scholarly journals The Foreclosure Crisis, Community Change, and the Cognitive Health of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther M Friedman ◽  
Jason N Houle ◽  
Kathleen A Cagney ◽  
Mary E Slaughter ◽  
Regina A Shih
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Physical Disorder ◽  
County Level ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Housing Wealth ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Foreclosure Crisis ◽  
Home Foreclosures

Abstract Objectives While home foreclosures are often thought of as a household-level event, the consequences may be far-reaching, and spill over to the broader community. Older adults, in particular, could be affected by the spiral of community changes that result from foreclosures, but we know very little about how the foreclosure crisis is related to older adult health, in particular cognition. Method This article uses growth curve models and data from the Health and Retirement Study matched to Census and county-level foreclosure data to examine whether community foreclosures are related to older adults’ cognitive health and the mechanisms responsible. Results We find that higher rates of county-level foreclosures are associated with a faster decline in individual cognition at older ages. Although we examined an extensive number of individual and community mechanisms, including individual housing wealth and depressive symptoms, community structural factors, social factors, and perceptions of physical disorder and cohesion, none of the mechanisms examined here explained this relationship. Discussion This study shows that the adverse consequences of home foreclosures spill over to the local community, with implications for the cognitive health of older adults.

scholarly journals Effects of multi-domain cognitive training on working memory retrieval in older adults: behavioral and ERP evidence from a Chinese community study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangfei Hong ◽  
You Chen ◽  
Jijun Wang ◽  
Yuan Shen ◽  
Qingwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseline Session

AbstractWorking memory (WM) is a fundamental cognitive function that typically declines with age. Previous studies have shown that targeted WM training has the potential to improve WM performance in older adults. In the present study, we investigated whether a multi-domain cognitive training program that was not designed to specifically target WM could improve the behavioral performance and affect the neural activity during WM retrieval in healthy older adults. We assigned healthy older participants (70–78 years old) from a local community into a training group who completed a 3-month multi-domain cognitive training and a control group who only attended health education lectures during the same period. Behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded from participants while performing an untrained delayed match or non-match to category task and a control task at a pre-training baseline session and a post-training follow-up session. Behaviorally, we found that participants in the training group showed a trend toward greater WM performance gains than participants in the control group. Event-related potential (ERP) results suggest that the task-related modulation of P3 during WM retrieval was significantly enhanced at the follow-up session compared with the baseline session, and importantly, this enhancement of P3 modulation was only significant in the training group. Furthermore, no training-related effects were observed for the P2 or N2 component during WM retrieval. These results suggest that the multi-domain cognitive training program that was not designed to specifically target WM is a promising approach to improve WM performance in older adults, and that training-related gains in performance are likely mediated by an enhanced modulation of P3 which might reflect the process of WM updating.

scholarly journals Association between accessibility to elementary school and depression in older Adults: JAGES Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nishida ◽  
M Hanazato ◽  
K Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Intergenerational Exchange ◽  
Geographical Accessibility

Abstract Background The connection in a local community has diluted in an aging society, and the importance of intergenerational exchange has increased for older adults' health. Some positive effects of intergenerational exchange have reported. For example, a reciprocal intergenerational exchange contributes to better mental health in later life. However, there is little evidence of the relationship between neighborhood environments causing intergenerational exchange and the health status of older adults. This study investigated the association between geographical accessibility to elementary school, enhancing intergenerational exchange, and depression in older adults. Methods The data were retrieved from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) 2016, a population-based study of independently living people ≥65 years old. The dependent variable is depression evaluated by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS≥5). The geographical accessibility to elementary School is the distance between the representative points of their residences and the nearest elementary school. Logistic regression analysis calculates the odds ratio to determine the association between depression and accessibility to elementary school and compare models to examine the effect of intermediate factors. Results Overall, 20.4% of the participants had depression. Compared with the longest distance from elementary school (≥950m), the odds ratio was 0.91 (95% CI = 0.86, 0.96) for the nearest category (<330m), 0.91 (95% CI = 0.87, 0.96) for the second-nearest (330-490m) and 0.94 (95% CI = 0.89, 0.99) for the third (490-670m) in model 1. After adjusting for intermediate factors, the odds ratio was 0.94 for the first and second-nearest groups. Conclusions Geographical accessibility to elementary school was associated with decreased depression for older adults. The result indicates that older adults' daily meetings with children around elementary schools can result in a positive effect on their mental health. Key messages Geographical accessibility to elementary school was associated with decreased depression for older adults. The neighborhood design enhancing intergenerational exchange might be useful for age-friendly cities.

