(s):  
Magda Joachimiak
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cylinder Length ◽  
Unsteady Heat Conduction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relative Differences

This paper presents results of research on unevenness of cylinder heating in a furnace for thermo-chemical treatment. Experimental research was conducted with respect to nitriding. Various heating speeds and settings of the fan operation in the furnace were considered. Boundary conditions were calculated in the form of temperature and the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) on the cylinder boundary in four planes along the cylinder length. Calculations were performed with the use of the inverse problem for non-linear and unsteady heat conduction equations. Boundary conditions from individual planes were compared with the mean value of them all. The variability of the calculated boundary conditions (temperature and HTC) along the cylinder length was investigated based on values of the absolute and relative differences for temperature and HTC. Estimates: mean value, mean value from the absolute value and the maximum values for the absolute and the relative differences of temperature and HTC were also calculated. Estimates were the measurements of the unevenness of cylinder heating in a furnace for thermo-chemical treatment. Based on the results of our research, it was found that an increase of the fan rotational speed from 50% to 100%, with the same heating speed, resulted in a significant leveling of temperature in the analyzed planes. The difference in temperature along the cylinder length was reduced from 6.8 °C to 3.3 °C. The increase of the heating speed from 5 °C/min to 10 °C/min resulted in an increase of the unevenness of the cylinder heating. Values of the absolute differences of temperature in the analyzed planes with reference to the mean temperature changed from an interval from −2.7 °C to 2.3 °C to a range from −4 °C to 5 °C. In processes with a heating speed greater than 5 °C/min, more intensive heating in the end part of the cylinder (close to the cylinder) was achieved than it was in other planes. It was proven by temperature values, which were higher, even, by 5.4 °C, and by HTC values, higher by 11.4 W/m2K, when compared with mean values. Obtained results can form the basis for nitriding process optimization.

MO607THE EFFECT OF VITAMINE E ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Azouaou toualbi ◽  
Medina Arab ◽  
Chahine Toualbi ◽  
Khelfi Abderrezak ◽  
Henni Chader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background and Aims Oxidative stress represents a risk factor for cardiovascular complications . The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin E on cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis patients. Method a study including 420 patients on hemodialysis and 360 controls. Treatment with Vit E at a rate of 300 mg / day for 2 years. All patients benefited from a blood sample of oxidative stress markers as well as paraclinical explorations in search of cardiovascular complications. Results The study grouped together 780 cases. We find that there is a significant relationship between cardiovascular complications and Advanced Oxidation Protein Product (AOPP), Low Density Oxidized Lipoprotein (LDLox), Malondialdehydes (MDA) and Gluthations), we did not find any correlation with nitrogen monoxide (NO) and myeloperoxidases (MPO) .Concerning gluthations (IU / ml ) we observe that the mean values clearly increased after treatment (P-value <0.05) . The mean value of MDA µmol / l significantly decreased after treatment .we note that the cardiovascular complications have decreased (11.03% versus 16.04%) with the decrease in certain markers of oxidative stress. (p > 0.05) Conclusion Regarding cardiovascular complications, we have certainly noticed a drop in their frequency after treatment with vit E without the difference being significant.

scholarly journals Abstract of Paper on the Diurnal Range of Temperature Variability at the Summit and Base of Ben Nevis, Lady Franklin Bay, and Hong Kong

1902 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 528-531
Author(s):  
R. C. Mossman
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Hourly Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Temperature Records

The average variability of temperature at any place is obtained by taking the difference of temperature at the same hour on successive days, and taking the mean value of this difference irrespective of sign. With a view to ascertaining whether this variability varied with the hour selected for comparison, the hourly temperature records at four places have been examined, and the day to day change of temperature at each hour noted. The places are—the Ben Nevis Observatory, the Fort-William Observatory, the Hong Kong Observatory, and the Arctic Station at Lady Franklin Bay, lat. 81° 44′ N., long. 64° 45′ W. At each place one year's record was taken, which, though too short a time to give a true mean, yet gives a fair approximation towards it. The mean values for each hour of the twelve months at the four stations are given in the accompanying tables, the highest value in each month being put in heavy type and the lowest in italic.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Potential of Calprotectin for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients Withliver Cirrhosis and Ascites

PRILOZI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Fana Lichoska Josifovikj ◽  
Kalina Grivcheva Stardelova ◽  
Beti Todorovska ◽  
Magdalena Genadieva Dimitrova ◽  
Nenad Joksimovikj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious and life-threatening condition in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic potential of calprotectin in ascites, for SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites before and after antibiotic treatment and to compare the mean values of calprotectin in ascites in patients with and without SBP. This prospective-observational study was comprised of 70 patients with cirrhosis and ascites, divided into two groups, the SBP and the non-SBP group. Quantitative measurements of calprotectin in ascites was completed with the Quantum Blue Calprotectin Ascites test (LF-ASC25), using the Quantum Blue Reader. The average value of calprotectin in the SBP group was 1.5 ± 0.40 μg / mL, and in the non-SBP group it was lower (0.4 ± 0.30). The difference between the mean values was statistically significant with p <0.05. The mean value of calprotectin in ascites before therapy among the SBP group was 1.5 ± 0.4, and after antibiotic therapy, the value decreased significantly to 1.0 ± 0.6; the difference between the mean values was statistically significant with p <0.05. ROC analysis indicated that calprotectin contributed to the diagnosis of SBP with a 94.3% sensitivity rating (to correctly identify positives), and the specificity was 62.5%, which corresponded to the value of 0.275. Our research confirmed that ascitic calprotectin was a good predictor, and is significantly associated with the occurrence of SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis. By monitoring the value of calprotectin in ascites on the 7th day of antibiotic treatment, the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment in patients with SBP can be determined.

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