scholarly journals The off-host survival and viability of a native and non-native fish louse (Argulus, Crustacea: Branchiura)

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Walker ◽  
I.J. Russon ◽  
R. Duijf ◽  
G. Van Der Velde ◽  
S.E. Wendelaar Bonga
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Fish Louse

Abstract Fish ectoparasites are introduced to water bodies or aquaculture systems along with their hosts. Argulid fish lice can survive off-host for a given time, and in spite of quarantine measures might also be introduced via the transfer of water. However, they must cope with varying abiotic conditions without access to food. We investigated the effect of temperature (5 to 28oC) on the off-host survival time of Argulus japonicus, an invasive species which is apparently increasing its distribution, and compared this with the European A. foliaceus. A clear effect of temperature on the off-host survival time of all stages of both species was demonstrated. Larval and juvenile A. japonicus survived up to 9 days at 22oC and in the case of adults up to 13 days at 15oC. By comparison, larval A. foliaceus survived up to 5 days at 15oC, adults up to 14 days at 9oC and juveniles up to 7 days at 9oC and 15oC. Thus, A. japonicus is more resistant to starvation at higher temperatures under controlled off-host conditions and A. foliaceus is more resistant to starvation at lower temperatures. Infectivity of A. japonicus decreased linearly with the time spent off-host after 2 days for larvae and 4 days for adults. Temperature only had a significant effect on the infectivity of both developmental stages after 24 hours off-host between 13–23oC for larvae and 13–18oC for adults. In conclusion both species can potentially survive off-host periods in water transports for up to 13–14 days as adults. Their survival is shorter as larvae. This study demonstrates that transportation of water has the potential to introduce Argulus species.

Assessment of the Influence of the Invasive Species Pistia stratiotes (Araceae) on Some Species of Submerged Macrophytes of Natural Water Bodies of Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
O. P. Olkhovich ◽  
N. Yu. Taran ◽  
N. B. Svetlova ◽  
L. M. Batsmanova ◽  
M. V. Aleksiyenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on the Development and Survival of Feltiella Acarisuga (Vallot) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Preying on Tetranychus Urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Yong-Seok Choi ◽  
Sung-Hoon Baek ◽  
Min-Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Development Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Threshold Temperatures ◽  
Response To Temperature

The predatory gall midge, Feltiella acarisuga (Vallot) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is an acarivorous species that mainly feeds on spider mites (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Because of its cosmopolitan distribution and predation efficacy, it is considered an important natural enemy available as a biological agent for augmentative biocontrol. However, despite its practical use, the thermal development and survival response to temperature have not yet been fully studied. In this study, we investigated the stage-specific development and survival of F. acarisuga at seven temperatures (11.5, 15.7, 19.8, 23.4, 27.7, 31.9, and 35.4 °C) to examine the effect of temperature on its lifecycle. All developmental stages could develop at 11.5–31.9 °C, but the performance was different according to the temperature. From the linear development rate models, the lower development threshold and thermal constant of the total immature stage were estimated at 8.2 °C and 200 DD, respectively. The potential optimal and upper threshold temperatures for the total immature stage were estimated as 29.3 and 35.1 °C using a non-linear development model. The operative thermal ranges for development and survival at 80% of the maximum rate were 24.5–32.3 and 14.7–28.7 °C, respectively. Thus, it was suggested that 24.5–28.7 °C was suitable for the total immature stage. In contrast, conditions around 8 °C and 35 °C should be avoided due to the lower development rate and high mortality. Our findings provide fundamental information for an effective mass-rearing and releasing program of F. acarisuga in an augmentative biocontrol program and help to predict phenology.

