scholarly journals Awareness and Perception of Carbohydrate-Controlled Diets for Management of PCOS: A Benchmark Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 954-954
Author(s):  
Carolina Cartier ◽  
Cristen Harris ◽  
Alexandra Kazaks
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Carbohydrate Restriction ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Registered Dietitian Nutritionists ◽  
Nutrition And Dietetics

Abstract Objectives Infertility affects 6.1 million women in the United States. There is currently no recognized Medical Nutrition Therapy to optimize fertility. Despite a lack of research evidence of safety and efficacy, carbohydrate restriction (CR) and carbohydrate-controlled diets (CCD) are utilized by individuals and practitioners as a treatment for subfertility. An aim of this study was to assess awareness and perception of CR as a treatment for subfertility by Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDN). In addition, a secondary aim was to compare similar questions gathered from individuals who followed a CCD for fertility enhancement. Methods This study was a combination of two surveys open for respondents July 2019 to January 2020 via REDCap. The survey for the first aim had a restricted population of RDNs consisting of 20 questions investigating perception of CR therapy and experience with patients with subfertility. The survey was emailed via listserv through the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The second survey targeted individuals who implemented CR as a fertility therapy. It consisted of 45 questions and was distributed to CCD related social media groups. Results The first survey had 240 RDN respondents with an average of 12 years of experience. The second survey had 203 CCD respondents of which 49% had followed a CCD for less than one year. While the remaining 51% followed a CCD for an average of 3.6 years. There was a statistically significant difference between how the two groups defined carbohydrate restriction χ,2 (3, 410) = 265.4, P < 0.01. Among RDNs, 49.8% selected “Below 45% kcal from carbohydrate/day” and 32.2% selected “Below 100 g carbohydrate/day”. In contrast, 75.4% of followers of a CCD selected “Below 20 g carbohydrate/day”. A total of 41% of RDNs were familiar with research regarding the effect of carbohydrate reduction on female subfertility markers, such as PCOS and anovulation, of which 67% believe the body of evidence demonstrates “generally positive outcomes” on markers of fertility. Conclusions The results of this study highlight the lack of a consistent definition of CCD between providers and the public. There may be a need for educating providers that research regarding CCD and fertility exists, but effectiveness of CR as a treatment cannot be properly assessed without an agreed upon definition. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Training Interns in Nutrition and Dietetics: Barriers and Motivators to Being a Preceptor

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 602-602
Author(s):  
Andrea Hutchins ◽  
Jinette Fellows ◽  
Donna Winham,
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Intern Training ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Dietetic Internship ◽  
Nutrition And Dietetics ◽  
Barriers And Motivators ◽  
Preceptor Role

Abstract Objectives Identify the perceptions and attitudes associated with the preceptor role and incentives that might encourage precepting among nutrition and dietetics professionals in the United States. Methods A random sample of RDN and NDTR professionals from the Commission on Dietetic Registration credentialed practitioner database were invited to complete an online survey about knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of the preceptor role. The survey was adapted from previous published instruments and validated via external content review, pretesting and post-test evaluation with pilot respondents. Results A total of 311 of 2464 invited eligible participants completed the survey, yielding a response rate of 12.6%. The majority of the sample was white, non-Hispanic with an average age of 44 years. More participants had never served as a preceptor (41%) compared to those that were current preceptors (38%) or former preceptors (21%). Respondents were asked what types of incentives would encourage them to continue to train interns or to consider precepting. The top incentives for all participants were the opportunity to earn continuing education units (65.9%) and having expenses paid to attend a national conference (49.5%). Significantly more (P < .001) former preceptors and those that never precepted reported the ability to choose when to take an intern, training on how to teach and communicate with interns and access to an “on-call” specialist for help or assistance with issues when they arise as incentives compared to current preceptors. Significantly more (P < .01) participants who have never precepted reported training on the internship expectations and the ability to provide input on intern selection process were incentives compared to current or former preceptors. Conclusions Incentives to serve as a preceptor differ based on current, former or never served as a preceptor status. Our results suggest promoting and strategizing solutions to the current imbalance between dietetic internship applicants and qualified preceptors should be targeted based on current, former or never precepted status in order to retain current preceptors, encourage former preceptors to return to precepting and recruit professionals that have never served as preceptors. Funding Sources None

scholarly journals Differences in Giving of Mc Kenzie Exercise and Core Stability Exercise toward Functional Activity of Patients with Lower Back Pain in GrandMed Hospital Lubuk Pakam

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Tati Murni Karokaro ◽  
Melisa Queen Hutabarat
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
One Year

