Single-reagent polarization fluoroimmunoassay for barbiturates in urine.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1765-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Colbert ◽  
D S Smith ◽  
J Landon ◽  
A M Sidki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Screening Techniques ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract We describe a rapid polarization fluoroimmunoassay for screening for the presence of barbiturates in urine. The single reagent is prepared by pre-mixing antiserum with a fluorescein-labeled barbiturate derivative as tracer. Use of a mixture of two sheep antisera, raised against different barbiturate immunogens, results in an assay with a broad cross-reactivity spectrum for most common barbiturates. One adds urine to the pre-mixed reagent, incubates the solution for a few minutes at room temperature, and measures the fluorescence polarization. The tracer/antiserum reagent is stable for at least six months at 4 degrees C. Results compare favorably with two other commonly used screening techniques for barbiturates, thin-layer chromatography and the EMIT-stTM (Syva) system. Although designed as a qualitative screen, some drugs can be quantified by means of a standard curve of the relevant barbiturate.

scholarly journals SINTESIS CALKON ((E)-1,3-DI(NAPHTHALEN-2-YL)PROP-2-EN-1-ONE) DAN AKTIVITASNYA SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Rahmiwati Hilma ◽  
Jasril ◽  
Hilwan Yuda Teruna
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Intermediate Compound ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Point Measurement ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Study on chalcone calkon (E)-1,3-di(naphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one synthesis have been carried out with stirrer methode. These compounds can be used as intermediate compound to synthesize others compounds which was reported having antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, anti-tumour. The of chalcones synthesis vatives were reported in acid and alkali condition. In this study, chalcone and its derivates were synthesized by using stirrer method in alkaline condition in room temperature. the compounds subjected to somes analyses including melting point measurement, thin layer chromatography and HPLC. Scavenging free radical by using DPPH methode showed Scavenging free radical with LC50 >80 μg/ml min potent activity while the ascorbat acid LC50 89,79 μg/ml.

Instability of Some TWchothecenes in Methanol

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru-Dong Wei ◽  
Fun S Chu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Acetoxy Group ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Stability of 8 trichothecenes stored in methanol at room temperature was studied by thin layer chromatography. Results indicate that the trichothecenes which bear an acetoxy group at both C3 and C4 are very susceptible to methanolysis. In the early stage, the acetoxy group at C3 is most favorable for the transesterification. All trichothecenes tested were transformed to several products after prolonged (22 days) exposure to methanol.

Pharmacokinetics of the antiprogesterone RU 486: No correlation to clinical performance of RU 486

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskari Heikinheimo ◽  
Olavi Ylikorkala ◽  
Ursula Turpeinen ◽  
Pekka Lähteenmäki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Ru 486 ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract. The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of RU 486 were characterized in 17 women who received a single dose of 600 mg of RU 486 for termination of an early unwanted pregnancy. Based on the clinical outcome and serum chorionic gonadotropin values, the subjects were divided into two groups: those who aborted completely (i.e. responders; N=13) and those who did not respond to RU 486 treatment (i.e. non-responders; N = 4). The serum levels of RU 486, the monodemethylated, didemethylated and hydroxylated metabolites of RU 486 were measured by HPLC preceded by column chromatography. There were no significant differences in the serum levels of RU 486 or its metabolites between the two groups. The serum concentrations of α1-acid glycoprotein, the binding protein for RU 486, were quantitated by immunoturbidimetry. The α1-acid glycoprotein concentrations were similar in responders and non-responders. The metabolism of RU 486 was also studied by fractionating extracts of serum pools of responders and nonresponders on thin-layer chromatography, and subsequent RIA analysis of the eluates of the sliced thin-layer chromatography. Spots with similar distribution and percentages of cross-reactivity were found in both groups on the chromatography; the results were also similar to those from a serum pool to which synthetic RU 486 and its three metabolites had been added. Hence it is concluded that failure to abort in response to RU 486 therapy is not associated with altered pharmacokinetics or metabolism of RU 486.

