scholarly journals The effect of one year treatment with GLP1-RA, SGLT2i and their combination on plasma levels of oxidative and antioxidative biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ikonomidis ◽  
J Thymis ◽  
G Pavlidis ◽  
D Birba ◽  
A Kalogeris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Stress Burden ◽  
One Year ◽  
Glycemic Regulation

Abstract Background/Introduction Biomarkers of oxidative stress burden are found increased in Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. An imbalance between oxidative and antioxidative plasma factors is implicated in the pathway of cardiovascular disease in diabetics. Novel antidiabetic agents with cardioprotective effects are glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i). Purpose We investigated the effect of liraglutide (GLP1-RA),empagliflozin (SGLT-2i) and their combination on plasma levels of oxidative and antioxidative factors. Methods A hundred-sixty T2DM patients were randomly assigned and received: a) insulin (n=40), b) liraglutide (n=40), c) empagliflozin (n=40) and d) the combination liraglutide and empagliflozin (n=40) for 1 year. We measured at baseline and after 1 year of treatment the following antioxidative markers: a) Reducing Power (RP), b) 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), c) Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and also Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as a marker of oxidative burden. Results After 1 year of treatment all subjects achieved successful glycemic regulation, as estimated by Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (8±0.5 vs 6.65±0.5, p<0.05). Patients on the combination GLP1-RA + SGLT2i displayed greater reduction of TBARS (8.66±0.42 μmol/l vs 7.92±0.35 μmol/l, p<0.05) and increase of ABTS (17.49 ±0.63 mmol/l vs 19.14 ±0.64 mmol/l, p<0.05) compared with insulin-treated participants (8.85±0.41 μmol/l vs 8.83±0.44 μmol/l and 17.07 ±0.58 mmol/l vs 17.22 ±0.49 mmol/l, p=NS respectively). Patients treated on GLP1-RA or SGLT2i separately showed the same improving trend with the combination group in the abovementioned biomarkers but the changes were not so prominent. In the insulin group worsening of TAC was also noticed (0.92±0.02 mmol/l vs 0.89±0.01 mmol/l, p<0.05). In the other biomarkers nonsignificant changes were observed for all groups. Furthermore the absolute change of HbA1c was correlated with the relative change of TBARS (r=0.419, p<0.05) Conclusion One year treatment with the GLP1-RA liraglutide and SGLT2i empagliflozin resulted in improvement of plasma levels of oxidative and antioxidative biomarkers compared to administration of insulin and the changes were more outstanding in patients that received the combination of GLP1-RA and SGLT2i, despite similar glycemic regulation in all participants. Thus the favorable cardiovascular effects of these novel factors may be partly explained by alterations in equilibrium between oxidative and antioxidative circulating biomarkers. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

scholarly journals Levosimendan, milrinone and dobutamine in acute experimental pulmonary embolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Lyhne ◽  
SJ Dragsbaek ◽  
JV Hansen ◽  
JG Schultz ◽  
A Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Right Heart Catheterization ◽  
Mechanical Work ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Acute Pe ◽  
Rv Function

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine, Novo Nordisk Foundation Background/Introduction: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a frequent condition in acute cardiac care and is potentially fatal. Cause of death is right ventricular (RV) failure due to increased RV afterload from both pulmonary vascular obstruction and vasoconstriction. Inodilators are interesting drugs of choice as they may improve RV function and lower its afterload. Purpose We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular effects of three clinically relevant inodilators: levosimendan, milrinone and dobutamine in acute PE. Methods We conducted a randomized, blinded, animal study using 18 female pigs. Animals received large autologous PE until doubling of baseline mean pulmonary arterial pressure and were randomized to four logarithmically increasing doses of each inodilator. Effects were evaluated with bi-ventricular pressure-volume loop recordings, right heart catheterization and blood gas analyses. Results Induction of PE increased RV afterload and pulmonary pressure (p < 0.05) causing RV dysfunction. Levosimendan and milrinone showed beneficial hemodynamic profiles by lowering RV pressures and volume (p < 0.001) and improved RV function and cardiac output (p < 0.05) without increasing RV mechanical work. Dobutamine increased RV pressure and function (p < 0.01) but at a cost of increased mechanical work at the highest doses, showing an adverse hemodynamic profile. See Figure. Conclusion(s): In a porcine model of acute PE, levosimendan and milrinone reduced RV afterload and improved RV function, whereas dobutamine at higher doses increased RV afterload and RV mechanical work. The study motivates clinical testing of inodilators in patients with acute PE and RV dysfunction. Abstract Figure. Inodilators in acute pulmonary embolism