In fulfillment of these needs sometimes human forget to maintain their health, good attitude so that the position in work is not ergonomic which can lead to problems when carrying out activities. Lower back pain is a clinical symptom that is characterized by pain or a discomfort feeling in lower back area. In the United States, the incidence of lower back pain region in the past one year is 15% -20%. This study aims to see whether there were differences in giving of Mc Kenzie and Core Stability Exercise toward Functional Activity of Patients with Lower Back Pain. This study is quasi experiment with a sample of patients with lower back pain, with purposive sampling technique. The results obtained are p-value ? <(0,000 <0,05), it means that there is a difference in giving of Mc Kenzie Exercise toward the increase of Functional Activity of Patients with Lower Back Pain, that uses body movements that is directed to extension, to provide strengthening and reflecting on the extensor and flexor muscles of the lumbar joint, while the Core Stability Exercise has the ability to regulate the position and movement in the central region of the body, and it can be concluded that there is differences in Giving of Mc Kenzie Exercise toward the increase of Functional Activity of Patients with Lower Back Pain. It is recommended for patients who experience lower back pain so that keep always repeat the exercises that suggested by physiotherapist, for further research so that choose more samples.

Recent Developments in Victorian Periodical Research

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Rosemary T. VanArsdel
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Wellesley College ◽  
Social Commentary ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Serial Publication ◽  
One Year ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Victorian Periodicals

Justification is no longer necessary for the importance of research in Victorian periodicals, nor for the clear and very special window which periodicals offer into the life and thought of the nineteenth century. The pressing problem is how best to use the plethora of resource which exists, and how to render useful to the scholar the mountains of material which remain essentially un-catalogued. If we accept as a temporary definition of a Victorian periodical “a serial publication, issued more than once a year, part (at least) of whose run falls within the span 1824-1900,” we find documentation to show that at least 16,000 of these periodicals were published during the Victorian era, and it is by no means certain that that figure is exhaustive. Within this framework can be found every conceivable variety of opinion, debate, political posturing and social commentary. If one were able to select one year, say at mid-century, and sample from each of the 16,000 periodicals what a kaleidescopic glance into an era would be provided. Since this is neither practical nor likely to happen until the humanists' use of computer skills becomes more sophisticated, it remains for the literary and historical scholars to develop other means of mastering the diffuse, and at times elusive, material.In the past twelve years a number of distinguished men and women, both in the United States and in England, have applied themselves to initial problems of periodical research and as a result there have been at least four outstanding milestones laid on the pathway. The first of these, the very prestigious accomplishment by Professor Walter E. Houghton, of Wellesley College, was the establishment of the 15-20 year project, The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals (WI), the first volume of which appeared in 1966. (The second volume is projected for 1971, and the third for 1976, with the question of a fourth undecided.) This project was born about 1958, of Houghton's own frustration in trying to make use of periodicals while writing The Victorian Frame of Mind. As a result, he and his wife, Esther Rhoads Houghton, set out to provide a new tool to study Victorian men and ideas.

Tutoring Journal Club as an Imperative Scholastic Maneuver : A Local Probe

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Saeed Shoja Shafti
Keyword(s):  
Faculty Member ◽  
Core Curriculum ◽  
Journal Club ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Chief Resident ◽  
Psychiatric Training ◽  
Journal Clubs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction: while journal clubs are a time-honored method of reviewing and discussing the scientific literature in medicine, hitherto there is no universally accepted definition of that. Purpose of the present study involved a comparison between instructive values of meetings that are directed by an authentic faculty member in comparison with conferences that are usually coached by chief residents. Methods: Forty-two psychiatric residents (from two psychiatric training centers) have been quizzed about the intentions, principles or importance of journal club. Both of said colleges had comparable settings, conferences and alike standard psychiatric journals. In one of them the papers were chosen usually by chief resident, who was as well coordinator of the conferences, while in the other one, articles were chosen habitually by a faculty member, as director and coordinator of sessions. After at least one year of attending in associated sessions, all the participants were asked to answer incognito to a Survey Questionnaire, including 23 questions, involved multiple answers, with different Coding Categories. Analysis of data was performed by way of ‘Comparison of Proportions’. Quantities in each group, as well, were analyzed in line with percentage of responds to different Coding Categories. Significance was defined as P≤0.05. Results: While all participants replied questionnaires, significant difference was evident between two groups regarding their response to at least twelve questions. Judgment of residents were generally and remarkably different with regard to : ‘goals’ , ‘format’ ,’necessity of attendance’ ,’quality of participation of faculty’ , ‘educational value of core curriculum of journal club’, ‘its critical role with regard to research and appraisal of topics ‘, and in conclusion ‘as a resource for continuous education’. Conclusion: While journal club formats are educationally diverse and appear to be more effective if they have a leader, disciplined organization of journal club by a skilled faculty member may enhance scientific insight and instructive gratifications of apprentices.

