scholarly journals Disentangling the relative importance of host tree community, abiotic environment and spatial factors on ectomycorrhizal fungal assemblages along an elevation gradient

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. fiw044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Matsuoka ◽  
Akira S. Mori ◽  
Eri Kawaguchi ◽  
Satoru Hobara ◽  
Takashi Osono
Keyword(s):  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Abiotic Environment ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Tree Community ◽  
Fungal Assemblages

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and Functional Traits Verify the Combined Effect of Deterministic and Stochastic Processes in the Community Assembly of Temperate Forests along an Elevational Gradient

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Wensong Zhou ◽  
Yuxin Zhang ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Basil N. Yakimov ◽  
Keming Ma
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Processes ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Abiotic Environment ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Assembly Mechanism ◽  
Deterministic Processes

Explaining community assembly mechanisms along elevational gradients dominated by deterministic processes or stochastic processes is a pressing challenge. Many studies suggest that phylogenetic and functional diversity are significant indicators of the process. In this study, we analyzed the structure and beta diversity of phylogenetic and functional traits along an elevational gradient and discussed the effects of environmental and spatial factors. We found that the phylogenetic and functional traits showed inconsistent changes, and their variations were closely related to the abiotic environment. The results suggested that the community assembly of woody plants was obviously affected by the combined effect of deterministic processes and the stochastic hypothesis (primarily by the latter). Phylogenetic and functional traits had a certain relationship but changed according to different rules. These results enhance our understanding of the assembly mechanism of forest communities by considering both phylogenetic and functional traits.

scholarly journals Structuring of Dragonfly Communities (Insecta: Odonata) in Eastern Amazon: Effects of Environmental and Spatial Factors in Preserved and Altered Streams

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliveira-Junior ◽  
Juen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Spatial Variables ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Natural Communities

The evaluation of the effects of environmental factors on natural communities has been one of the principal approaches in ecology; although, over the past decade, increasing importance has been given to spatial factors. In this context, we evaluated the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors for the structuring of the local odonate communities in preserved and altered streams. Adult Odonata were sampled in 98 streams in eastern Amazonia, Brazil. The physical features of each stream were evaluated and spatial variables were generated. Only environmental factors accounted for the variation in the Odonata community. The same pattern was observed in the suborder Zygoptera. For Anisoptera, environmental factors alone affect the variation in the community, considering all the environments together, and the altered areas on their own. As the two Odonata suborders presented distinct responses to environmental factors, this partitioning may contribute to an improvement in the precision of studies in biomonitoring. We thus suggest that studies would have a greater explanatory potential if additional variables are included, related to biotic interactions (e.g., competition). This will require further investigation on a finer scale of environmental variation to determine how the Odonata fauna of Amazonian streams behaves under this analytical perspective.

scholarly journals Complex phyllosphere microbiome aids in the establishment of the invasive macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.) under conditions of nitrogen scarcity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Bárta ◽  
Caio Cesar Pires de Paula ◽  
Eliška Rejmánková ◽  
Qiang Lin ◽  
Iva Kohoutová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Lake Ecology ◽  
Lake Atitlan ◽  
Littoral Zones ◽  
Fungal Assemblages ◽  
Successful Invader ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractDespite the low availability of nitrogen (N), the highly productive macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.) is a successful invader of the littoral zones at lake Atitlán, Guatemala, with profound implications for lake ecology. To help answer the question of how Hydrilla, accompanied by the filamentous green alga Cladophora Kützing (Ulvophyceae), sustains fast growth under conditions of N scarcity, we studied the composition and potential biogeochemical function of the associated microbiomes. We combined results from next generation sequencing of associated bacterial and fungal assemblages with traditional microscopy-based taxonomical evaluation of algae and cyanobacteria. We focused on the presence of specific N2-fixing genera and their relative importance. Data on community composition are complemented with measurements of diazotrophic activity. The results expand our knowledge of the ecophysiology of these algae-plant-microbe consortia and suggest that several levels of biological complexity should be considered to fully understand aquatic plant ecology and the process of macrophyte invasions.

Relative importance of climate, vegetation, and spatial factors in the community and functional composition of wood-inhabiting fungi in discontinuously distributed subalpine spruce forests

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yu Fukasawa ◽  
Kimiyo Matsukura ◽  
Yoko Ando ◽  
Satoshi N. Suzuki ◽  
Kunihiro Okano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rot ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Picea Jezoensis ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Brown Rot Fungi ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Study Sites

