scholarly journals How does capacity building in public health work? Insights from the midterm evaluation of the CONFIDE project

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Palianopoulou ◽  
L Eklund Karlsson ◽  
A R Aro
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
System Level ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Introduction In an increasingly complex, rapidly changing world with a growing inequality gap, capacity building (CB) could function as an essential instrument for improving population health in a resilient and sustainable way. The PH community has been engaged in CB for decades, but there is little empirical evidence about the effectiveness of the efforts. Most evaluations focus on the individual level disregarding the complex, dynamic and multidimensional nature of CB. The aim is to provide an overview of CONFIDE’s 4-level evaluation framework - individual, organizational, network and system - and to share the findings and learning from the first 18 project months. The progress A participatory, multilevel evaluation approach is used in CONFIDE. Existing evaluation models/tools, adapted to the project needs, are used to evaluate the interventions; Kirkpatrick’s 4-level model guides the assessment of the training program’s effectiveness and impact, social network analysis for the networking interventions and organizational capacity and sustainability tools to evaluate the performance of the C4EHPs. Data collection has been conducted via surveys and document reviews at multiple time points. The preliminary findings show that, on the individual level, the trainees perceived increased knowledge and skills in the three PH fields. On the organizational level, human resources to deliver PH-related training in the participating Tunisian universities have been developed. On the network level, challenges have been encountered in building partnerships beyond the medical field. On the system level, significant delays have occurred in the establishment of the C4EHPs mainly due to the centralized administrative processes in Tunisia. Conclusions While the project’s CB process is still at an early phase, the current findings indicate that the diversity of the activities used has contributed positively to the enhancement of the beneficiaries’ existing capacities in PH.

scholarly journals Capacity Development In The Implementation Of Community Protection In Surakarta City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 2329-2343
Author(s):  
Joko Pramono Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
System Level ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Community Protection ◽  
The Individual

“Civil protection” is widely used around the world as a term that describes activities to protect civilian populations from incidents and disasters. Surakarta City, Central Java, Indonesia, also has a civil protection scheme. This scheme is regulated in the Surakarta City Regional Regulation No.12 of 2018 about the Implementation of Community Protection, through the Community Protection Unit (Satlinmas-SatuanPerlindunganMasyarakat). Satlinmas members are empowered to be able to support government efforts in creating security, peace and public order. This study aims to analyze how capacity development in the implementation of community protection in Surakarta City, Indonesia. The research method is descriptive qualitative by collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Data were analyzed using capacity building theory at the individual, organizational and system levels. The results found that the capacity building in Surakarta was still not optimal. At the individual level, Satlinmas members have not received adequate education and training. At the organizational level, there are no SOP (Standard Opera and other support regulations. At the system level, the policies made have not been able to fulfill the needs of Satlinmas members in carrying out their duties, main and functions optimally.

The Gatekeeping of iNews.id about News on Worship in Mosques Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic

MEDIASI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Shania Shaufa ◽  
Thalitha Sacharissa Rosyidiani
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
System Level ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual

This article explains about online media iNews.id in implementing gatekeeping function. This study aims to find out how gatekeeping efforts iNews.id in the production process on the issue of preaching restrictions on worship in mosques during Ramadan in 2020. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the current media situation, especially in the midst of a crisis, encourages the public to become heavily dependent on media coverage. With a qualitative approach, researchers analyzed five levels of influence on the gatekeeping process in online media iNews.id. The results of this study show that factors that influence the way iNews.id in the production process of preaching restrictions on worship in mosques due to the Covid-19 pandemic are the individual level of media workers, the level of media routine, the organizational level, the extramedia level, and the social system level. The conclusions of this study state the most dominant levels is the organization level and the media routine level in the iNews.id.

Political Journalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Strömbäck ◽  
Adam Shehata
Keyword(s):  
System Level ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Strategic Game ◽  
Partisan Bias ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Political Journalism ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Conflict Framing ◽  
The Individual

