Radioimmunoassay of prolactin in blood spotted on filter paper.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 854-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Bassett ◽  
B A Gross ◽  
C J Eastman
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Blood Spot

Abstract In this method for estimating prolactin, 50 microL of whole blood obtained by finger puncture is spotted onto filter paper and blood-spot samples are "punched out" with a 3-mm (diameter) paper punch. The blood is extracted with aqueous buffers and the prolactin measured in large batches by radioimmunoassay. Results were identical with those for prolactin in serum. Prolactin in blood spots is stable at room temperature for up to one week and for several months at -20 degrees C. This simple technique for obtaining blood samples for prolactin estimation has particular potential for field studies of lactating women.

scholarly journals Measurement of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in dried blood spots and venous blood—importance of inhibition of post-sampling formation from ethanol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Beck ◽  
Maria Mellring ◽  
Christian Löwbeer ◽  
Sabina Seferaj ◽  
Anders Helander
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Ethanol Formation ◽  
Alcohol Biomarker ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Blood Spot

AbstractPhosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a group of phospholipids formed in cell membranes following alcohol consumption by action of the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD). PEth measurement in whole blood samples is established as a specific alcohol biomarker with clinical and forensic applications. However, in blood specimens containing ethanol, formation of PEth may continue after sampling leading to falsely elevated concentrations. This study evaluated the use of dried blood spot (DBS) and microsampling specimens to avoid post-sampling formation of PEth. Filter paper cards and three commercial devices for volumetric microsampling of finger-pricked blood were assessed, using PEth-negative and PEth-positive whole blood fortified with 2 g/L ethanol. PEth (16:0/18:1) was measured by LC–MS/MS. Post-sampling formation of PEth occurred in wet blood and in the volumetric devices, but not filter paper cards, when stored at room temperature for 48 h. Addition of an inhibitor of PLD, sodium metavanadate (NaVO3), eliminated post-sampling formation during storage and drying. In conclusion, the present study confirmed previous observations that PEth can be formed in blood samples after collection, if the specimen contains ethanol. The results further demonstrated that post-sampling formation of PEth from ethanol also occurred with commercial devices for volumetric dried blood microsampling. In order for a PEth result not to be questioned, it is recommended to use a PLD inhibitor, whether venous blood is collected in a vacutainer tube or finger-pricked blood is obtained using devices for dried blood microsampling. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Gender identification in Chicken (Gallus gallus) by PCR using whole blood and dried blood spot on filter paper as template: without prior DNA isolation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dhanasekaran ◽  
G. Dhinakar Raj ◽  
A. R. Vignesh ◽  
S. T. Selvan ◽  
B. Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Gender Identification ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Blood Spot

AbstractAccurate sex identification of pure line chickens in their early age has significant economic impact in breeding industry. In the recent years, range of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based sex determination techniques are routinely used to identify the sex of parent lines in breeding industries, however purified DNA is a prerequisite. Hence this study was aimed to develop a rapid and inexpensive PCR based gender identification method for chicken using whole blood samples and dried blood spots as template for PCR without DNA extraction. In addition, practicability of two W-chromosome specific gene targets in chicken for sex determination also characterised. Successful amplification of sex specific fragments and an internal control was achieved with the range of 0.125μl and 0.250μl volume of whole blood on filter paper (~1 mm) prepared from chicken and dried blood spot. This technique does not require DNA extraction, freeze/thawing of blood samples, pre-treatment with any reagents, dilution of whole blood or dried blood spots on filter paper. It can be carried out with commercially available Taq polymerase enzymes with increased concentration of MgCl2 (3 mM) and 0.5% of DMSO without optimisation of PCR buffers. In conclusion, as compared to the existing PCR based sex identification techniques, the present approach is relatively economic, time saving, requires minimal steps and eliminates the need for DNA extraction.

