scholarly journals Transition from plan to market, height and well-being

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alícia Adserà ◽  
Francesca Dalla Pozza ◽  
Sergei Guriev ◽  
Lukas Kleine-Rueschkamp ◽  
Elena Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Social Cost ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Bright Side ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Using newly available data, we re-evaluate the impact of transition from plan to market in former communist countries on objective and subjective well-being. We find clear evidence of the high social cost of early transition reforms: cohorts born around the start of transition are about 1 centimetre shorter than their older or younger peers. We provide suggestive evidence on the importance on mechanisms that partially explain these results: the decline of GDP per capita and the deterioration of healthcare systems. On the bright side, we find that cohorts that experienced transition in their infancy are now better educated and more satisfied with their lives than their counterparts. Taken together, our results imply that the transition process has been a traumatic experience, but that its negative impact has largely been overcome.

The Inter-Linkage Between Governance and Poverty

2019 ◽  
pp. 838-865
Author(s):  
Maniklal Adhikary ◽  
Dyuti Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Regulatory Quality ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
The Impact

This chapter aims at assessing the impact of governance on the country's economic and human well-being in the selected South Asian countries. The study finds that for the countries-India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal, over the years 1990-2012, the growing rate of GDP per capita (PPP) and growing employment to population ratio has a significant negative impact on the Global Hunger Index as expected. Also the panel regression run for the eight SAARC countries over the period 2007-13 to find out the impact of each of the six governance indicators on the per capita GDP showed that political stability and absence of violence, government effectiveness and regulatory quality have very strong and significant role in augmenting the economic output besides the remaining indicators. The trends for each of the indicators across countries over time show that except Bhutan, none of the countries are exhibiting good performance of the governance indicators.

Comparative Exploration of Psychological Health and Subjective Well-being among Fertile and Infertile Females

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-92
Author(s):  
Ruqia Safdar Bajwa ◽  
Hamida Bibi
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Past History ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Psychological health directly affects life satisfaction especially to those women who face social and family pressure about their infertility. A wide range of research studies comparing fertile and infertile women documented that there is negative impact of infertility on subjective well-being and global life satisfaction (Abbey et al., 1991, 1992; Callan, 1987; Callan& Hennessey, 1988). The present study was aimed to investigate the impact of psychological health on life satisfaction among fertile and infertile females. Through the convenience sampling technique, a sample of 310 (N=310) fertile and infertile women was selected whose age ranged between 25 to 50 years. Demographic variables included age, employment status, level of education, duration of marital life, type of marriage and family system for both fertile and infertile females. To be included in sample, Women must have been diagnosed with infertility (primary or secondary), they must not have adopted any child, and marriage duration must be at least 2 years and must not have past history of psychiatric illness. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used for current psychological health and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was used to measure life satisfaction. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics, Regression analysis, ANOVA and t-test were used to analyze the data. Results have shown that psychological health has impact on life satisfaction in both fertile and infertile groups of women. Furthermore, results show that level of life satisfaction and psychological health is more prevalent in educated and employed women as compared to uneducated and unemployed women. To conclude, this study will be helpful in resolving psychological problems of the infertile females. Education can increase awareness about infertility and infertile females can meet the challenges of the society and can stand with better health and emotions.

Psychological Effects of Working Night Shifts on Mental Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S609-S609
Author(s):  
A. Kchaou ◽  
M. Hajjaji ◽  
R. Masmoudi ◽  
I. Sellami ◽  
M.L. Masmoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Night Work ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Working And Living Conditions ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe medical and scientific communities are continually reporting that night work can increase the risk of certain disorders and have a negative impact on the overall well-being of employees.ObjectivesThis study wanted to examine the impact of night work on physical and psychological well-being of hospital staff.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study about a representative sample of hospital staff. We used validated self-reporting instruments: the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Subjective Well-being Scale (SWS). Data were analyzed using SPSS-20.ResultsOur study concerned 519 hospital staffs. More than half were male (53%) and 83.1% had worked in the same position for more than two years. More than half of the participants (51. 3%) considered themselves in very good health. Also 41.5% of participants had a well-being index reduced and 26% of personal had high perceived stress. Correlation analysis had shown that more than one guard at week was associated with high levels of perceived stress (P = 0.004) and well-being index reduced (P = 0.000). After adjusting for categories, more than one shift work at week was associated to well-being index reduced with odds ratios of 1.57 (confidence interval 95% [1.07 to 2.30]).ConclusionThere is a clear correlation between night work, perceived stress and subjective well-being of different categories of hospital staff. Shift work interferences on health and well-being are complex and multifaceted in their origins and time manifestations, dealing with several aspects of personal characteristics, and working and living conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The Negative Effect of Job Insecurity in the Virtuous Cycle Between Trust in the Organization, Subjective Well-Being, and Task Performance in the Current Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Živilė Stankevičiūtė ◽  
M. Isabel Sanchez-Hernandez ◽  
Eglė Staniškienė
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Task