TSP-1 plasma levels in hypertensive patients with endothelial dysfunction after one year of treatment with ACE inhibitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. e139-e140
Author(s):  
Valentina Oana Buda ◽  
Minodora Andor ◽  
Carmen Cristescu ◽  
Mirela Voicu ◽  
Liana Suciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
One Year

Impact of long-term testosterone treatment on plasma levels of free TFPI and TF-induced thrombin generation ex vivo in elderly men with low testosterone levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 945-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingvild Agledahl ◽  
Johan Svartberg ◽  
John-Bjarne Hansen ◽  
Ellen Brodin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Low Testosterone ◽  
One Year

SummaryMen have a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than women of similar age, and it has been suggested that testosterone may influence the development of CVD. Recently, we demonstrated that elderly men with low testosterone levels had lower plasma levels of free tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) Ag associated with shortened tissue factor (TF)-induced coagulation initiation in a population based case-control study. Our hypothesis was that one year of testosterone treatment to physiological levels in elderly men would increase the levels of free TFPI Ag in plasma and have a favorable effect on TF-induced coagulation. Twenty-six men with low testosterone levels (≤11.0 nM) were randomly assigned to treatment with intramuscular testosterone depot injections (testosterone undecanoate 1,000 mg) or placebo in a double-blinded study. Each participant received a total of five injections, at baseline, 6, 16, 28 and 40 weeks, and TF-induced thrombin generation ex vivo and plasma free TFPI Ag were measured after one year. At the end of the study total and free testosterone levels were significantly higher in the testosterone treated group (14.9 ± 4.5 nM vs. 8.1 ± 2.4 nM; p<0.001, and 363.3 ± 106.6 pM vs. 187.3 ± 63.2 pM; p<0.001, respectively). Testosterone treatment for one year did neither cause significant changes in TF-induced thrombin generation ex vivo nor changes in plasma levels of free TFPI Ag. In conclusion, normalising testosterone levels by testosterone treatment for 12 months in elderly men did not affect TF-induced coagulation or plasma TFPI levels. The potential antithrombotic role of testosterone therapy remains to be elucidated.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROID AND ORAL ZINC SULFATE-TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROID COMBINATION IN THE TREATMENT OF VITILIGO AT KMCH, KATIHAR, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Nadia Akram ◽  
Seeba Hussain ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Topical Corticosteroid ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Supplemental Zinc ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Higher Doses

Background : Vitiligo is the most prevalent pigmentary disorder which occurs worldwide, with an incidence rate between 0.1-4 percent. It is anticipated that the discovery of biological pathways of vitiligo pathogenesis with provide novel therapeutic and prophylactic targets for future approaches to the treatment and prevention of vitiligo. The purposes of this study were evaluating the efficacy of supplemental zinc on the treatment of vitiligo. Methods : This randomized clinical trial was conducted for a period of one year. Thiry five patients among 86 participatnts were eligible to entrance to the study. The patients in two equal randomized groups took topical corticosteroid and comination of oral zinc sulfate-topical corticosteroid. Results : The of responses in the corticosteroid group and the zinc sulfat-corticosteroid combination group were 21.43% and 24.7% respectively. Conclusion : Although, the response to corticosteroid plus zinc sulfate was more than corticosteroid, there was no statistically significant difference between them. It appeared that more robust long-term randomized controlled trials on more patients, may be with higher doses of zinc sulfate, are needed to fully establish the efficacy of oral zinc in management of vitiligo.

