scholarly journals Health literacy policies and activities: developments in the past five years

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Rademakers
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Policy ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Synthesis Report

Abstract Background In the past five years, two inventory studies have been performed in which health literacy policies throughout Europe were described and analyzed: the ‘Study on sound evidence for a better understanding of health literacy in the European Union’(HEALIT4EU, 2015) and the recent HEN-synthesis report on the evidence on existing policies and linked activities and their effectiveness for improving health literacy (2018). In this presentation, data from these two studies will be compared to identify current developments regarding health literacy policy. Methods The descriptive data of both studies were, amongst others, compared with respect to the number of countries with policies or activities regarding health literacy, the geographical distribution over Europe, the content of the policies and level of implementation. Results More countries have developed policies and activities in the domain of health literacy, or are currently in the process of doing so. However, gaps remain in the geographical distribution of policy, and evidence on the effectiveness of policies and activities is still marginal. Conclusions Health literacy is more prominent on the European policy agenda. Rigorous evaluation is needed to demonstrate possible benefits of the policies for individuals, communities and society as a whole.

Les héritages chrétiens: quel avenir?

Moreana ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (Number 176) (1) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Bernard Bourdin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Politics And Religion

The legacy from Christianity unquestionably lies at the root of Europe, even if not exclusively. It has taken many aspects from the Middle Ages to modern times. If the Christian heritage is diversely understood and accepted within the European Union, the reason is essentially due to its political and religious significance. However, its impact in politics and religion has often been far from negative, if we will consider what secular societies have derived from Christianity: human rights, for example, and a religious affiliation which has been part and parcel of national identity. The Christian legacy has to be acknowledged through a critical analysis which does not deny the truth of the past but should support a European project built around common values.

EU-China Student and Academic Staff Mobility: Present Situation and Future Developments

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Mathou ◽  
Jin Yan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Information

Abstract The objective of this study was to provide comprehensive information about student and academic staff mobility between the European Union (EU) and China as well as the main strategies and policies in place to promote mobility. Based on quantitative and qualitative data provided by national authorities and various stakeholders consulted throughout the research process, the study aimed at taking stock of the situation and identifying trends regarding EU-China learning mobility over the past ten years. It also aimed at drawing recommendations to improve current and future mobility actions between the two regions.

European Union Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Schütze
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Constitutional History ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
Part Structure ◽  
Free Movement Of Goods ◽  
Substantive Law

European Union Law uses a distinctive three-part structure to examine the constitutional foundations, legal powers, and substantive law of the European Union. This third edition includes an updated dedicated chapter on the past, present, and future of Brexit. Part I looks at the constitutional foundations including a constitutional history and an examination of the governmental structure of the European Union. Part II looks at governmental powers. It covers legislative, external, executive, judicial, and limiting powers. The final part considers substantive law. It starts off by examining the free movement of goods, services, and persons. It then turns to competition law and finally ends with an analysis of internal and external policies.

scholarly journals Trust in the European Union: Effects of the information environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brosius ◽  
Erika J van Elsas ◽  
Claes H de Vreese
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
News Media ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Media

Over the past decade, the European Union has lost the trust of many citizens. This article investigates whether and how media information, in particular visibility and tonality, impact trust in the European Union among citizens. Combining content analysis and Eurobarometer survey data from 10 countries between 2004 and 2015, we study both direct and moderating media effects. Media tone and visibility have limited direct effects on trust in the European Union, but they moderate the relation between trust in national institutions and trust in the European Union. This relation is amplified when the European Union is more visible in the media and when media tone is more positive towards the European Union, whereas it is dampened when media tone is more negative. The findings highlight the role of news media in the crisis of trust in the European Union.

scholarly journals Global and regional aspects for development of Serbia and the Balkans: The events from the past as a message for future

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-177
Author(s):  
Dejan Sabic ◽  
Mila Pavlovic ◽  
Snezana Vujadinovic ◽  
Miroljub Milincic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Past ◽  
International War ◽  
Further Development

In 2010 Serbia faced with many social, economical and political issues such as the economic crisis, unemployment, uncertain candidate for membership in the European Union, cooperation with the International War Crimes Tribunal in The Hague and others. Recurrences of the past are still being felt in the political than some of the European Union with Serbia. Serbia has a long way toward permanent membership, and to intensify regional cooperation in Southeast Europe (SEE) through active membership in regional organizations and initiatives. Although this region for many years been burdened with the past and lack of understanding among nations, the steppes of integration is still achieved and is still stricken by stereotyped comparisons with a barrel keg, and so damn yard. The aim of this paper is to point out some directions for further development of the region and review of the circumstances that have contributed to this state, to show the events of the past who may be a message for the future. .

Part VI Global Approach of State Aid Law—WTO Law and EU Trade Defence Instruments, 2 Anti-subsidy Law and Practice of the European Union

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kreuschitz Viktor ◽  
Nehl Hanns Peter
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Past ◽  
Export Subsidies ◽  
Very High ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

This concluding chapter explores EU's anti-subsidy instruments, which are designed to address subsidization by other WTO members. After a hesitant start, the EU since 1995 has progressively used the AS instrument to act against subsidization by third-country governments. While initially focusing on relatively clear-cut export subsidies, over time the EU has more and more also countervailed domestic subsidy programmes. This is clearest in the AS cases initiated against China during the past five years, where the majority of the countervailed programmes have consisted of domestic subsidies. In this context, it is important to note that the findings of specificity reached by the EU in cases concerning China are largely based on the use of facts available, resulting from the imposition of very high burdens of proof on the Chinese government that domestic subsidies in fact are not specific.

The Conflict of Laws and Unjust Enrichment

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-198
Author(s):  
Andrew Burrows
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Choice Of Law ◽  
Conflict Of Laws ◽  
Unjust Enrichment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Relationship

This essay revisits the relationship between the conflict of laws and the law of unjust enrichment (or, more widely, the law of restitution) in light of shifts in the legal landscape over the past forty years. It considers the rules of jurisdiction and of choice of law applied by the English courts, accounting for the effects of the UK’s departure from the European Union.

2. The history of EU institutions:

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-47
Author(s):  
Renaud Dehousse ◽  
Paul Magnette
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Current Phase ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Ideas And Institutions

EU institutions have frequently been reformed since the origins of what is now the European Union (EU), and particularly so over the past twenty years. This chapter explains why and how this quasi-constant change has taken place. It begins by identifying five phases in this history: the founding, consolidation, relaunch, adaptation, and the current phase of reaction to functional challenges. The chapter then assesses the respective weight of state interests, ideas, and institutions in the evolution of EU institutions. In retrospect, institutional change in the EU appears to have followed a functionalist logic, leading to complex compromises that, in turn, prompt regular calls for ‘simplification’ and democratization.

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