Wood-inhabiting fungi are critically important for the decomposition of coarse woody debris (CWD). To evaluate the relative importance of climate, vegetation, and spatial factors in the functional composition of fungal communities that inhabit CWD in discontinuously distributed subalpine Hondo spruce (Picea jezoensis (Sieb. & Zucc.) Carr. var. hondoensis (Mayr) Rehder) forests, a metabarcoding analysis was conducted on spruce deadwood samples obtained from six subalpine forests in central Japan using a high-throughput DNA sequencing technique. We detected 454 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from 67 spruce CWDs and determined that spatial factors explained a larger fraction of community variation than environmental (climate and vegetation) factors at all six study sites. However, environmental factors explained a larger fraction than spatial factors if we excluded data from one site that is geographically distant from other study sites. The OTU number and the occurrence of brown-rot fungi were positively associated with mean annual temperature and negatively associated with mean annual precipitation. Similarly, the principal component of forest vegetation significantly affected the OTU number and occurrence of brown-rot fungi. Precipitation seasonality was positively associated with the OTU number of undefined saprotrophs. These results suggest that fungal OTUs belonging to different functional groups respond differently to environmental variables.

scholarly journals Biogeographic, climatic and spatial drivers differentially affect α -, β - and γ -diversities on oceanic archipelagos

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1784) ◽  
pp. 20133246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano Sarmento Cabral ◽  
Patrick Weigelt ◽  
W. Daniel Kissling ◽  
Holger Kreft
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Oceanic Archipelagos

Island biogeographic studies traditionally treat single islands as units of analysis. This ignores the fact that most islands are spatially nested within archipelagos. Here, we took a fundamentally different approach and focused on entire archipelagos using species richness of vascular plants on 23 archipelagos worldwide and their 174 constituent islands. We assessed differential effects of biogeographic factors (area, isolation, age, elevation), current and past climate (temperature, precipitation, seasonality, climate change velocity) and intra-archipelagic spatial structure (archipelago area, number of islands, area range, connectivity, environmental volume, inter-island distance) on plant diversity. Species diversity of each archipelago ( γ ) was additively partitioned into α , β , nestedness and replacement β -components to investigate the relative importance of environmental and spatial drivers. Multiple regressions revealed strong effects of biogeography and climate on α and γ , whereas spatial factors, particularly number of islands, inter-island distance and area range, were key to explain β . Structural equation models additionally suggested that γ is predominantly determined by indirect abiotic effects via its components, particularly β . This highlights that β and the spatial arrangement of islands are essential to understand insular ecology and evolution. Our methodological framework can be applied more widely to other taxa and archipelago-like systems, allowing new insights into biodiversity origin and maintenance.

scholarly journals The Relative Importance of Human Disturbance, Environmental and Spatial Factors on the Community Composition of Wetland Birds

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3448
Author(s):  
Seid Tiku Mereta ◽  
Pieter Lemmens ◽  
Luc De Meester ◽  
Peter L. M. Goethals ◽  
Pieter Boets
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Variation Partitioning ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Compositional Variation ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Spatial Factors

The present study investigates the relative importance of human disturbance, local environmental and spatial factors on variations in bird community composition in natural Ethiopian wetlands with high biodiversity conservation value. We quantified bird abundances, local environmental variables and human disturbances at 63 sites distributed over ten wetlands in two subsequent years. Variation partitioning analyses were used to explore the unique and shared contributions of human disturbance, local environmental variables and spatial factors on variations in community compositions of wetland bird species. Local environmental variables explained the largest amount of compositional variation of wetland bird species. Productivity-related variables were the most important local environmental variables determining bird community composition. Human disturbance was also an important determinant for wetland bird community composition and affected the investigated communities mainly indirectly through its effect on local environmental conditions. Spatial factors only played a minor role in variations in bird community composition. Our study highlights the urgent need for integrated management approaches that consider both nature conservation targets and socio-economic development of the region for the sustainable use and effective conservation of wetland resources.

scholarly journals Shifts in community composition and co-occurrence patterns of phyllosphere fungi inhabiting Mussaenda shikokiana along an elevation gradient

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Qian ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Xiaoming Guo ◽  
Dan He ◽  
Miaomiao Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Phyllosphere Fungi ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Fungal Assemblages ◽  
Occurrence Patterns

The altitudinal effects on the distributions of phyllosphere fungal assemblages in conspecific plants remain poorly elucidated. To address this, phyllosphere fungal communities associated with Mussaenda shikokiana were investigated at four sites across a 350 m elevation gradient in a subtropical forest by employing Illumina metabarcoding of the fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region. Our results demonstrated that phyllosphere fungal assemblages with a single host possessed high taxonomic diversity and multiple trophic guilds. OTU richness was significantly influenced by elevation. The elevation gradient also entailed distinct shifts in the community composition of phyllosphere fungi, which was significantly related to geographical distance and mean annual temperature (MAT). Additionally, comparison of phyllosphere fungal networks showed reduced connectivity with increasing elevation. Our data provide insights on the distribution and interactions of the phyllosphere fungal community associated with a single host along a short elevation gradient.

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