Native fish diversity alters the effects of an invasive species on food webs

Ecology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 2965-2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Carey ◽  
David H. Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Fish Diversity

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Latent Infection of Prune Fruit by Monilinia fructicola

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 864-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Luo ◽  
Themis J. Michailides
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Monilinia Fructicola ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Commercial Harvest

Experiments were conducted in three prune orchards in California. In each orchard, inoculations with Monilinia fructicola, the causal agent of brown rot of stone fruits, were performed on branches of trees at bloom and fruit developmental stages. Five inoculum concentrations were used in each inoculation. Six and four wetness durations were created for each inoculum concentration at bloom and fruit developmental stages, respectively. Fruit were harvested 3 weeks before commercial harvest. The overnight freezing incubation technique was used to promote sporulation and to determine incidence of latent infection (ILI) of fruit brown rot. No differences in ILI among locations were found. A seasonal pattern of bloom and fruit susceptibility to latent infection was determined. Susceptibility to latent infection at bloom stage was at a moderate level and increased to reach the highest level at pit hardening stage. Subsequently, fruit susceptibility to latent infection decreased, reaching the lowest level in early June at embryo growth stage. Thereafter, the susceptibility increased again with fruit development and maturity until harvest. Linear relationships between ILI and inoculum concentration were obtained for most combinations of growth stage and wetness duration. Incidence of latent infection increased linearly with increased wetness duration at bloom stage and increased exponentially with increased wetness duration at early and late fruit developmental stages. The optimum temperatures for latent infection at pit hardening stage ranged from 14 to 18°C, but the effect of temperature on latent infection was reduced at resistant stages. The temperature range favorable to latent infection varied for different wetness durations.

scholarly journals The use of native piscivorous fishes for the eradication of the invasive Chinese Sleeper, Perccottus glenii

2019 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Vytautas Rakauskas ◽  
Tomas Virbickas ◽  
Saulius Stakėnas ◽  
Andrius Steponėnas
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Perccottus Glenii ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Study Results

The chief aim of invasive species management is to prevent biological invasions by taking measures for suppressing or eradicating potential invaders. Biological control as a management tool is frequently implemented to reduce the population size, adverse ecological impacts, and dispersal of invasive species. The efficacy of biological control measures in managing the Perccottus glenii population was assessed in four small lakes of Lithuania. The biocontrol was carried out by introducing the native piscivorous fishes Esox lucius and Perca fluviatilis into the invaded water bodies for two successive reproductive seasons. The stocking of these fishes led to an instant reduction in P. glenii abundances, and the outcome of the repeated stocking was complete disappearance of the species from the water bodies investigated. Our study proves that native predator fishes can be successfully used for eradicating well-established P. glenii populations in small eutrophic lakes. We hope the current study results will contribute to developing risk-commensurate methodologies for the control of invasive P. glenii populations in small water bodies.

Do power line rights-of-way facilitate the spread of non-peatland and invasive plants in bogs and fens?

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Dubé ◽  
Stéphanie Pellerin ◽  
Monique Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Water Conductivity ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Dispersal Vectors ◽  
Ombrotrophic Bog ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Linear Infrastructures

Linear infrastructures are known to facilitate the spread of undesirable species in ecosystems. Compared with other types of infrastructure, the role of power line rights-of-way (ROWs) as dispersal vectors remains poorly understood, especially with regard to peatlands. The aim of our study was to evaluate their impacts on the vegetation of ombrotrophic (bog) and minerotrophic (fen) peatlands. The vegetation communities within and adjacent to power line ROWs were sampled in 23 bogs and 11 fens in southern Québec. In fens, invasive species were found in abundance along the first 250 m within ROWs, while native non-peatland species were able to spread into entire ROWs. Invasive species were also able to colonize the adjacent fen habitats but were mostly concentrated in the first 4 m from ROW edges. Some species were, however, able to establish at more than 43 m from ROWs. Invasive and native non-peatland species were mostly restricted to the first 31 m within ROWs intersecting a bog and almost none dispersed in the adjacent bog habitats. Overall, the average cover of native non-peatland and invasive species in ROWs was mostly related to intrinsic abiotic conditions such as water pH, water conductivity, and water table level, while landscape surrounding the peatland and historical variables (e.g., time elapse since the construction of the ROW) had few impacts in both bogs and fens.