Political journalism constitutes one of the most prominent domains of journalism, and is essential for the functioning of democracy. Ideally, political journalism should function as an information provider, watchdog, and forum for political discussions, thereby helping citizens understand political matters and help prevent abuses of power. The extent to which it does is, however, debated. Apart from normative ideals, political journalism is shaped by factors at several levels of analysis, including the system level, the media organizational level, and the individual level. Not least important for political journalism is the close, interdependent, and contentious relationship with political actors, shaping both the processes and the content of political journalism. In terms of content, four key concepts in research on political journalism in Western democratic systems are the framing of politics as a strategic game, interpretive versus straight news, conflict framing and media negativity, and political or partisan bias. A review of research related to these four concepts suggests that political journalism has a strong tendency to frame politics as a strategic game rather than as issues, particularly during election campaigns; that interpretive journalism has become more common; that political journalism has a penchant for conflict framing and media negativity; and that there is only limited evidence that political journalism is influenced by political or partisan bias. Significantly more important than political or partisan bias are different structural and situational biases. In all these and other respects, there are important differences across countries and media systems, which follows from the notion that political journalism is always influenced by the media systems in which it is produced and consumed.

scholarly journals Three decades of antidepressant, anxiolytic and hypnotic use in a national population birth cohort

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Colman ◽  
Michael E. J. Wadsworth ◽  
Tim J. Croudace ◽  
Peter B. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Psychotropic Medication ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
The Individual

BackgroundPsychotropic medication use is common and increasing. Use of such drugs at the individual level over long periods has not been reported.AimsTo describe antidepressant, anxiolytic and hypnotic drug use, and associations between such medication use and common mental disorder, over a 22-year period.MethodQuestions about psychotropic medication use and symptoms of common mental disorder were asked of more than 3000 members of the 1946 British birth cohort at multiple time points between ages 31 and 53 years.ResultsPrevalence of any antidepressant, anxiolytic or hypnotic use increased significantly from 1977 (30.6 per 1000) to 1999 (59.1 per 1000) as the cohort aged. Less than 30% with mental disorder used antidepressants, anxiolytics or hypnotics. Previous use of antidepressant, anxiolytic or hypnotic was a strong predictor of future use during an episode of mental disorder (odds ratios 3.0–8.4); this association became weaker over time.ConclusionsPharmacotherapy is infrequently used by individuals with common mental disorder in Britain; this has not changed in the past three decades.

scholarly journals A Program Evaluation Framework for P/CVE

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Elena Savoia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
System Level ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Implementation Steps

P/CVE is a field of research and practice that focuses on complex social programs that, similarly to the field of public health, are most often multidisciplinary in nature. In the proposed program evaluation framework, adapted from the field of public health, we adopt a definition of “program” to include any type of organized activity (i.e., direct service interventions, community mobilization efforts, research initiatives, policy development activities, communication campaigns, etc.). The proposed framework includes three levels of evaluation, six implementation steps, and ten criteria for determining the quality of the evaluation. The three evaluation levels are based on the unit of analysis: system, population, or individual. System-level evaluations are studies conducted at the system level, where data are gathered to understand how an organizational model is developed or implemented (i.e., What type of inter-agency functions need to be developed to enhance the effectiveness of CVE programs?). In population-level evaluations, data are gathered from a segment of the population to understand the impact of the intervention on a group of individuals (i.e., Do school campaigns increase awareness about violent extremism? Do educational interventions directed to law enforcement enhance their ability to respond to cases of violent extremism?). Finally, there are programs executed at the individual level; evaluations of this type may be focused on what worked to reintegrate a specific individual—as such, the unit of analysis is at the individual level (i.e., What type of cognitive therapy interventions work in supporting reintegration efforts? What type of relationships with family and friends are necessary to support the individual in reintegrating into society?). The six implementation steps proposed in the framework are designed to guide the evaluator through the process of evidence gathering: (i) stakeholders’ engagement; (ii) description of the program and the context in which it is implemented; (iii) selection of the study design and framing of how activities are expected to be related to desired outcomes; (iv) collection of data; (v) interpretation of results; and (vi) delivering of results to stakeholders. Finally, the proposed 10 standards are based on questions we should ask to determine the quality of the evaluation. We determined that it is important to understand whether the evaluation is useful, context-specific, ethical, accurate, feasible, independent, culturally sensitive, systemic oriented, and transferable, and to include a counterfactual situation (what-if scenario).

scholarly journals System models for resilience in gerontology: application to the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Klasa ◽  
Stephanie Galaitsi ◽  
Andrew Wister ◽  
Igor Linkov
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
System Level ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Chronic Stressors ◽  
The World ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe care needs for aging adults are increasing burdens on health systems around the world. Efforts minimizing risk to improve quality of life and aging have proven moderately successful, but acute shocks and chronic stressors to an individual’s systemic physical and cognitive functions may accelerate their inevitable degradations. A framework for resilience to the challenges associated with aging is required to complement on-going risk reduction policies, programs and interventions. Studies measuring resilience among the elderly at the individual level have not produced a standard methodology. Moreover, resilience measurements need to incorporate external structural and system-level factors that determine the resources that adults can access while recovering from aging-related adversities. We use the National Academies of Science conceptualization of resilience for natural disasters to frame resilience for aging adults. This enables development of a generalized theory of resilience for different individual and structural contexts and populations, including a specific application to the COVID-19 pandemic.