Storage conditions and stability of thyrotropin and thyroid hormones on filter paper.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
K V Waite ◽  
G F Maberly ◽  
C J Eastman
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Blood Spot

Abstract We evaluated the effects of temperature and humidity on thyroid hormones (T4, T3) and thyrotropin (TSH) measured in blood spots dried on filter paper. RIAs for T4 and T3 blood spots were optimized to measure these analytes over the neonatal and euthyroid adult reference intervals. Sensitivities of the T3 and T4 assays were 0.5 and 10 nmol/L, respectively. A blood-spot immunoradiometric assay for TSH involving magnetizable particles was developed with a sensitivity of 6 milli-int. units/L. Control sera stored at -20 degrees C, 4 degrees C, room temperature, 37 degrees C, and at external ambient temperatures for 36 days showed no significant change in measured concentrations of TSH or T3 during 30 days or for T4 at -20 and 4 degrees C. T4 markedly declined in blood spots stored at room temperature (either high or low humidity), 37 degrees C, or ambient temperature. TSH and T3 in blood spots evidently are stable at temperatures likely to be encountered during storage or transport, but blood spots for T4 assay must be stored between -20 and 4 degrees C.

Prediction of haematocrit in dried blood spots from the measurement of haemoglobin using commercially available sodium lauryl sulphate

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Richardson ◽  
D Marshall ◽  
BG Keevil
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Microtitre Plate ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Fast Estimation ◽  
Plate Reader ◽  
Elisa Plate ◽  
Edta Blood

Background When preparing dried blood spots (DBSs), haematocrit (Hct) can affect the ability of the blood to spread through the filter paper, thus resulting in varying quantities of sample being measured when fixed subpunches of the DBSs are taken. It may be important to predict the sample Hct to correct volume differences. Methods Blood (10  µL) was applied to Perkin Elmer 226® paper. The samples ( n = 165) were allowed to dry for 24 h, and the entire blood spots were cut out. Subpunch analysis was also performed on blood spots prepared from 75  µL EDTA blood, taking 6 mm subpunches centrally and peripherally from the spots ( n = 59). The spots were eluted with 100  µL water, and a 10  µL aliquot of lysate was added to sulfolyser reagent (80  µL) in a microtitre plate. Hb was measured at 550 nm using an ELISA plate reader. DBS samples were compared against blood samples measured on a routine Sysmex XN-9000 analyser. Results The Passing and Bablock regression showed Hct (DBS-predicted) = 0.99 Hct (Sysmex) −0.02, R2 = 0.87. Intra-assay imprecision measured at Hct values of 0.27, 0.40 and 0.52, gave CVs of 4.1%, 2.8% and 4.2%, respectively. Inter-assay imprecision showed CVs of 6.2%, 5.2% and 4.2%, respectively. DBS samples were stable for up to two days at 60℃, one month at room temperature and six months at 4℃. Conclusion This method provides a simple and fast estimation of predicted Hct in dried blood spots.

Phenylalanine analyses of blood-spot control materials: preparation of samples and evaluation of interlaboratory performance.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
F W Spierto ◽  
T L Hearn ◽  
F H Gardner ◽  
W H Hannon
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Interlaboratory Studies ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
Materials Preparation

Abstract Aliquots (0.1 mL) of whole-blood pools prepared to contain various concentrations of phenylalanine were applied to filter-paper collection cards, dried, and stored in sealed bags. We measured the phenylalanine content of the dried blood spots by bioassay, fluorometry, and "high-performance" liquid chromatography, and found that the concentrations remained constant for two years when samples were kept at -20 degrees C or lower. Intra- and interlaboratory studies showed that results for phenylalanine were greater for laboratories using bioassay procedures than for those using fluorometric procedures. Further, CVs (both among- and within-laboratory) obtained with fluorometric procedures were nearly half as great as the CVs obtained by laboratories using bioassay techniques.

Development and validation of a dried blood spot–HPLC assay for the determination of metronidazole in neonatal whole blood samples

2010 ◽  
Vol 397 (2) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysa Faisal Suyagh ◽  
Godwill Iheagwaram ◽  
Prashant Laxman Kole ◽  
Jeff Millership ◽  
Paul Collier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Hplc Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Blood Spot

Measurement of gonadotropins in dried blood spots

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Worthman ◽  
J F Stallings
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Serial Sampling ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Blood Spot