Over the past decade, job insecurity referring to the employees’ perceived threat to the continuity and stability of employment as it is currently experienced has become a hot topic. A general assumption, supported by the findings, is that job insecurity causes far-reaching negative consequences for the employee health and well-being, attitudes toward organization and the job, and behaviors at work. However, the focus on behavioral outcomes, especially on employee performance at work, is still scant. Moreover, the literature remains fragmented concerning the impact of job insecurity on employee trust in the organization and how the trust influences employee subjective well-being (SWB), which in turn affects employee performance. Consequently, the link between job insecurity and SWB needs more investigation. Trying to narrow the gap, the paper aims at revealing the linkage between job insecurity, trust in the organization, SWB, and task performance. Quantitative data were collected in Lithuania. As predicted, the results revealed that job insecurity had a negative impact on trust in the organization and employee SWB. In case of linkage between job insecurity and task performance, the hypothesis was rejected. In general, these findings affirmed that job insecurity was a hindrance stressor, which needed to be considered when managing human resources in the current volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity context.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of Macroeconomic Indicators on Happiness Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-769
Author(s):  
O. N. Antipina ◽  
◽  
A. D. Krivitskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Econometric Approach ◽  
The Impact

This paper studies the effects of objective macroeconomic indicators on measures of subjective well-being. This issue is central to the economics of happiness as a modern academic research discipline. The article provides an econometric approach to identifying the impact of changes in macroeconomic indicators on the reported level of happiness. We used models on panel data for 163 countries for the period from 2005 to 2019. The results of modeling showed that GDP per capita has a significant positive effect while unemployment and inflation, a significant negative effect on happiness. Our quantitative results show that unemployment depresses the reported level of happiness more than inflation does. Our research complements a number of macroeconomic studies in the field of public and subjective well-being: it focuses on links between the reported level of happiness and GDP per capita and determines social and economic costs of unemployment and inflation. These studies are of particular importance in the context of digitalization of the economy and the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Inter-Linkage between Governance and Poverty

2015 ◽  
pp. 191-217
Author(s):  
Maniklal Adhikary ◽  
Dyuti Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Regulatory Quality ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
The Impact

This chapter aims at assessing the impact of governance on the country's economic and human well-being in the selected South Asian countries. The study finds that for the countries-India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal, over the years 1990-2012, the growing rate of GDP per capita (PPP) and growing employment to population ratio has a significant negative impact on the Global Hunger Index as expected. Also the panel regression run for the eight SAARC countries over the period 2007-13 to find out the impact of each of the six governance indicators on the per capita GDP showed that political stability and absence of violence, government effectiveness and regulatory quality have very strong and significant role in augmenting the economic output besides the remaining indicators. The trends for each of the indicators across countries over time show that except Bhutan, none of the countries are exhibiting good performance of the governance indicators.

An influence of social isolation on the level of physical activity as well as on well-being and mental state of people during the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Parfin ◽  
Krystian Wdowiak ◽  
Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk ◽  
Jolanta Herda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction. The COVID-19 is the name of an infectious disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). It was first diagnosed in December 2019 in patients in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The symptoms are dominated by features of respiratory tract infections, in some patients with a very severe course leading to respiratory failure and, in extreme cases to death. Due to the spread of the infection worldwide, the WHO declared a pandemic in March 2020.Aim. An investigation of the impact of social isolation introduced due to the coronavirus pandemic on selected aspects of life. The researchers focused on observing changes in habits related to physical activity and their connections with people’s subjective well-being and emotional state.Material and methods. The study was carried out within the international project of the group „IRG on COVID and exercise”. The research tool was a standardized questionnaire.Results. Based on the data collected and the analysis of the percentage results, it can be observed that the overwhelming majority of people taking up physical activity reported a better mood during the pandemic. However, statistical tests do not confirm these relationships due to the small sample size.Conclusions. Isolation favours physical activity. Future, in-depth studies, by enlarging the population group, are necessary to confirm the above observations.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial condition of students in Poland and Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Długosz ◽  
Yana
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Psychosocial Condition ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emotional Condition ◽  
Double Measurement

