scholarly journals How early childhood services address health inequalities and child wellbeing in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Guével ◽  
P Cury ◽  
F Bissège ◽  
J Pironom ◽  
A Dollet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Child Wellbeing ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
First Results ◽  
Local Decision

Abstract Early childhood (0-6 years old) is a key period when talking about health inequalities (HI) and child wellbeing. Over the past decades, research has shown the importance of early investment. In France, early childhood is a period covered by different public policies and different stakeholders from different sectors, i.e. health, education, childcare facilities, social affairs, recreational activities, etc. Both coverage of 0-6 years and intersectorality, are rarely connected in the literature. Based on Bronfenbrenner ecological approach, the Récits project aims to better understand how issues related to HI and child wellbeing are addressed at a local level within local policies as well as by professionals from the different sectors. It also aims to better understand the relations established by families with those professionals. Two French départements are studied: Allier (03) and Ille-et-Vilaine (35); both are characterised by social and spatial HI. Within these departments, two local authorities were selected as case studies for in depth analysis: secondary analysis of social and health indicators are carried out and qualitative data are gathered through the collection of institutional documents, observations and interviews with local decision-makers, professionals and families. First results, focusing on local public policies and how they are implemented by local stakeholders, highlight the diversity of the strategies developed according to the local social context and to the sector. Partnership between the different sectors is valued in policies however the way they work varied, notably, depending on the history of the collaboration. By clarifying the issues related to the articulation between public policies, local interventions and individual and collective practices of early childhood professionals, this research will contribute to improve and develop strategies to reduce HI and support children and families with respect to their expectations. Key messages Thanks to its ecological and intersectoral approach, this project will highlight how early childhood services may contribute to tackle health inequalities and to improve child WB. Addressing the complexity of the interactions between public policies, professionals and families will lead to a better understanding of the current challenges crossing the field of early childhood.

A Real Or a Marginal Trend in Participatory Budgets in Local Governments

e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Beata Zofia Filipiak ◽  
Marek Dylewski
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Participatory Budget

AbstractThe purpose of the article is analysis of participatory budgets as a tool for shaping decisions of local communities on the use of public funds. The authors ask the question of whether the current practice of using the participatory budget is actually a growing trend in local government finances or, after the initial euphoria resulting from participation, society ceased to notice the real possibilities of influencing the directions of public expenditures as an opportunity to legislate public policies implemented. It is expected that the conducted research will allow us to evaluate the participatory budget and indicate whether this tool practically acts as a stimulus for changes in the scope of tasks under public policies. The authors analyzed and evaluated the announced competitions for projects as part of the procedure for elaborating participatory budgeting for selected LGUs. Then, they carried out an in-depth analysis of the data used to assess real social participation in the process of establishing social policies.

Lecturas posibles sobre la construcción del actor económico

2017 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nicolás Gómez Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Ideas

En tres breves capítulos, el artículo pone a disposición las ideas básicas que cruzan la reflexión sobre las actividades económicas que las personas realizan en condiciones de pobreza, destacándose la preocupación sobre si estos desempeños pueden constituirse en alternativas de crecimiento económico a nivel local o si ellas son actores que inciden en las políticas públicas que organizan los supuestos del desarrollo.Palabras clave Actividades Económicas Autogestionadas / Autonomía / Capacitación / Desarrollo Endógeno.Abstract:In three brief chapters, the article displays the basic ideas that intersect the reflection on the economic activities that people perform in conditions of poverty, standing out the concern whether these performances can constitute in alternatives of economic growth at the local level or whether they are activities that affect the public policies which organize the theories of development.Key words Self-managed economic activities / Autonomy / Training / Endogenous Development

Iron status in early childhood is modified by diet, sex and growth: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled vitamin D trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa M. Holmlund-Suila ◽  
Helena H. Hauta-alus ◽  
Maria Enlund-Cerullo ◽  
Jenni Rosendahl ◽  
Saara M. Valkama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Criteria for optimal operation of automobiles on alternative fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Rudzinskyi ◽  
◽  
Bohdan Yemets ◽  
Serhii Melnychuk ◽  
Oleksandr Ryabchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Matrix Correlation ◽  
High Degree