A Culture of Organizational Grit From the Perspective of U.S. Military Officers: A Qualitative Inquiry

2021 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2098519
Author(s):  
Celeste Raver Luning ◽  
Prince A. Attoh ◽  
Tao Gong ◽  
James T. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Growth Mindset ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Military Officers ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Professional Pride ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Military

With the backdrop of the utility of grit at the individual level, speculation has begun to circulate that grit may exist as an organizational level phenomenon. To explore this potential construct, this study used an exploratory, qualitative research design. This study explored grit at the organizational level by interviewing leaders’ perceptions of what may be a culture of organizational grit. Participants included 14 U.S. military officers. Seven themes emerged relative to the research question: “What do U.S. military officers perceive as a culture of organizational grit?” Themes included professional pride, team unity, resilience-determination, mission accomplishment, core values, growth mindset, and deliberate practice. This study indicated that a culture of organizational grit is likely a combination of converging organizational elements. Overall, findings indicate that there may be a culture of organizational grit in the military and at the least, more research examining the concept is warranted.

Public service motivation and willingness to collaborate

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Getha-Taylor ◽  
Alexa Haddock-Bigwarfe
Keyword(s):  
Homeland Security ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Service Motivation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine public service motivation (PSM) and the connection with collaborative attitudes among a sample of homeland security actors representing the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. Design/methodology/approach – This study examines relationships between measures of PSM and collaboration using original survey data and hierarchical multiple regression. Findings – Findings reveal strong positive relationships between PSM measures and attitudes toward collaboration at the individual and organizational level. Research limitations/implications – Survey results are cross-sectional and are from respondents participating in a single state's homeland security summit. Practical implications – It is expected that results can be used to enhance collaboration at the individual and organizational levels. At the organizational level, results can be used for matching individuals with collaborative opportunities. At the individual level, results can be used for enhanced self-reflection and effectiveness purposes. Originality/value – This study provides insights on the relationship between PSM measures and collaborative attitudes. The research contributes to the body of scholarly work connecting PSM and correlates of interest.

scholarly journals The Impact of Customer Contact on Collective Human Energy in Firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-952
Author(s):  
Petra Kipfelsberger ◽  
Heike Bruch ◽  
Dennis Herhausen
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Customer Contact ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Human Energy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates how and when a firm’s level of customer contact influences the collective organizational energy. For this purpose, we bridge the literature on collective human energy at work with the job impact framework and organizational sensemaking processes and argue that a firm’s level of customer contact is positively linked to the collective organizational energy because a high level of customer contact might make the experience of prosocial impact across the firm more likely. However, as prior research at the individual level has indicated that customers could also deplete employees’ energy, we introduce transformational leadership climate as a novel contingency factor for this linkage at the organizational level. We propose that a medium to high transformational leadership climate is necessary to derive positive meaning from customer contact, whereas firms with a low transformational leadership climate do not get energized by customer contact. We tested the proposed moderated mediation model with multilevel modeling and a multisource data set comprising 9,094 employees and 75 key informants in 75 firms. The results support our hypotheses and offer important theoretical contributions for research on collective human energy in organizations and its interplay with customers.

Organizational Arrogance and a Theory-Based Instrument

2021 ◽  
pp. 210-232
Author(s):  
C. Victor Herbin III
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Work Teams ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Development And Validation

Prior studies provided insight on arrogance at the individual level and how arrogant individuals express superiority through (1) overconfidence in capabilities, (2) dismissiveness, (3) and disparagement, and how these behaviors may negatively impact those employees in and around their work teams, yet did not indicate how these behaviors impact organizational culture. Organizational arrogance represents an emerging concept that describes arrogance at the organizational level. Organizational arrogance provides the body of knowledge with a comprehensive and inclusive definition that led to the development and validation of the Organizational Arrogance Scale with a Cronbach Alpha of .922 that accurately measures the presence of organizational arrogance.

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