The article presents the results of research on psychosocial condition among Polish and Ukrainian students during the quarantine. The aim of the research was to verify the impact of the pandemic and its accompanying phenomena on the well-being of youth. In order to achieve this goal, the CAWI on-line survey method with double measurement was used. The first measurement carried out at the beginning of the quarantine resulted in 3659 filled out surveys in Poland and 739 in Ukraine. The second measurement conducted at the end of distance learning brought 1978 filled out surveys in Poland and 411 in Ukraine. The results of research indicate that the quarantine had a negative impact on the psychosocial condition of youth. The deterioration of emotional condition and the increase in mental disorders has been observed. Due to the pandemic and distance learning, the mental health of youth deteriorated significantly. Polish youth were negatively influenced by the pandemic to a greater extent than young Ukrainians.

scholarly journals Determining the impact of postoperative complications in neurosurgery based on simulated longitudinal smartphone app-based assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lion D. Comfort ◽  
Marian C. Neidert ◽  
Oliver Bozinov ◽  
Luca Regli ◽  
Martin N. Stienen
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Simulated Patients ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Complications after neurosurgical operations can have severe impact on patient well-being, which is poorly reflected by current grading systems. The objective of this work was to develop and conduct a feasibility study of a new smartphone application that allows for the longitudinal assessment of postoperative well-being and complications. Methods We developed a smartphone application “Post OP Tracker” according to requirements from clinical experience and tested it on simulated patients. Participants received regular notifications through the app, inquiring them about their well-being and complications that had to be answered according to their assigned scenarios. After a 12-week period, subjects answered a questionnaire about the app’s functionality, user-friendliness, and acceptability. Results A total of 13 participants (mean age 34.8, range 24–68 years, 4 (30.8%) female) volunteered in this feasibility study. Most of them had a professional background in either health care or software development. All participants downloaded, installed, and applied the app for an average of 12.9 weeks. On a scale of 1 (worst) to 4 (best), the app was rated on average 3.6 in overall satisfaction and 3.8 in acceptance. The design achieved a somewhat favorable score of 3.1. One participant (7.7%) reported major technical issues. The gathered patient data can be used to graphically display the simulated outcome and assess the impact of postoperative complications. Conclusions This study suggests the feasibility to longitudinally gather postoperative data on subjective well-being through a smartphone application. Among potential patients, our application indicated to be functional, user-friendly, and well accepted. Using this app-based approach, further studies will enable us to classify postoperative complications according to their impact on the patient’s well-being.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Working Conditions, Employment, Career Development and Well-Being of Refugee Researchers

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ourania Tzoraki ◽  
Svetlana Dimitrova ◽  
Marin Barzakov ◽  
Saad Yaseen ◽  
Vasilis Gavalas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing ‘refugee crisis’ of the past years has led to the migration of refugee researchers (RRs) to European countries. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, RRs often had to work from home and/or to continue their social, cultural and economic integration process under new conditions. An online survey carried out to explore the impact of the pandemic on the refugee researchers showed that RRs found it difficult to adapt their everyday working life to the ‘home’ setting. The majority have had neither a suitable work environment at home nor the appropriate technology. Although they stated that they are rather pleased with the measures taken by the public authorities, they expressed concern about their vulnerability due to their precarious contracts and the bureaucratic asylum procedures, as the pandemic has had a negative impact on these major issues. The majority of RRs working in academia seem not to have been affected at all as far as their income is concerned, while the majority of those employed in other sectors became unemployed during the pandemic (58%). Recommendations are provided to the public authorities and policy makers to assist RRs to mitigate the consequences of the pandemic on their life.

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