scholarly journals Awareness and Perception of Carbohydrate-Controlled Diets for Management of PCOS: A Benchmark Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 954-954
Author(s):  
Carolina Cartier ◽  
Cristen Harris ◽  
Alexandra Kazaks
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Carbohydrate Restriction ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Registered Dietitian Nutritionists ◽  
Nutrition And Dietetics

Abstract Objectives Infertility affects 6.1 million women in the United States. There is currently no recognized Medical Nutrition Therapy to optimize fertility. Despite a lack of research evidence of safety and efficacy, carbohydrate restriction (CR) and carbohydrate-controlled diets (CCD) are utilized by individuals and practitioners as a treatment for subfertility. An aim of this study was to assess awareness and perception of CR as a treatment for subfertility by Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDN). In addition, a secondary aim was to compare similar questions gathered from individuals who followed a CCD for fertility enhancement. Methods This study was a combination of two surveys open for respondents July 2019 to January 2020 via REDCap. The survey for the first aim had a restricted population of RDNs consisting of 20 questions investigating perception of CR therapy and experience with patients with subfertility. The survey was emailed via listserv through the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The second survey targeted individuals who implemented CR as a fertility therapy. It consisted of 45 questions and was distributed to CCD related social media groups. Results The first survey had 240 RDN respondents with an average of 12 years of experience. The second survey had 203 CCD respondents of which 49% had followed a CCD for less than one year. While the remaining 51% followed a CCD for an average of 3.6 years. There was a statistically significant difference between how the two groups defined carbohydrate restriction χ,2 (3, 410) = 265.4, P &lt; 0.01. Among RDNs, 49.8% selected “Below 45% kcal from carbohydrate/day” and 32.2% selected “Below 100 g carbohydrate/day”. In contrast, 75.4% of followers of a CCD selected “Below 20 g carbohydrate/day”. A total of 41% of RDNs were familiar with research regarding the effect of carbohydrate reduction on female subfertility markers, such as PCOS and anovulation, of which 67% believe the body of evidence demonstrates “generally positive outcomes” on markers of fertility. Conclusions The results of this study highlight the lack of a consistent definition of CCD between providers and the public. There may be a need for educating providers that research regarding CCD and fertility exists, but effectiveness of CR as a treatment cannot be properly assessed without an agreed upon definition. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Membrane Stabilizing Properties of the Flowering Tops of Anthocephalus Cadamba

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ashraful Alam ◽  
Abdul Ghani ◽  
Nusrat Subhan ◽  
M. Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
M. Shamsul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

The hydroethanolic extract of Anthocephalus cadamba displayed remarkable antioxidative potential in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the hydrogen peroxide, the nitric oxide scavenging, the reducing power, the total antioxidant capacity, the lipid peroxidation inhibition (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances production), and the RBC membrane stabilization assays. While in the DPPH assay the IC50 value of the extract was 146.5 μg/mL, it was 24.8 μg/mL in the nitric oxide scavenging assay.

The renal and cardiovascular effects of natriuretic peptides

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Ching Yat Wong ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Aidong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide Receptor ◽  
Peptide Receptor ◽  
Endocrine Organs ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