scholarly journals Two Shades of Grey: Effect of Temperature on Seed Germination of the Escaping Ornamental Species Lychnis Coronaria and Stachys Byzantina

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Vojík ◽  
Martina Kadlecová ◽  
Josef Kutlvašr ◽  
Jan Pergl ◽  
Kateřina Berchová Bímová
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Spreading Factor ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Species Invasiveness ◽  
Germination Success ◽  
Secondary Distribution ◽  
Ornamental Species

Abstract This paper describes germination and cytological variability in two popular ornamental and potentially invasive species, lamb’s ear Stachys byzantina and rose campion Lychnis coronaria. Both xerophytic species have the potential to invade natural habitats across Europe and create viable naturalised populations, with subsequent impacts on native vegetation. To assess the species’ invasiveness, seeds were collected from naturalised populations and germination rate recorded under different temperature regimes. Flow cytometry, used to record cytological variability, indicated that all populations of both species were cytologically homogeneous. Germination success, a key spreading factor in both species, was significantly influenced by temperature, with final germination of L. coronaria being extremely high at temperatures > 15/10 °C (98.5%) and extremely low at temperatures < 10/5 °C (2.9%). In comparison, final germination in S. byzantina highest at 22/15 °C (55.6%), reducing to 40.3% at 15/10 °C and just 0.3% at temperatures < 10/5 °C. No significant differences in germination rate were observed between escaping and non-escaping populations, though there were differences between particular populations. Our results indicate germination temperature limits between species consistent with sizes of primary distribution and distance between primary and secondary distribution borders. However, the observed germination rates allow for successful generative reproduction of both species over their secondary distribution areas, suggesting that these species are likely to become invasive species of European grasslands soon.

scholarly journals Food ingestion and assimilation by Hyale media (Dana, 1853) (Crustacea - Amphipoda)

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airton Santo Tararam ◽  
Hilda de Souza Lima Mesquita ◽  
Yoko Wakabara ◽  
Clóvis A Peres
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Assimilation Efficiency ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Summer Temperatures

The feeding of Hyale media was analysed under laboratory conditions in winter and summer temperatures. The results showed that assimilation rates increased following food ingestion rates and decreased when egestion rates increased. In winter temperatures no significant differences were found in the assimilation rates among developmental stages and sexes. In summer temperatures assimilation rates for ovigerous and non-ovigerous females were higher than those found for adult and young males. Although not statistically analysed, mean assimilation efficiencies were highest among ovigerous females and adult males, in summer. The quantitative and qualitative variations found in the assimilation efficiency and rates were explained by the differential effect of temperature on the specific growth rate and in the physiological conditions of each growth stage concerned.

scholarly journals Predicting Invasion Probability from Botanic Gardens using Exotic Species Traits

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-545
Author(s):  
Decky Indrawan Junaedi ◽  
Zaenal Mutaqien
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Escape Probability ◽  
Leaf Trait ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Assessment Systems ◽  
Better Than

Preventative management, such as framework-based assessment, considered as the best option for invasive species management. Alternatively, risk assessment can be conducted based on traits of occurred invasive species to build prediction system for invasive risk assessment. This study aimed to test whether trait-based assessment system can differentiate the escaped from non-escaped exotic collections of botanic gardens and to compare the reliability of trait-based versus framework-based risk assessment on differentiating these escaped from non-escaped exotics. In this study, Bayesian logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the reliability of framework-based and trait-based risk assessment systems. For trait-based system, clear effect of leaf trait, height, and dispersal method to escape probability was detected. For framework-based system, clear effect of Tropical Weed Risk Assessment Protocol on escape probability was detected. Leaf trait, dispersal method and height are reliable predictors for escaped probability of botanic gardens exotic collection. The fact that the reliability of trait-based assessment systems is better than the commonly used framework-based system is the main novel finding in this study. This finding implies that trait-based is better than framework-based for invasive species risk assessment approach in Indonesian botanic gardens. Trait-based assessment also a relevant tool to support management with limited resources to conduct adequate early risk assessment.

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