Abstract We describe direct immunofluorometric assays for luteinizing hormone (hLH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (hFSH) in fingerstick blood spots dried on filter paper, based on modifications of commercially available kits. Determinations are made from 2.5-mm-diameter discs (3 microL of dried blood) punched out from blood spot standards and samples. Sample dose detection limits of the assays (IU/L) are 0.26 for LH and 0.13 for FSH, with mean interassay CVs of 11.6% (LH) and 7.8% (FSH) at low concentrations. Analytical recoveries of added hormone averaged 100% for LH and 95% for FSH. Clinical studies showed that values for blood spots (x) and directly assayed plasma (y) are highly correlated, so that results from blood spots can be converted directly to plasma equivalents, as follows: yLH = 0.07 + 1.90 xLH, and yFSH = 0.424 + 2.207 xFSH. These gonadotropins are stable in blood spots for at least a year under refrigeration; LH for at least 8 weeks and FSH 6 weeks at 22 degrees C; and both hormones for a week at 37 degrees C. These methods thus allow self-sampling, serial sampling, and mailing of specimens.

Enzyme immunoassay of free thyroxin in dried blood samples on filter paper.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 750-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Hata ◽  
K Miyai ◽  
M Ito ◽  
Y Endo ◽  
Y Iijimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Double Antibody ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Measurable Range

Abstract We describe a double-antibody enzyme immunoassay for determination of free thyroxin (FT4) in dried blood samples on filter paper, with use of a T4-beta-D-galactosidase complex. The measurable range of FT4 concentration in two 3-mm blood discs, each of which contained about 2.7 microL of blood, was 1.9 to 93 ng/L, as determined by comparison with concentrations of FT4 in known serum standards. FT4 in blood samples dried on filter paper was stable for at least four weeks when kept dry at -20 degrees C, room temperature, or 37 degrees C. The mean coefficients of variation were 7.6% (within assay) and 6.4% (between assays). Results for FT4 by this method correlated well with those for serum determined by radioimmunoassay (r = 0.98). The proposed method can be used to differentiate persons with hyper- and hypothyroidism from normal subjects and those with abnormal concentrations of thyroxin-binding globulin. The procedure seems suited for screening studies.

Use of blood specimens collected on filter paper in screening for abnormal hemoglobins.

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Schmidt ◽  
E M Brosious ◽  
S Holland ◽  
J M Wright ◽  
G R Serjeant
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Capillary Tubes ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Both cellulose acetate electrophoresis and citrate agar electrophoresis were performed on 834 blood samples collected on filter paper in Jamaica and shipped for testing to the National Hemoglobinopathy Standardization Laboratory at the U.S. National Center for Disease Control. Additionally, 30 blood samples collected locally were stored on filter paper, in microhematocrit capillary tubes, and as whole blood specimens; at selected times the samples were tested for stability to determine the best sample-collection technique for hemoglobin electrophoresis. Results were most nearly accurate when both cellulose acetate electrophoresis and citrate agar testing were used. The methods are easy to perform, but results are unreliable if the blood samples on filter paper are stored at 4 degrees C for longer than two weeks before they are tested.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 antibodies detection in dried whole blood spots (dbs) samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Cauduro de Castro ◽  
Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges ◽  
Ricardo da Silva de Souza ◽  
Melina Grudzinski ◽  
Pedro Alves D'Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
Antibodies Detection

Human Immunodeficiency Vírus Type 1 and 2 antibodies detection was performed in 457 dried whole blood spots samples (S&S 903). Q-Preven HIV 1+2 was the screening test used. The results were compared with the gold standard serum tests by ELISA (Cobas Core e Axsym HIV1/2 gO) and imunofluorescence was the definitive confirmatory test. The samples were obtained from the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição in Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil, through whole blood transfer to filter paper card and sent to Caxias do Sul, RS - Brazil where the tests were performed. The dried whole blood spot stability was evaluated with two different panels. The first one was composed of five negative and five positive samples stored at room temperature, 4 ºC, -20 ºC and -70 ºC, while the second was composed of two negative and three positive samples stored at 37 ºC (humidity <50%). Each sample was screened every week for six weeks. These measurement results didn't show variation during the study period. The detected sensibility was 100%, specificity was 99.6%, the positive predictive value was 99.5% and negative predictive values were 100%. The results demonstrated high performance characteristics, opening a new perspective of dried whole blood spot utilization in HIV screening diagnosis.

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