The article deals with some criteria that substantiate the design and operational performance of automobiles running on alternative fuels; economic efficiency of operation of such vehicles, their ecological conformity; the level of complexity of the design of converted automobiles; labor intensity of their maintenance, repair, etc. ; traction-speed and other different, in comparison with the basic, properties of automobiles while working on alternative fuel (AF); energy consumption and (or) cost price of AF; efficiency of power plant and (or) car on AF; the degree of commissioning (mass production) and further prospects for the development of the design of such automobiles; state of support developed structures at the national (local) level. An expert assessment of the adopted criteria in the order of their importance is made. Along with the analysis of scores, which are presented in points, it is used the ranking method to study the results of the survey of experts. This allows applying the values of the established optimal criteria to justify the operation of vehicles during their work on the AF. The analysis of the matrix correlation shows that the numerical estimates set by the accepted criteria are characterized by a high degree of correlation, and experts are generally unanimous in assessing their importance. The most important criteria for the operation of automobiles on the AF are economic efficiency, traction and speed and other, different compared to the basic, the properties of automobiles while working on the AF. Other criteria are also quite important, the weights for them are much higher than 7%, and they also should be taken into account while conducting an in-depth analysis and synthesis of indicators of optimal operation of automobiles on the AF. In addition, it is important that the group of criteria that characterize only one type of automobile when working on the AF (for example, the degree of commissioning) experts gave only about 17% of the importance.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Deliberative Democratic Initiatives at the Local Level: A Framework for Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ank Michels ◽  
Harmen Binnema
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
The Impact

Although deliberative reforms have been proposed to strengthen democracy, little is known about their impact on politics, public policies, and society. This article develops a framework to systematically assess this impact, differentiating between direct and indirect forms of impact. We apply this framework to two cases of deliberative citizens’ summits in the Netherlands. Our analysis reveals that these summits have a limited direct impact on local politics and policy making, but a relatively strong indirect impact on the local community. The article also discusses some conditions that mediate the impact of the forum.

scholarly journals Data Science Tools for Monitoring the Global Repository Eco-System and its Lines of Evolution

Publications ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Friedrich Summann ◽  
Andreas Czerniak ◽  
Jochen Schirrwagen ◽  
Dirk Pieper
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
First Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
System Data ◽  
Open Archives

The global network of scholarly repositories for the publication and dissemination of scientific publications and related materials can already look back on a history of more than twenty years. During this period, there have been many developments in terms of technical optimization and the increase of content. It is crucial to observe and analyze this evolution in order to draw conclusions for the further development of repositories. The basis for such an analysis is data. The Open Archives Initiative (OAI) service provider Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) started indexing repositories in 2004 and has collected metadata also on repositories. This paper presents the main features of a planned repository monitoring system. Data have been collected since 2004 and includes basic repository metadata as well as publication metadata of a repository. This information allows an in-depth analysis of many indicators in different logical combinations. This paper outlines the systems approach and the integration of data science techniques. It describes the intended monitoring system and shows the first results.

Health inequalities in the Great Depression: a case study of Stockton on Tees, North-East England in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. e126-e133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Langthorne ◽  
Clare Bambra
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Inequalities In Health ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
North East ◽  
Geographical Inequalities ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background Parallels have been drawn between the ‘Great Depression’ of the 1930s and the more recent ‘Great Recession’ that followed the 2007/8 financial crisis. Austerity was the common policy response by UK governments in both time periods. This article examines health inequalities at a local level in the 1930s, through a historical case study. Methods Local and national historical archives, Medical Officer for Health reports, and secondary sources were examined from 1930 to 1939 to obtain data on inequalities in health (infant mortality rates, stillbirths and neonatal mortality rates, 1935 and crude overall mortality rates, 1936) and ward-level deprivation (over-crowding rates, 1935) in Stockton-on-Tees, North-East England. Results There were high geographical inequalities in overcrowding and health in Stockton-on-Tees in the 1930s. Rates of overall mortality, in particular, were higher in those wards with higher levels of overcrowding. Conclusions There were geographical inequalities in health in the 1930s and the most deprived areas had the worst overall mortality rates. The areas with the worst housing conditions and health outcomes in the 1930s remain so today - health inequality is extant over time across different periods of austerity.

A Realist Evaluation of a Community-Centered Radio Initiative for Health and Development in Mindanao, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-571
Author(s):  
Ross W. James ◽  
Eila Romo-Murphy ◽  
Mae-Mosette Oczon-Quirante
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Realist Evaluation ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Participatory Communication ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Community Volunteers ◽  
Existing Data

A small, local-level communication initiative aimed to bring about social change and development in communities affected by sustained conflict in Mindanao, Philippines. A realist evaluation involved a secondary analysis of existing data sets that revealed previously undetected mechanisms and 13 outcomes for improving dialogue, livelihood, and participatory communication. This article describes the method developed for the realist evaluation and constructs Context-Mechanism-Outcome configurations from the existing data sets. The realist evaluation represents what took place in a context characterized by conflict, disadvantage and disempowerment through 2 key mechanisms, community-centered radio and community radio volunteers. Both mechanisms became voices for the voiceless. The community-centered radio program supported community volunteers to mobilize communities to participate in radio segments, offering opportunities for their voices to be heard on local issues resulting in discussion, provision of services not previously offered, community leaders more responsive to community needs, and coordinated community action that resolved needs.

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