Visual Impairment and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurun Cai ◽  
Jennifer A Schrack ◽  
Hang Wang ◽  
Jian-Yu E ◽  
Amal A Wanigatunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Abstract Background Vision loss is associated with increased falls risk and restricted physical activity, yet the relationship between multiple vision measures and objectively measured physical activity, especially activity patterns, in mid-to-late life is not well understood. Methods This study included 603 participants aged ≥ 50 years (mean age=73.5) in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging who had the following assessments: presenting and best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual fields, stereo acuity, and free-living physical activity using a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer for 7 days. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between vision measures and daily activity counts, active minutes, and activity fragmentation (defined as an active-to-sedentary transition probability), adjusting for potential confounders. Mixed-effects models estimated differences in activity by time of day comparing those with and without each visual impairment. Results In the fully adjusted model, worse presenting visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual fields were associated with fewer activity counts, less active time, and more fragmented activity patterns (p<0.05 for all). Participants with presenting or best-corrected visual acuity impairment had 19.2 and 29.3 fewer active minutes (p=0.05, p=0.03, respectively) per day. Visual field impairment was associated with 268,636 fewer activity counts (p=0.02), 46.2 fewer active minutes (p=0.02) per day, and 3% greater activity fragmentation (p=0.009). Differences in activity levels tended to be greatest from 6am-6pm (p<0.05). Conclusions Older adults with visual impairment have restricted and more fragmented patterns of daily activity. Longitudinal studies to quantify the long-term impacts of visual impairments on activity decline are warranted.

scholarly journals Visual Impairment and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 337-337
Author(s):  
Jennifer Schrack ◽  
Jian-Yu E ◽  
Amal Wanigatunga ◽  
Jacek Urbanek ◽  
Eleanor Simonsick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Vision loss is associated with restricted physical activity (PA), yet the relationship between multiple domains of vision measures and objectively measured PA, especially activity patterns, in mid-to-late life remains unclear. In 603 BLSA participants (mean age=73.5±11 years; 56% women; 69% white), best-corrected and presenting visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity, visual fields (VF), stereo acuity were assessed from 2015 to 2019. Free-living PA was assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer for 7 days. Linear regression models showed that participants with vs. without best-corrected VA impairment had 29.3 fewer active minutes/day (p=0.03) and trended towards fewer activity counts (p=0.05), adjusting for sociodemographic and health characteristics. VF impairment was associated with 268,636 fewer activity counts (p=0.02), 46.2 fewer active minutes/day (p=0.02), and a 3% greater activity fragmentation (p=0.009). Older adults with visual impairment have restricted and more fragmented activity patterns. Longitudinal studies are warranted to examine causality between visual impairment and PA decline.

scholarly journals Postsurgery Classification of Best-Corrected Visual Acuity Changes Based on Pterygium Characteristics Using the Machine Learning Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fatin Nabihah Jais ◽  
Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin ◽  
Mohd Radzi Hilmi ◽  
Mohd Izzuddin Mohd Tamrin ◽  
Khairidzan Mohd Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Machine Learning Technique ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Introduction. Early detection of visual symptoms in pterygium patients is crucial as the progression of the disease can cause visual disruption and contribute to visual impairment. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and corneal astigmatism influence the degree of visual impairment due to direct invasion of fibrovascular tissue into the cornea. However, there were different characteristics of pterygium used to evaluate the severity of visual impairment, including fleshiness, size, length, and redness. The innovation of machine learning technology in visual science may contribute to developing a highly accurate predictive analytics model of BCVA outcomes in postsurgery pterygium patients. Aim. To produce an accurate model of BCVA changes of postpterygium surgery according to its morphological characteristics by using the machine learning technique. Methodology. A retrospective of the secondary dataset of 93 samples of pterygium patients with different pterygium attributes was used and imported into four different machine learning algorithms in RapidMiner software to predict the improvement of BCVA after pterygium surgery. Results. The performance of four machine learning techniques were evaluated, and it showed the support vector machine (SVM) model had the highest average accuracy (94.44% ± 5.86%), specificity (100%), and sensitivity (92.14% ± 8.33%). Conclusion. Machine learning algorithms can produce a highly accurate postsurgery classification model of BCVA changes using pterygium characteristics.

scholarly journals Visual impairment and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in US adolescents and adults: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e027267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Smith ◽  
Sarah E Jackson ◽  
Shahina Pardhan ◽  
Guillermo Felipe López-Sánchez ◽  
Liang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