Evaluation of Immunoassay Methods for Detection, in Urine, of Drugs Subject to Abuse

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Mulé ◽  
M L Bastos ◽  
D Jukofsky
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Drug Assays ◽  
Abused Drugs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Results for abused drugs in urine, as obtained by radioimmunoassay (RIA), the "Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique" ("EMIT"), and hemagglutination inhibition (HI), were compared with each other, with fluorimetry, and with thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The immunoassays and fluorimetric methods were highly sensitive (30 µg/liter to 2 mg/ liter). Cross-reactivity (lack of specificity) varied with the method tested and the drug, ranging from no reaction to one exceeding that of the assay drug. The percentage of false positives for the immunoassays in comparison to TLC ranged from 3 to 31. The practical level of sensitivity for TLC, however, was only 1-5 mg/liter. False negatives were less than 2%. With the EMIT system (for those drug assays for which it is used), the total percentage of false values (negative and positive) ranged from 5 to 13. All the immunoassays were reliable within the limitations of the assay, relatively easy to use, did not require sample treatment, and several hundred samples could be analyzed during an 8-h period; but the cost was moderate to high, depending upon assay or sample volume. Judicious use of immunochemistry, spectrofluorimetry, and thin-layer chromatography to the detection of psychoactive drugs in urine permits rapid, reliable, and effective surveillance of drug use or abuse.

The reaction between 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and bromine

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 723-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia F. Currie ◽  
J. Wilson Quail ◽  
John A. Weil
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The reaction between 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and bromine in solution bas been studied at several temperatures. Despite the literature, reporting simple phenyl bromination products, a substantial yield of nitration products is observed. These have been identified by use of thin-layer chromatography, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and elemental analysis. Among various products, 2-(p-nitrophenyl)-2-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazine is a major one at room temperature and above. It is thought that this compound is formed by reaction of DPPH with NO2, displaced from ortho nitro groups in the picryl rings by bromine. Yields were found to vary, depending on experimental conditions, with the temperature and the rate of bromine addition as primary controlling factors.

Radioimmunoassay of Drugs Subject to Abuse: Critical Evaluation of Urinary Morphine—Barbiturate, Morphine, Barbiturate, and Amphetamine Assays

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore J Mulé ◽  
Eileen Whitlock ◽  
Dennis Jukofsky
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Immunoassay Technique ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Radioimmunoassays for morphine—barbiturate (MOR-BARB), morphine, barbiturate, and amphetamine were evaluated by a direct comparison with differential elution extraction thin-layer chromatography, the "enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique," and XAD-2 resin extraction thin-layer chromatography for the detection in urine of drugs subject to abuse. Statistically significant (P < 0.01) concentrations for detection were: 50-100 µg/liter for MOR-BARB; 5 µg/liter for morphine, 10 µg/liter for barbiturate, and 500 µg/liter for amphetamine. Unconfirmed and unaccounted-for radioimmunoassay positives (false) were: 0% for morphine in the radioimmunoassay for MOR-BARB and that for morphine alone; 2.8% for barbiturates in the MOR-BARB assay and that for barbiturates alone; 0-6% when a combination of these drugs was present in the MOR-BARB, morphine, or barbiturate assay; and 2.4% in the amphetamine radioimmunoassay. Less than 1% of all radioimmunoassay-negative samples were unconfirmed (false). Cross-reactivity was observed with drugs of a similar chemical structure in each of the radioimmunoassays tested. All the radioimmunoassays were easy to use, highly sensitive, and extremely reliable for detecting drug use or abuse.

Glucose Fueled Alkaline Fuel Cell

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinchas Schechner ◽  
Eugenia Bubis ◽  
Lea Mor
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cell ◽  
Electrical Behavior ◽  
Platinum Particles ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The electrical behavior of a room temperature membraneless Alkaline Fuel Cell, with incorporated platinum particles in the anode and fueled with glucose, is reported. The Open Circuit Voltage, at different initial glucose concentrations was measured. Changes on the glucose concentration with time were monitored with the dinitrosalicylic acid method. Qualitative Thin Layer Chromatography demonstrates that the electrodes induce polymerization of the glucose. The electrical yield of the system was measured with different external resistors. The Open Circuit Voltage reaches a saturation value of 0.78±0.03 V at [glu]0 > 0.67 M. During four hours in Open Circuit conditions, there is a 20% drop in the concentration of reducing sugar in the fuel cell. Thin Layer Chromatography experiments show that the electrodes catalyze non-electrochemical glucose polymerization reactions. Assuming that the glucose is oxidized to gluconic acid, the electrical yield of the system is around 5%.

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