The landmark report by de Bold et al. in 1981 signified the heart as one of the endocrine organs involved in fluid and salt balance (de Bold AJ, Borenstein HB, Veress AT, Sonnenberg H. Life Sci 28: 89–94, 1981). Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are secreted from cardiomyocytes in response to cardiac stretch as in the case of heart failure, whereas C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is secreted from endothelial and renal cells in response to cytokines and endothelium-dependent agonists, such as acetylcholine. Binding ANP or BNP to natriuretic peptide receptor A induces cyclic guanylyl monophosphate as second messenger in the target cells to mediate the following: natriuresis; water diuresis; increasing glomerular filtration rate; decreasing systemic sympathetic activities; plasma volume; cardiac output and blood pressure; and curbing mitoses of heart fibroblasts and hypertrophy of cardiovascular muscle cells. ANP, BNP, and CNP are cleared from the bloodstream by natriuretic peptide receptor C and degraded by an ectoenzyme called neprilysin (NEP). The plasma levels of BNP are typically >100 pg/ml in patients with congestive heart failure. Sacubitril/valsartan is an angiotensin receptor NEP inhibitor that prevents the clinical progression of surviving patients with heart failure more effectively than enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. A thorough understanding of the renal and cardiovascular effects of natriuretic peptides is of major importance for first-year medical students to gain insight into the significance of plasma levels of BNP in patients with heart failure.

scholarly journals Glucagon-like peptide 1 and Glucagon-like peptide 2 in relation to osteoporosis in non-diabetic postmenopausal women

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cristina Montes Castillo ◽  
María José Martínez Ramírez ◽  
Rubén Soriano Arroyo ◽  
Isabel Prieto Gomez ◽  
Ana Belén Segarra Robles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Bone Remodeling Markers ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Osteoporosis Risk

Abstract Osteoporosis results from an imbalance in bone remodeling, which is known to follow a circadian rhythm determined by a functional relationship between intestine and bone tissue. Specific intestinal peptides have been identified as mediators. Glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucagon-like peptide 2, have been associated with bone health. Our main objective was to determine whether postprandial plasma levels of glucagon-like peptide 1, glucagon-like peptide 2 and dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 activity, are associated with osteoporosis in non-diabetic postmenopausal women. We studied non-diabetic postmenopausal women with osteoporosis diagnosed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (cases, n = 43) and age-matched (±1 yr) controls without osteoporosis or a history of osteoporotic fracture (n = 43). We measured postprandial plasma levels of glucagon-like peptide 1, glucagon-like peptide 2, and dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 activity, bone mineral density, and baseline levels of bone remodeling markers and analyzed the food intake using a food-frequency questionnaire. Postprandial glucagon-like peptide 1 values were lower (p < 0.001) in cases, μ (SEM) = 116.25 (2.68), than in controls, μ (SEM) = 126.79 (2.68). Glucagon-like peptide 1 was associated with reduced osteoporosis risk in the crude logistic regression analysis [OR (95% CI) = 0.724 (0.53–0.97), p = 0.031] and adjusted analysis [OR = 0.603 (0.38–0.94), p = 0.027]. We found no association of glucagon-like peptide 2, or dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 activity with osteoporosis. Postprandial glucagon-like peptide 1 levels are related to osteoporosis and osteoporosis risk in non-diabetic postmenopausal women. Further studies are required to verify these findings.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: from mechanistic studies in humans to clinical outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie D Heuvelman ◽  
Daniël H Van Raalte ◽  
Mark M Smits
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently one of the most prevalent diseases, with as many as 415 million patients worldwide. T2DM is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and is often accompanied by several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. Treatment of T2DM is focused on reducing glucose levels by either lifestyle changes or medical treatment. One treatment option for T2DM is based on the gut-derived hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 reduces blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion, however, it is rapidly degraded, and thereby losing its glycaemic effect. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are immune to degradation, prolonging the glycaemic effect. Lately, GLP-1RAs have spiked the interest of researchers and clinicians due to their beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. Preclinical and clinical data have demonstrated that GLP-1 receptors are abundantly present in the heart and that stimulation of these receptors by GLP-1 has several effects. In this review, we will discuss the effects of GLP-1RA on heart rate, blood pressure, microvascular function, lipids, and inflammation, as measured in human mechanistic studies, and suggest how these effects may translate into the improved cardiovascular outcomes as demonstrated in several trials.

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