Abstract 256: The Differences in Predictors of Osteoporosis between Genders Using Warfarin

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aseel Hadi Abdulameer Alhashimi ◽  
Hadeer Akram Abdulrazzaq Al-Ani ◽  
Iman Nazar Talib Al-Ani ◽  
Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman ◽  
Hanan Hussein Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fragility ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Postmenopausal Status ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease ◽  
One Year ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Osteoporosis, chronic, progressive disease of multifactorial etiology, is systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with consequent increase in bone fragility. It is most common metabolic bone disease in sexes, races, and ages, therefore, screening at-risk population is essential. Warfarin increases the risk of osteoporosis because of its acting as vitamin K antagonist which is essential as co- factor in bone formation. Objectives: is to determine which gender and race (Malay, Chinese, and Indian) are more affected by the risk of osteoporotic condition and as osteopenia and osteoporosis dependent on definition of World Health Organization which based on bone mineral density (BMD) for each standard deviation (SD) reduction in BMD the relative risk of osteoporosis is increase 1.5-3 times. Methods: quantitative ultrasound machine is used to measure the T-score (BMD) for 270 subjects were divided in two groups; first group involved males and the second involved females. The subjects were also categorised based on using of warfarin more than one year of therapy and compared which factures influence on reduction of BMD. Results: There were 149 females showed significant difference of mean T-score of them when divided in two groups, the first group females less or equal to50 year’s old, non-using warfarin, premenopausal status, females had no history of fracture. Second group included females more than 50 years old, using warfarin more than one year, postmenopausal status, and had history with fractures. While no significant difference for males based on warfarin use. Results showed, Chinese females had more risk of osteoporosis (osteopinia, osteoporosis), than females non-using warfarin (odds ratio [OR] =2.4, 95% CI: 1.04- 5.75). Finally 25% changing of T-score for females was explained by interactions of risk factors; first using of warfarin more than 1 year and races and the second for using of warfarin more than one year and patients aged more than 50 years old. Conclusion: Chinese females with age more than 50 years old are more susceptible for the lower levels of BMD when they used warfarin therapy more than one year.

scholarly journals Do e-athletes move? A study on physical activity level and body composition in elite e-sports

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Akan Bayrakdar ◽  
Yağmur Yıldız ◽  
Işık Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of e-sports on physical activity level and body composition. Material and Methods.  The athletes who participated in the study were 19.92± 2.21 years of age, 1.73±0.04 m body height and 78.35±6.52 kg body weight. A total of 137 athletes participated in the study, including 27 from Turkey, 47 from South Korea and 63 from the United States (USA). The data was collected by e-mail from the sports clubs. The athletes who representing their country in international competitions involved in the study. The data obtained were evaluated in the SPSS program. Results.  According to the findings of the study, the body mass index (BMI) of e-sport athletes is 26.03±1.85, the number of physical activity steps is 6646±3400 and the daily e-sport hours are 9.34±1.12. The BMI was determined as USA 26.12, South Korea 26.02 and Turkey 25.84 respectively. The number of physical activity steps was identified as 5255 steps in the US, 7785 steps in South Korea and 7909 steps in Turkey. The daily e-sports hour is set at US 9.63 hours, Turkey 9.29 hours and South Korea 8.97 hours. In comparison of country-based athletes, there was a significant difference between physical activity level and daily e-sports hours at p<0.05. The value of BMI is not different. Although it is not statistically related to the physical activity level and BMI. There was no statistically significant relationship between daily e-sports hours and BMI and physical activity step counts. However, as the time of e-sports increases, BMI increases and the number of physical activity steps decreases. Conclusions.  As a result it is seen in the findings of the research that athletes dealing with e-sports are included in the fat group as a body composition and their daily physical activity steps are low. In addition, according to the results of the research, e-sports are thought to have negative effects on physical health. Thanks to the physical activity programs to be applied to these athletes, it is thought that their body composition and physical activity levels can be improved.

scholarly journals Knowledge, perception and practice of self-medication among premedical and basic science undergraduate medical students