scholarly journals Using Everyday Technology Independently When Living with Forgetfulness: Experiences of Older Adults in Barcelona

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233372142199375
Author(s):  
Samuel Briones ◽  
Louise Meijering
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Capability Approach

Older adults living with forgetfulness encounter difficulties when engaging with changing and dynamic everyday technology (ET). The capability to use ET is important for independence in later life and is affected by the contextual and individual characteristics of older adults. Using the capability approach as a theoretical lens, this phenomenological study aims to explore the experiences of older adults living with forgetfulness, in order to identify contextual and individual factors that facilitate the use of ET in everyday life. A qualitative methodology was used to interview 16 community-dwelling older adults participating in memory and technology workshops at local community centres in Barcelona. Findings show that motivation and openness to learning played a facilitating role in our participants’ use of ET. The presence of social support in the form of “technology experts” and community centres offering learning opportunities were also enhancing factors that encourage independence when engaging with ET. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the importance of expanding intergenerational ET learning opportunities, through the creation of age-friendly spaces.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Cognitive Health Among Older Adults in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Angrisani ◽  
Urvashi Jain ◽  
Jinkook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Health

Services for Cognitive Health Co-created with Older Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Mihoko Otake-Matsuura ◽  
Yoshie Taguchi ◽  
Katsutoshi Negishi ◽  
Mitsuteru Matsumura ◽  
Kiyomi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Health

scholarly journals DARI ISOLASI KE AKULTURASI (STUDI TENTANG PEMBENTUKAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KAMPUNG TRANS DI DESA KURAU)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-168
Author(s):  
Trisna Malinda
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
In Trans ◽  
The Individual

This study exposes about society changes when the formation and development of Trans Village program from isolation to acculturation. Its purpose is to identify how the community change from isolated to acculturated and changes then forms a social identity in Trans Village. The Theory used in this field is Henri Taifel’s social identity theory that stated the individual concept forms by their experience in the group by acknowledging and applied the social values, participate, and develops their sense of care and pride of their group. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. This study also uses data analysis techniques by reducing data, displaying data and drawing conclusions. The number of informants used is 9 people filtered through purposive sampling. The results of this study indicate that the process from isolation to community acculturation occurred at the time of the formation and development of the Trans Village in Kurau Village. At first, the transmigrant communities are isolated from the local community so there are no interactions. Then by the time being, Trans Village leads to the transformation of social identity. Social identity is formed starting from the awareness, relationships, collaboration and harmonization among the people. People who were initially isolated have now become acculturated in Kampung Trans. This condition can be seen from the merging of the community, namely the local community and transmigrants in Trans Village which caused mixing between cultures so that new cultures are formed while still preserving old cultures. People live mingled by promoting the values ​​and rules that exist in Kampung Trans.

scholarly journals Older Adults’ Utilization of Community Resources Targeting Fall Prevention and Physical Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan K McMahon ◽  
Young Shin Park ◽  
Beth Lewis ◽  
Weihua Guan ◽  
J Michael Oakes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

Abstract Background and Objectives Despite the availability of community resources, fall and inactivity rates remain high among older adults. Thus, in this article, we describe older adults’ self-reported awareness and use of community resources targeting fall prevention and physical activity. Research Design and Methods In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted in Phase 1 with community center leaders (n = 5) and adults (n = 16) ≥70 years old whose experience with community programs varied. In Phase 2, surveys were administered to intervention study participants (n = 102) who were ≥70 years old, did not have a diagnosis of dementia, and reported low levels of physical activity. Results Four themes emerged from Phase 1 data: (a) identifying a broad range of local community resources; (b) learning from trusted sources; (c) the dynamic gap between awareness and use of community resources; and (d) using internal resources to avoid falls. Phase 2 data confirmed these themes; enabled the categorization of similar participant-identified resources (10); and showed that participants who received encouragement to increase community resource use, compared to those who did not, had significantly greater odds of using ≥1 resource immediately postintervention, but not 6 months’ postintervention. Discussion and Implications Although participants in this study were aware of a broad range of local community resources for physical activity, they used resources that support walking most frequently. Additionally, receiving encouragement to use community resources had short-term effects only. Findings improve our understanding of resources that need bolstering or better dissemination and suggest researchers identify best promotion, dissemination, implementation strategies.

scholarly journals Contact frequency and cognitive health among older adults in Israel

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1008-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Schwartz ◽  
Rabia Khalaila ◽  
Howard Litwin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Contact Frequency
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