scholarly journals Complex phyllosphere microbiome aids in the establishment of the invasive macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.) under conditions of nitrogen scarcity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Bárta ◽  
Caio Cesar Pires de Paula ◽  
Eliška Rejmánková ◽  
Qiang Lin ◽  
Iva Kohoutová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Lake Ecology ◽  
Lake Atitlan ◽  
Littoral Zones ◽  
Fungal Assemblages ◽  
Successful Invader ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractDespite the low availability of nitrogen (N), the highly productive macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.) is a successful invader of the littoral zones at lake Atitlán, Guatemala, with profound implications for lake ecology. To help answer the question of how Hydrilla, accompanied by the filamentous green alga Cladophora Kützing (Ulvophyceae), sustains fast growth under conditions of N scarcity, we studied the composition and potential biogeochemical function of the associated microbiomes. We combined results from next generation sequencing of associated bacterial and fungal assemblages with traditional microscopy-based taxonomical evaluation of algae and cyanobacteria. We focused on the presence of specific N2-fixing genera and their relative importance. Data on community composition are complemented with measurements of diazotrophic activity. The results expand our knowledge of the ecophysiology of these algae-plant-microbe consortia and suggest that several levels of biological complexity should be considered to fully understand aquatic plant ecology and the process of macrophyte invasions.

Absorption and Translocation of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl in Ten Aquatic Plant Species

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erika J. Haug ◽  
Khalied A. Ahmed ◽  
Travis W. Gannon ◽  
Rob J. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
State University ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Eurasian Watermilfoil ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Aquatic Herbicide

Abstract Additional active ingredients are needed for use in aquatic systems in order to respond to new threats or treatment scenarios, enhance selectivity, reduce use rates, and to mitigate the risk of herbicide-resistance. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a new synthetic auxin developed for use as an aquatic herbicide. A study was conducted at North Carolina State University, in which 10 µg L−1 of 25% radiolabeled florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied to the isolated shoot tissue of ten different aquatic plant species in order to elucidate absorption and translocation patterns in these species. Extremely high levels of shoot absorption were observed for all species and uptake was rapid. Highest shoot absorptions were observed for crested floatingheart [Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze] (A192 =20 µg g−1), dioecious hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle] (A192 =25.3 µg g−1), variable watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophylum Michx.) (A192 =40.1 µg g−1) and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) (A192 =25.3 µg g−1). Evidence of translocation was observed in all rooted species tested with the greatest translocation observed in N. cristata (1.28 µg g-1 at 192 HAT). The results of this study add to the growing body of knowledge surrounding the behavior of this newly registered herbicide within aquatic plants.

Human shoreline development and the nutrient stoichiometry of aquatic plant communities in Canadian Shield lakes

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1642-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Frost ◽  
Andrea L. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Nutrient Stoichiometry ◽  
Shoreline Development ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
South Central ◽  
Littoral Zones

Human activities associated with residential development potentially alter ecological processes in lake littoral zones. We determined how the nutrient stoichiometry of aquatic plant communities relates to residential density around lakes of south-central Ontario. We calculated the elemental composition of entire plant communities from multiple sites in 12 lakes using measurements of individual plant C:N:P ratios and their areal biomass. We found considerable variability in the C:N:P ratios of whole aquatic plant communities among sites and lakes, which was not accounted for by intraspecific variability in the elemental composition of aquatic plants. Instead, differences in community-level C:N:P ratios primarily resulted from high interspecific variability in the elemental composition among dominant plant taxa and variable taxonomic composition of sampled plant communities. Plant community composition differed among lakes with and without shoreline residences, and we found lower C:N and C:P ratios in communities from littoral zones in human-developed lakes. Our results thus demonstrate a link between the elemental and taxonomic composition of aquatic plant communities, which may mediate biogeochemical responses of littoral zones to development of lake shorelines.

scholarly journals Plectosporium tabacinum, a Pathogen of the Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla verticillata in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Smither-Kopperl ◽  
R. Charudattan ◽  
R. D. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Acid Fuchsin ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant

Plectosporium tabacinum, the anamorph of Plectosphaerella cucumerina, was isolated in 1996 from Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), an invasive aquatic weed in Florida. P. tabacinum, applied as a suspension of conidia, was pathogenic to hydrilla shoots maintained in aqueous solutions in test tubes. Koch's postulates were fulfilled in several repeated experiments. Infected shoots became slightly chlorotic within 24 h after inoculation. Infected leaves remained intact and were supported by water pressure but collapsed upon removal from water. Histological studies of leaves stained with malachite green and acid fuchsin revealed fungal hyphae within plant cells. The disease developed over a range of temperatures from 15 to 30°C. At 25°C, symptoms were most severe in 5% Hoagland's solution, followed by river water, deionized water, 0.5% Hoagland's, tap water, and spring water. Disease severity increased as inoculum concentration was increased from 105 to 107 conidia ml-1. This is the first report of P. tabacinum as a pathogen of hydrilla, a fully submerged aquatic plant species.

Adapting Scuba to Aquatic Plant Ecology

Ecology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Plant Ecology

scholarly journals Genome size and identification of abundant repetitive sequences in Vallisneria spinulosa

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3982 ◽  
Author(s):  
RuiJuan Feng ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Min Tao ◽  
Guanchao Du ◽  
Qishuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Ltr Retrotransposons ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Vallisneria spinulosa is a freshwater aquatic plant of ecological and economic importance. However, there is limited cytogenetic and genomics information on Vallisneria. In this study, we measured the nuclear DNA content of Vallisneria spinulosa by flow cytometry, performed a de novo assembly, and annotated repetitive sequences by using a combination of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics tools. The genome size of Vallisneria spinulosa is approximately 3,595 Mbp, in which nearly 60% of the genome consists of repetitive sequences. The majority of the repetitive sequences are LTR-retrotransposons comprising 43% of the genome. Although the amount of sequencing data used in this study was not sufficient for a whole-genome assembly, it could generate an overview of representative elements in the genome. These results will lay a new foundation for further studies on various species that belong to the Vallisneria genus.

scholarly journals Jagd auf den Adlermörder — Entdeckung eines neuen Cyanotoxins

BIOspektrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
Steffen Breinlinger ◽  
Timo H. J. Niedermeyer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bald Eagle ◽  
Invasive Aquatic Plant

AbstractHunting down the eagle killer: Vacuolar myelinopathy is a neurological disease affecting wildlife — including the iconic bald eagle — in the United States. Its cause has been elusive for decades, but its occurrence has been linked to the cyanobacterium Aetokthonos hydrillicola colonizing the invasive aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata. In a recent study, we found that A. hydrillicola produces a novel highly toxic biindole alkaloid (aetokthonotoxin), and proved that it is causing the disease.

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