ObjectivesTo compare levels of physical activity and sedentary time in a representative sample of US adolescents and adults with and without visual impairment.DesignCross-sectional analyses were carried out using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ParticipantsThe study population consisted of 6001 participants (adolescents n=1766, adults n=4235). The present analysis aggregated data from 2003 to 2004 and 2005–2006.MeasuresObjective physical activity and sedentary behaviour assessment was conducted over 7 days. Distance visual acuity was measured for each eye in all participants 12 years and older. Participants’ vision was categorised as: normal vision, uncorrected refractive error, non-refractive visual impairment. We estimated the sex-specific linear associations between presenting vision and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary patterns using adjusted generalised linear models in adolescents and adults.Results and conclusionsAdolescents with uncorrected refractive error and non-refractive visual impairment did not accumulate higher levels of sedentary time or lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared with those with normal vision. We observed no association between vision status and accelerometer measured MVPA in adults aged 20–49 years. We observed more time spent sedentary among females 20–49 years old with non-refractive visual impairment compared with those presenting normal vision (mean difference 329.8 min/week, 95% CI: 12.5 to 647.0). Adults 50 years and older with non-refractive visual impairment appeared to accumulate less lifestyle physical activity, particularly in women (mean difference −82.8 min/week, 95% CI: −147.8 to −17.8). Adult women with non-refractive visual impairment have lower levels of lifestyle physical activity and higher levels of sedentary time than those with normal vision. Taken together, these findings highlight the need for interventions to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary time in adult populations with visual impairment, specifically adult women.

scholarly journals The Impact of Ethnicity on Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Children

ISRN Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Lisa Jane Eyre ◽  
Michael J. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Patterns ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Obesity and obesity-related diseases (cardiovascular disease/metabolic risk factors) are experienced differently in individuals from different ethnic backgrounds, which originate in childhood. Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for obesity and related diseases. Both physical activity and metabolic risk factors track to adulthood, and thus understanding the physical activity patterns in children from different ethnic backgrounds is important. Given the limitations of self-report measures in children, this study provides a review of studies which have objectively measured physical activity patterns in children from different ethnic backgrounds. From a total of 16 studies, it can be concluded that physical activity does seem to vary amongst the ethnic groups especially South Asian and Black compared to White EU (European Union). The findings are less consistent for Hispanic/Mexican American children. However, there are several methodological limitations which need to be considered in future studies. Firstly, there is a need for consistency in the measurement of physical activity. Secondly, there are a range of complex factors such as socioeconomic status and body composition which affect both physical activity and ethnicity. Studies have failed to account for these differences limiting the ability to generalise that ethnicity is an independent risk factor for physical activity.

scholarly journals PPARG Polymorphisms Are Associated with Unexplained Mild Vision Loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Xian Xu ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Peiyao Jin ◽  
Jianhua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Pparg Gene ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Objectives. To investigate whether the presence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene polymorphisms is associated with unexplained mild visual impairment (UMVI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. A total of 135 T2DM residents with UMVI and 133 with normal vision (NV; best-corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/25 in both eyes) were enrolled. UMVI was defined as best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) < 20/25 and ≥ 20/63 in both eyes, with no visual impairment-causing diseases found. Four PPARG gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3856806, rs1801282, rs709158, and rs10865710) were assessed with the HAPLOVIEW 4.0 software to examine the statistical association of PPARG polymorphisms and UMVI in patients with T2DM. Results. Four SNPs qualified the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.05). The frequency of genotype GC at SNP rs10865710 was significantly higher in the UMVI group than in the NV group (p<0.001; GG + GC versus CC) (OR = 8.94, 95% CI: 4.90–16.31), whereas genotype CC decreased the risk (OR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03–0.14). Genotype TT at SNP rs3856806 was strongly associated with UMVI (p<0.0001, TT + TC versus CC) (OR = 4.74, 95% CI: 2.68–8.54), whereas genotype CC appeared to be protective for UMVI (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82). Conclusions. Susceptibilities of PPARG variants may lead to differences in PPARG transcription, result in early function loss of retinal photoreceptor cells, and eventually cause UMVI.

Objectively measured physical activity in Brazilians with visual impairment: description and associated factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (18) ◽  
pp. 2131-2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Barbosa Porcellis da Silva ◽  
Alexandre Carriconde Marques ◽  
Felipe Fossati Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity
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