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ravi Shankar ◽  
Arun K Dubey ◽  
Neelam R Dwivedi ◽  
A Nandy ◽  
B Barton
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Aims and Objective: Responsible self-medication is recognized as an important component of self-care. Medical students are in a unique position as they cannot yet legally prescribe medicines but their knowledge about and exposure to medicines increase as they progress through their course. Xavier University School of Medicine in Aruba admits students mainly from the United States, Canada and other countries to the undergraduate medical course. The present study was carried out to study the knowledge, perceptions and practice of self-medication among premedical and undergraduate medical students.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during June and July 2016 using a questionnaire which had been used previously.  Knowledge and perceptions were studied by noting the respondents’ degree of agreement with asset of 40 statements. The use of selected classes of medicines for self-medication during the preceding one-year period was studied. The knowledge, perception and total scores were calculated and compared among different subgroups of respondents. Age, gender, nationality and semester of study of the respondents were noted.Results: Eighty-five of the 125 students enrolled (69.1%) participated. The mean knowledge, perception and total scores were 73.45, 62.75 and 136.2 (maximum possible scores were 105, 95 and 200 respectively). There was no significant difference in scores among subgroups of respondents. Analgesics, skin ointments, antipyretics and anti-allergics were commonly used for self-medication. Over half the respondents had used some form of self-medication during the preceding year.      Conclusion: The present study provides preliminary information regarding self-medication practices among both premedical and basic science medical students. Further studies on factors influencing and information sources used during self-medication can be conducted. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 63-68

Gender Identity, the Sexed Body, and the Medical Making of Transgender

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1033
Author(s):  
Tara Gonsalves
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, I argue that the medical conceptualization of gender identity in the United States has entered a “new regime of truth.” Drawing from a mixed-methods analysis of medical journals, I illuminate a shift in the locus of gender identity from external genitalia and pathologization of families to genes and brain structure and individualized self-conception. The sexed body itself has also undergone a transformation: Sex no longer resides solely in genitalia but has traveled to more visible parts of the body, implicating racialized aesthetic ideals in its new formulation. The re-imagining of gender identity as genetically and neurologically inscribed and the expanding locus of sex correspond to an inversion of the relationship between gender identity and the sexed body as well as shifts in medical jurisdiction. Whereas psychiatrists in the 1960s, ’70s, and ’80s understood gender as stemming from genital sex, the less popular idea that gender identity precedes the sexed body has gained traction in recent decades. If gender identity once derived from the sexed body, the sexed body must now be brought into alignment with gender identity. The increasing legitimacy of self-defined gender identity, the expanding definition of racialized sex, and the inversion of the sex–gender identity relationship elevates the role of surgeons in producing racialized and sexed bodies.

scholarly journals 150. Urinary Tract-Associated Gram-Negative Bacteremia: Impact of Treatment Duration

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S102-S102
Author(s):  
Jasmin K Badwal ◽  
Elizabeth O Hand ◽  
John M Lyons ◽  
Kristi A Traugott
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteremia ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Long Course

Abstract Background Gram-negative bloodstream infections are one of the leading causes of death in the United States. A select number of studies have been conducted evaluating various treatment durations; however, none have specifically focused on urinary sources. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of short vs. long course of antimicrobial therapy on clinical and microbiological outcomes for urinary tract-associated gram-negative bacteremia (GNB). Methods This was a single-center, retrospective review from January 2016 to October 2018. Subjects were screened using a report of all positive GNB cultures. Hospitalized patients ≥18 years of age were included if they had a bacteremia from a urinary source and received an intravenous or a highly bioavailable oral agent for ≥7 days. Patients were excluded due to pregnancy, incarceration, inappropriate definitive therapy, polymicrobial bacteremia, unaddressed source control issues, or death during the treatment course. Short course (SC) was defined as 7–10 days, while long course (LC) was defined as >10 days. The primary composite outcome of treatment failure included both 30-day all-cause mortality and 90-day recurrence. Secondary outcomes included 30-day re-admission, 90-day mortality, resistance development, and C. difficile infection. Results A total of 207 patients were included: 45 patients received SC and 162 received LC. Both groups were similar at baseline in terms of comorbidities, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and vasopressor initiation. No statistically significant difference in the primary composite endpoint was observed: 2/45 (4.4%) SC vs. LC 10/162 (6.2%), P = 0.66. There was also no difference in other secondary outcomes. Conclusion Consistent with prior studies, we were unable to find a significant difference in clinical failure rates between SC vs. LC for treatment of urinary tract-associated GNB. Generalizability to more complicated cases including those with inadequate source control may be limited; however, these data add to the body of literature supporting the use of shorter antibiotic durations. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document